/****************************************************************************
**
** Copyright (C) 2020 Klarälvdalens Datakonsult AB, a KDAB Group company, info@kdab.com, author Marc Mutz <marc.mutz@kdab.com>
** Contact: http://www.qt.io/licensing/
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** Alternatively, this file may be used under the terms of the GNU
** General Public License version 2.0 or (at your option) the GNU General
** Public license version 3 or any later version approved by the KDE Free
** Qt Foundation. The licenses are as published by the Free Software
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****************************************************************************/
#ifndef QSTRINGTOKENIZER_H
#define QSTRINGTOKENIZER_H

#include <QtCore/qnamespace.h>
#include <QtCore/qcontainerfwd.h>

QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE

template <typename, typename> class QStringBuilder;

#if defined(Q_QDOC) || 1 || (defined(__cpp_range_based_for) && __cpp_range_based_for >= 201603)
#  define Q_STRINGTOKENIZER_USE_SENTINEL
#endif

class QStringTokenizerBaseBase
{
protected:
    ~QStringTokenizerBaseBase() = default;
    constexpr QStringTokenizerBaseBase(Qt::SplitBehavior sb, Qt::CaseSensitivity cs) noexcept
        : m_sb{sb}, m_cs{cs} {}

    struct tokenizer_state {
        qsizetype start, end, extra;
        friend constexpr bool operator==(tokenizer_state lhs, tokenizer_state rhs) noexcept
        { return lhs.start == rhs.start && lhs.end == rhs.end && lhs.extra == rhs.extra; }
        friend constexpr bool operator!=(tokenizer_state lhs, tokenizer_state rhs) noexcept
        { return !operator==(lhs, rhs); }
    };

    Qt::SplitBehavior m_sb;
    Qt::CaseSensitivity m_cs;
};

template <typename Haystack, typename Needle>
class QStringTokenizerBase : protected QStringTokenizerBaseBase
{
    struct next_result {
        Haystack value;
        bool ok;
        tokenizer_state state;
    };
    inline next_result next(tokenizer_state state) const noexcept;
    inline next_result toFront() const noexcept { return next({}); }
public:
    constexpr explicit QStringTokenizerBase(Haystack haystack, Needle needle, Qt::SplitBehavior sb, Qt::CaseSensitivity cs) noexcept
        : QStringTokenizerBaseBase{sb, cs}, m_haystack{haystack}, m_needle{needle} {}

    class iterator;
    friend class iterator;
#ifdef Q_STRINGTOKENIZER_USE_SENTINEL
    class sentinel {
        friend constexpr bool operator==(sentinel, sentinel) noexcept { return true; }
        friend constexpr bool operator!=(sentinel, sentinel) noexcept { return false; }
    };
#else
    using sentinel = iterator;
#endif
    class iterator {
        const QStringTokenizerBase *tokenizer;
        next_result current;
        friend class QStringTokenizerBase;
        explicit iterator(const QStringTokenizerBase &t) noexcept
            : tokenizer{&t}, current{t.toFront()} {}
    public:
        using difference_type = qsizetype;
        using value_type = Haystack;
        using pointer = const value_type*;
        using reference = const value_type&;
        using iterator_category = std::forward_iterator_tag;

        iterator() noexcept = default;

        // violates std::forward_iterator (returns a reference into the iterator)
        [[nodiscard]] constexpr const Haystack* operator->() const { return Q_ASSERT(current.ok), &current.value; }
        [[nodiscard]] constexpr const Haystack& operator*() const { return *operator->(); }

        iterator& operator++() { advance(); return *this; }
        iterator  operator++(int) { auto tmp = *this; advance(); return tmp; }

        friend constexpr bool operator==(const iterator &lhs, const iterator &rhs) noexcept
        { return lhs.current.ok == rhs.current.ok && (!lhs.current.ok || (Q_ASSERT(lhs.tokenizer == rhs.tokenizer), lhs.current.state == rhs.current.state)); }
        friend constexpr bool operator!=(const iterator &lhs, const iterator &rhs) noexcept
        { return !operator==(lhs, rhs); }
#ifdef Q_STRINGTOKENIZER_USE_SENTINEL
        friend constexpr bool operator==(const iterator &lhs, sentinel) noexcept
        { return !lhs.current.ok; }
        friend constexpr bool operator!=(const iterator &lhs, sentinel) noexcept
        { return !operator==(lhs, sentinel{}); }
        friend constexpr bool operator==(sentinel, const iterator &rhs) noexcept
        { return !rhs.current.ok; }
        friend constexpr bool operator!=(sentinel, const iterator &rhs) noexcept
        { return !operator==(sentinel{}, rhs); }
#endif
    private:
        void advance() {
            Q_ASSERT(current.ok);
            current = tokenizer->next(current.state);
        }
    };
    using const_iterator = iterator;

    using size_type = std::size_t;
    using difference_type = typename iterator::difference_type;
    using value_type = typename iterator::value_type;
    using pointer = typename iterator::pointer;
    using const_pointer = pointer;
    using reference = typename iterator::reference;
    using const_reference = reference;

    [[nodiscard]] iterator begin() const noexcept { return iterator{*this}; }
    [[nodiscard]] iterator cbegin() const noexcept { return begin(); }
    template <bool = std::is_same<iterator, sentinel>::value> // ODR protection
    [[nodiscard]] constexpr sentinel end() const noexcept { return {}; }
    template <bool = std::is_same<iterator, sentinel>::value> // ODR protection
    [[nodiscard]] constexpr sentinel cend() const noexcept { return {}; }

private:
    Haystack m_haystack;
    Needle m_needle;
};

QT_BEGIN_INCLUDE_NAMESPACE
#include <QtCore/qstringview.h>
QT_END_INCLUDE_NAMESPACE

namespace QtPrivate {
namespace Tok {

    constexpr qsizetype size(QChar) noexcept { return 1; }
    template <typename String>
    constexpr qsizetype size(const String &s) noexcept { return static_cast<qsizetype>(s.size()); }

    template <typename String> struct ViewForImpl {};
    template <> struct ViewForImpl<QStringView>   { using type = QStringView; };
    template <> struct ViewForImpl<QLatin1String> { using type = QLatin1String; };
    template <> struct ViewForImpl<QChar>         { using type = QChar; };
    template <> struct ViewForImpl<QString>     : ViewForImpl<QStringView> {};
    template <> struct ViewForImpl<QLatin1Char> : ViewForImpl<QChar> {};
    template <> struct ViewForImpl<char16_t>    : ViewForImpl<QChar> {};
    template <> struct ViewForImpl<char16_t*>   : ViewForImpl<QStringView> {};
    template <> struct ViewForImpl<const char16_t*> : ViewForImpl<QStringView> {};
    template <typename LHS, typename RHS>
    struct ViewForImpl<QStringBuilder<LHS, RHS>> : ViewForImpl<typename QStringBuilder<LHS,RHS>::ConvertTo> {};
    template <typename Char, typename...Args>
    struct ViewForImpl<std::basic_string<Char, Args...>> : ViewForImpl<Char*> {};
#ifdef __cpp_lib_string_view
    template <typename Char, typename...Args>
    struct ViewForImpl<std::basic_string_view<Char, Args...>> : ViewForImpl<Char*> {};
#endif

    // This metafunction maps a StringLike to a View (currently, QChar,
    // QStringView, QLatin1String). This is what QStringTokenizerBase
    // operates on. QStringTokenizer adds pinning to keep rvalues alive
    // for the duration of the algorithm.
    template <typename String>
    using ViewFor = typename ViewForImpl<typename std::decay<String>::type>::type;

    // Pinning:
    // rvalues of owning string types need to be moved into QStringTokenizer
    // to keep them alive for the lifetime of the tokenizer. For lvalues, we
    // assume the user takes care of that.

    // default: don't pin anything (characters are pinned implicitly)
    template <typename String>
    struct PinForImpl { using type = ViewFor<String>; };

    // rvalue QString -> QString
    template <>
    struct PinForImpl<QString> { using type = QString; };

    // rvalue std::basic_string -> basic_string
    template <typename Char, typename...Args>
    struct PinForImpl<std::basic_string<Char, Args...>>
    { using type = std::basic_string<Char, Args...>; };

    // rvalue QStringBuilder -> pin as the nested ConvertTo type
    template <typename LHS, typename RHS>
    struct PinForImpl<QStringBuilder<LHS, RHS>>
        : PinForImpl<typename QStringBuilder<LHS, RHS>::ConvertTo> {};

    template <typename StringLike>
    using PinFor = typename PinForImpl<typename std::remove_cv<StringLike>::type>::type;

    template <typename T> struct is_owning_string_type : std::false_type {};
    template <> struct is_owning_string_type<QString> : std::true_type {};
    template <typename...Args> struct is_owning_string_type<std::basic_string<Args...>> : std::true_type {};

    // unpinned
    template <typename T, bool pinned = is_owning_string_type<T>::value>
    struct Pinning
    {
        // this is the storage for non-pinned types - no storage
        constexpr Pinning(const T&) noexcept {}
        // Since we don't store something, the view() method needs to be
        // given something it can return.
        constexpr T view(T t) const noexcept { return t; }
    };

    // pinned
    template <typename T>
    struct Pinning<T, true>
    {
        T m_string;
        // specialisation for owning string types (QString, std::u16string):
        // stores the string:
        constexpr Pinning(T &&s) noexcept : m_string{std::move(s)} {}
        // ... and thus view() uses that instead of the argument passed in:
        constexpr QStringView view(const T&) const noexcept { return m_string; }
    };

    // NeedlePinning and HaystackPinning are there to distinguish them as
    // base classes of QStringTokenizer. We use inheritance to reap the
    // empty base class optimization.
    template <typename T>
    struct NeedlePinning : Pinning<T>
    {
        using Pinning<T>::Pinning;
        template <typename Arg>
        constexpr auto needleView(Arg &&a) noexcept
            -> decltype(this->view(std::forward<Arg>(a)))
        { return this->view(std::forward<Arg>(a)); }
    };

    template <typename T>
    struct HaystackPinning : Pinning<T>
    {
        using Pinning<T>::Pinning;
        template <typename Arg>
        constexpr auto haystackView(Arg &&a) noexcept
            -> decltype(this->view(std::forward<Arg>(a)))
        { return this->view(std::forward<Arg>(a)); }
    };

    // The Base of a QStringTokenizer is QStringTokenizerBase for the views
    // corresponding to the Haystack and Needle template arguments
    //
    // ie. QStringTokenizer<QString, QString>
    //       : QStringTokenizerBase<QStringView, QStringView> (+ pinning)
    template <typename Haystack, typename Needle>
    using TokenizerBase = QStringTokenizerBase<ViewFor<Haystack>, ViewFor<Needle>>;
} // namespace Tok
} // namespace QtPrivate

template <typename Haystack, typename Needle>
class QStringTokenizer
    : private QtPrivate::Tok::HaystackPinning<Haystack>,
      private QtPrivate::Tok::NeedlePinning<Needle>,
      public  QtPrivate::Tok::TokenizerBase<Haystack, Needle>
{
    using HPin = QtPrivate::Tok::HaystackPinning<Haystack>;
    using NPin = QtPrivate::Tok::NeedlePinning<Needle>;
    using Base = QtPrivate::Tok::TokenizerBase<Haystack, Needle>;
    template <typename Container, typename HPin>
    struct if_haystack_not_pinned_impl : std::enable_if<std::is_empty<HPin>::value, bool> {};
    template <typename Container>
    using if_haystack_not_pinned = typename if_haystack_not_pinned_impl<Container, HPin>::type;
    template <typename Container, typename Iterator = decltype(std::begin(std::declval<Container>()))>
    using if_compatible_container = typename std::enable_if<
            std::is_same<
                typename Base::value_type,
                typename std::iterator_traits<Iterator>::value_type
            >::value,
            bool
        >::type;
public:
    using value_type      = typename Base::value_type;
    using difference_type = typename Base::difference_type;
    using size_type       = typename Base::size_type;
    using reference       = typename Base::reference;
    using const_reference = typename Base::const_reference;
    using pointer         = typename Base::pointer;
    using const_pointer   = typename Base::const_pointer;
    using iterator        = typename Base::iterator;
    using const_iterator  = typename Base::const_iterator;
    using sentinel        = typename Base::sentinel;

#ifdef Q_QDOC
    [[nodiscard]] iterator begin() const noexcept { return Base::begin(); }
    [[nodiscard]] iterator cbegin() const noexcept { return begin(); }
    [[nodiscard]] constexpr sentinel end() const noexcept { return {}; }
    [[nodiscard]] constexpr sentinel cend() const noexcept { return {}; }
#endif

    constexpr explicit QStringTokenizer(Haystack haystack, Needle needle,
                                        Qt::CaseSensitivity cs,
                                        Qt::SplitBehavior sb = Qt::KeepEmptyParts)
            noexcept(std::is_nothrow_copy_constructible<QStringTokenizer>::value)
          // here, we present the haystack to Pinning<>, for optional storing.
          // If it did store, haystack is moved-from and mustn't be touched
          // any longer, which is why view() for these Pinning<>s ignores the
          // argument.
        : HPin{std::forward<Haystack>(haystack)},
          NPin{std::forward<Needle>(needle)},
          // If Pinning<> didn't store, we pass the haystack (ditto needle)
          // to view() again, so it can be copied from there.
          Base{this->haystackView(haystack),
               this->needleView(needle), sb, cs}
    {}
    constexpr explicit QStringTokenizer(Haystack haystack, Needle needle,
                                        Qt::SplitBehavior sb = Qt::KeepEmptyParts,
                                        Qt::CaseSensitivity cs = Qt::CaseSensitive)
            noexcept(std::is_nothrow_copy_constructible<QStringTokenizer>::value)
        : HPin{std::forward<Haystack>(haystack)},
          NPin{std::forward<Needle>(needle)},
          Base{this->haystackView(haystack),
               this->needleView(needle), sb, cs}
    {}

#ifdef Q_QDOC
    template<typename LContainer> LContainer toContainer(LContainer &&c = {}) const & {}
    template<typename RContainer> RContainer toContainer(RContainer &&c = {}) const && {}
#else
    template<typename Container = QList<value_type>, if_compatible_container<Container> = true>
    Container toContainer(Container &&c = {}) const &
    {
        for (auto e : *this)
            c.emplace_back(e);
        return std::forward<Container>(c);
    }
    template<typename Container = QList<value_type>, if_compatible_container<Container> = true,
             if_haystack_not_pinned<Container> = true>
    Container toContainer(Container &&c = {}) const &&
    {
        for (auto e : *this)
            c.emplace_back(e);
        return std::forward<Container>(c);
    }
#endif
};

namespace QtPrivate {
namespace Tok {
// This meta function just calculated the template arguments for the
// QStringTokenizer (not -Base), based on the actual arguments passed
// to qTokenize() (or the ctor, with CTAD). It basically detects rvalue
// QString and std::basic_string and otherwise decays the arguments to
// the respective view type.
//
// #define works around a C++ restriction: [temp.deduct.guide]/3 seems
// to ask for the simple-template-id following the `->` of a deduction
// guide to be identical to the class name for which we guide deduction.
// In particular, Clang rejects a template alias there, while GCC accepts
// it.
#define Q_TOK_RESULT \
    QStringTokenizer< \
        QtPrivate::Tok::PinFor<Haystack>, \
        QtPrivate::Tok::PinFor<Needle> \
    > \
    /*end*/
template <typename Haystack, typename Needle>
using TokenizerResult = Q_TOK_RESULT;
template <typename Haystack, typename Needle>
using is_nothrow_constructible_from = std::is_nothrow_copy_constructible<TokenizerResult<Haystack, Needle>>;
}
}

#ifdef __cpp_deduction_guides
// these tell the compiler how to determine the QStringTokenizer
// template arguments based on the constructor arguments (CTAD):
template <typename Haystack, typename Needle>
QStringTokenizer(Haystack&&, Needle&&)
    -> Q_TOK_RESULT;
template <typename Haystack, typename Needle>
QStringTokenizer(Haystack&&, Needle&&, Qt::SplitBehavior)
    -> Q_TOK_RESULT;
template <typename Haystack, typename Needle>
QStringTokenizer(Haystack&&, Needle&&, Qt::SplitBehavior, Qt::CaseSensitivity)
    -> Q_TOK_RESULT;
template <typename Haystack, typename Needle>
QStringTokenizer(Haystack&&, Needle&&, Qt::CaseSensitivity)
    -> Q_TOK_RESULT;
template <typename Haystack, typename Needle>
QStringTokenizer(Haystack&&, Needle&&, Qt::CaseSensitivity, Qt::SplitBehavior)
    -> Q_TOK_RESULT;
#endif

#undef Q_TOK_RESULT

template <typename Haystack, typename Needle, typename...Flags>
[[nodiscard]] constexpr auto
qTokenize(Haystack &&h, Needle &&n, Flags...flags)
    noexcept(QtPrivate::Tok::is_nothrow_constructible_from<Haystack, Needle>::value)
    -> decltype(QtPrivate::Tok::TokenizerResult<Haystack, Needle>{std::forward<Haystack>(h),
                                                                  std::forward<Needle>(n), flags...})
{ return QtPrivate::Tok::TokenizerResult<Haystack, Needle>{std::forward<Haystack>(h),
                                                           std::forward<Needle>(n),
                                                           flags...}; }

template <typename Haystack, typename Needle>
auto QStringTokenizerBase<Haystack, Needle>::next(tokenizer_state state) const noexcept -> next_result
{
    while (true) {
        if (state.end < 0) {
            // already at end:
            return {{}, false, state};
        }
        state.end = m_haystack.indexOf(m_needle, state.start + state.extra, m_cs);
        Haystack result;
        if (state.end >= 0) {
            // token separator found => return intermediate element:
            result = m_haystack.sliced(state.start, state.end - state.start);
            const auto ns = QtPrivate::Tok::size(m_needle);
            state.start = state.end + ns;
            state.extra = (ns == 0 ? 1 : 0);
        } else {
            // token separator not found => return final element:
            result = m_haystack.sliced(state.start);
        }
        if ((m_sb & Qt::SkipEmptyParts) && result.isEmpty())
            continue;
        return {result, true, state};
    }
}

QT_END_NAMESPACE

#endif /* QSTRINGTOKENIZER_H */