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diff --git a/tests/manual/rhi/hellominimalcrossgfxtriangle/window.cpp b/tests/manual/rhi/hellominimalcrossgfxtriangle/window.cpp
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+/****************************************************************************
+**
+** Copyright (C) 2020 The Qt Company Ltd.
+** Contact: https://www.qt.io/licensing/
+**
+** This file is part of the examples of the Qt Toolkit.
+**
+** $QT_BEGIN_LICENSE:BSD$
+** Commercial License Usage
+** Licensees holding valid commercial Qt licenses may use this file in
+** accordance with the commercial license agreement provided with the
+** Software or, alternatively, in accordance with the terms contained in
+** a written agreement between you and The Qt Company. For licensing terms
+** and conditions see https://www.qt.io/terms-conditions. For further
+** information use the contact form at https://www.qt.io/contact-us.
+**
+** BSD License Usage
+** Alternatively, you may use this file under the terms of the BSD license
+** as follows:
+**
+** "Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+** modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+** met:
+** * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+** notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+** * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+** notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
+** the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+** distribution.
+** * Neither the name of The Qt Company Ltd nor the names of its
+** contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
+** from this software without specific prior written permission.
+**
+**
+** THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+** "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+** LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+** A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+** OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+** SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+** LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+** DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+** THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+** (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+** OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE."
+**
+** $QT_END_LICENSE$
+**
+****************************************************************************/
+
+#include "window.h"
+#include <QPlatformSurfaceEvent>
+
+Window::Window(QRhi::Implementation graphicsApi)
+ : m_graphicsApi(graphicsApi)
+{
+ switch (graphicsApi) {
+ case QRhi::OpenGLES2:
+ setSurfaceType(OpenGLSurface);
+#if QT_CONFIG(opengl)
+ setFormat(QRhiGles2InitParams::adjustedFormat());
+#endif
+ break;
+ case QRhi::Vulkan:
+ setSurfaceType(VulkanSurface);
+ break;
+ case QRhi::D3D11:
+ setSurfaceType(OpenGLSurface);
+ break;
+ case QRhi::Metal:
+ setSurfaceType(MetalSurface);
+ break;
+ default:
+ break;
+ }
+}
+
+void Window::exposeEvent(QExposeEvent *)
+{
+ // initialize and start rendering when the window becomes usable for graphics purposes
+ if (isExposed() && !m_running) {
+ qDebug("init");
+ m_running = true;
+ init();
+ resizeSwapChain();
+ }
+
+ const QSize surfaceSize = m_hasSwapChain ? m_sc->surfacePixelSize() : QSize();
+
+ // stop pushing frames when not exposed (or size is 0)
+ if ((!isExposed() || (m_hasSwapChain && surfaceSize.isEmpty())) && m_running && !m_notExposed) {
+ qDebug("not exposed");
+ m_notExposed = true;
+ }
+
+ // Continue when exposed again and the surface has a valid size. Note that
+ // surfaceSize can be (0, 0) even though size() reports a valid one, hence
+ // trusting surfacePixelSize() and not QWindow.
+ if (isExposed() && m_running && m_notExposed && !surfaceSize.isEmpty()) {
+ qDebug("exposed again");
+ m_notExposed = false;
+ m_newlyExposed = true;
+ }
+
+ // always render a frame on exposeEvent() (when exposed) in order to update
+ // immediately on window resize.
+ if (isExposed() && !surfaceSize.isEmpty())
+ render();
+}
+
+bool Window::event(QEvent *e)
+{
+ switch (e->type()) {
+ case QEvent::UpdateRequest:
+ render();
+ break;
+
+ case QEvent::PlatformSurface:
+ // this is the proper time to tear down the swapchain (while the native window and surface are still around)
+ if (static_cast<QPlatformSurfaceEvent *>(e)->surfaceEventType() == QPlatformSurfaceEvent::SurfaceAboutToBeDestroyed)
+ releaseSwapChain();
+ break;
+
+ default:
+ break;
+ }
+
+ return QWindow::event(e);
+}
+
+void Window::init()
+{
+ QRhi::Flags rhiFlags = QRhi::EnableDebugMarkers | QRhi::EnableProfiling;
+
+ if (m_graphicsApi == QRhi::Null) {
+ QRhiNullInitParams params;
+ m_rhi.reset(QRhi::create(QRhi::Null, &params, rhiFlags));
+ }
+
+#if QT_CONFIG(opengl)
+ if (m_graphicsApi == QRhi::OpenGLES2) {
+ m_fallbackSurface.reset(QRhiGles2InitParams::newFallbackSurface());
+ QRhiGles2InitParams params;
+ params.fallbackSurface = m_fallbackSurface.get();
+ params.window = this;
+ m_rhi.reset(QRhi::create(QRhi::OpenGLES2, &params, rhiFlags));
+ }
+#endif
+
+#if QT_CONFIG(vulkan)
+ if (m_graphicsApi == QRhi::Vulkan) {
+ QRhiVulkanInitParams params;
+ params.inst = vulkanInstance();
+ params.window = this;
+ m_rhi.reset(QRhi::create(QRhi::Vulkan, &params, rhiFlags));
+ }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef Q_OS_WIN
+ if (m_graphicsApi == QRhi::D3D11) {
+ QRhiD3D11InitParams params;
+ params.enableDebugLayer = true;
+ m_rhi.reset(QRhi::create(QRhi::D3D11, &params, rhiFlags));
+ }
+#endif
+
+#if defined(Q_OS_MACOS) || defined(Q_OS_IOS)
+ if (m_graphicsApi == QRhi::Metal) {
+ QRhiMetalInitParams params;
+ m_rhi = QRhi::create(QRhi::Metal, &params, rhiFlags);
+ }
+#endif
+
+ if (!m_rhi)
+ qFatal("Failed to create RHI backend");
+
+ m_sc.reset(m_rhi->newSwapChain());
+ m_ds.reset(m_rhi->newRenderBuffer(QRhiRenderBuffer::DepthStencil,
+ QSize(), // no need to set the size here, due to UsedWithSwapChainOnly
+ 1,
+ QRhiRenderBuffer::UsedWithSwapChainOnly));
+ m_sc->setWindow(this);
+ m_sc->setDepthStencil(m_ds.get());
+ m_rp.reset(m_sc->newCompatibleRenderPassDescriptor());
+ m_sc->setRenderPassDescriptor(m_rp.get());
+
+ customInit();
+}
+
+void Window::resizeSwapChain()
+{
+ m_hasSwapChain = m_sc->buildOrResize(); // also handles m_ds
+
+ const QSize outputSize = m_sc->currentPixelSize();
+ m_proj = m_rhi->clipSpaceCorrMatrix();
+ m_proj.perspective(45.0f, outputSize.width() / (float) outputSize.height(), 0.01f, 1000.0f);
+ m_proj.translate(0, 0, -4);
+}
+
+void Window::releaseSwapChain()
+{
+ if (m_hasSwapChain) {
+ m_hasSwapChain = false;
+ m_sc->release();
+ }
+}
+
+void Window::render()
+{
+ if (!m_hasSwapChain || m_notExposed)
+ return;
+
+ // If the window got resized or newly exposed, resize the swapchain. (the
+ // newly-exposed case is not actually required by some platforms, but
+ // f.ex. Vulkan on Windows seems to need it)
+ //
+ // This (exposeEvent + the logic here) is the only safe way to perform
+ // resize handling. Note the usage of the RHI's surfacePixelSize(), and
+ // never QWindow::size(). (the two may or may not be the same under the hood,
+ // depending on the backend and platform)
+ //
+ if (m_sc->currentPixelSize() != m_sc->surfacePixelSize() || m_newlyExposed) {
+ resizeSwapChain();
+ if (!m_hasSwapChain)
+ return;
+ m_newlyExposed = false;
+ }
+
+ QRhi::FrameOpResult r = m_rhi->beginFrame(m_sc.get());
+ if (r == QRhi::FrameOpSwapChainOutOfDate) {
+ resizeSwapChain();
+ if (!m_hasSwapChain)
+ return;
+ r = m_rhi->beginFrame(m_sc.get());
+ }
+ if (r != QRhi::FrameOpSuccess) {
+ qDebug("beginFrame failed with %d, retry", r);
+ requestUpdate();
+ return;
+ }
+
+ customRender();
+
+ m_rhi->endFrame(m_sc.get());
+
+ requestUpdate();
+}
+
+void Window::customInit()
+{
+}
+
+void Window::customRender()
+{
+}