summaryrefslogtreecommitdiffstats
path: root/src/corelib/io/qprocess.cpp
blob: 4500467ac2781da41fb1715c339e1caaeea79bf1 (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
1370
1371
1372
1373
1374
1375
1376
1377
1378
1379
1380
1381
1382
1383
1384
1385
1386
1387
1388
1389
1390
1391
1392
1393
1394
1395
1396
1397
1398
1399
1400
1401
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406
1407
1408
1409
1410
1411
1412
1413
1414
1415
1416
1417
1418
1419
1420
1421
1422
1423
1424
1425
1426
1427
1428
1429
1430
1431
1432
1433
1434
1435
1436
1437
1438
1439
1440
1441
1442
1443
1444
1445
1446
1447
1448
1449
1450
1451
1452
1453
1454
1455
1456
1457
1458
1459
1460
1461
1462
1463
1464
1465
1466
1467
1468
1469
1470
1471
1472
1473
1474
1475
1476
1477
1478
1479
1480
1481
1482
1483
1484
1485
1486
1487
1488
1489
1490
1491
1492
1493
1494
1495
1496
1497
1498
1499
1500
1501
1502
1503
1504
1505
1506
1507
1508
1509
1510
1511
1512
1513
1514
1515
1516
1517
1518
1519
1520
1521
1522
1523
1524
1525
1526
1527
1528
1529
1530
1531
1532
1533
1534
1535
1536
1537
1538
1539
1540
1541
1542
1543
1544
1545
1546
1547
1548
1549
1550
1551
1552
1553
1554
1555
1556
1557
1558
1559
1560
1561
1562
1563
1564
1565
1566
1567
1568
1569
1570
1571
1572
1573
1574
1575
1576
1577
1578
1579
1580
1581
1582
1583
1584
1585
1586
1587
1588
1589
1590
1591
1592
1593
1594
1595
1596
1597
1598
1599
1600
1601
1602
1603
1604
1605
1606
1607
1608
1609
1610
1611
1612
1613
1614
1615
1616
1617
1618
1619
1620
1621
1622
1623
1624
1625
1626
1627
1628
1629
1630
1631
1632
1633
1634
1635
1636
1637
1638
1639
1640
1641
1642
1643
1644
1645
1646
1647
1648
1649
1650
1651
1652
1653
1654
1655
1656
1657
1658
1659
1660
1661
1662
1663
1664
1665
1666
1667
1668
1669
1670
1671
1672
1673
1674
1675
1676
1677
1678
1679
1680
1681
1682
1683
1684
1685
1686
1687
1688
1689
1690
1691
1692
1693
1694
1695
1696
1697
1698
1699
1700
1701
1702
1703
1704
1705
1706
1707
1708
1709
1710
1711
1712
1713
1714
1715
1716
1717
1718
1719
1720
1721
1722
1723
1724
1725
1726
1727
1728
1729
1730
1731
1732
1733
1734
1735
1736
1737
1738
1739
1740
1741
1742
1743
1744
1745
1746
1747
1748
1749
1750
1751
1752
1753
1754
1755
1756
1757
1758
1759
1760
1761
1762
1763
1764
1765
1766
1767
1768
1769
1770
1771
1772
1773
1774
1775
1776
1777
1778
1779
1780
1781
1782
1783
1784
1785
1786
1787
1788
1789
1790
1791
1792
1793
1794
1795
1796
1797
1798
1799
1800
1801
1802
1803
1804
1805
1806
1807
1808
1809
1810
1811
1812
1813
1814
1815
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820
1821
1822
1823
1824
1825
1826
1827
1828
1829
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834
1835
1836
1837
1838
1839
1840
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
2040
2041
2042
2043
2044
2045
2046
2047
2048
2049
2050
2051
2052
2053
2054
2055
2056
2057
2058
2059
2060
2061
2062
2063
2064
2065
2066
2067
2068
2069
2070
2071
2072
2073
2074
2075
2076
2077
2078
2079
2080
2081
2082
2083
2084
2085
2086
2087
2088
2089
2090
2091
2092
2093
2094
2095
2096
2097
2098
2099
2100
2101
2102
2103
2104
2105
2106
2107
2108
2109
2110
2111
2112
2113
2114
2115
2116
2117
2118
2119
2120
2121
2122
2123
2124
2125
2126
2127
2128
2129
2130
2131
2132
2133
2134
2135
2136
2137
2138
2139
2140
2141
2142
2143
2144
2145
2146
2147
2148
2149
2150
2151
2152
2153
2154
2155
2156
2157
2158
2159
2160
2161
2162
2163
2164
2165
2166
2167
2168
2169
2170
2171
2172
2173
2174
2175
2176
2177
2178
2179
2180
2181
2182
2183
2184
2185
2186
2187
2188
2189
2190
2191
2192
2193
2194
2195
2196
2197
2198
2199
2200
2201
2202
2203
2204
2205
2206
2207
2208
2209
2210
2211
2212
2213
2214
2215
2216
2217
2218
2219
2220
2221
2222
2223
2224
2225
2226
2227
2228
2229
2230
2231
2232
2233
2234
2235
2236
2237
2238
2239
2240
2241
2242
2243
2244
2245
2246
2247
2248
2249
2250
2251
2252
2253
2254
2255
2256
2257
2258
2259
2260
2261
2262
2263
2264
2265
2266
2267
2268
2269
2270
2271
2272
2273
2274
2275
2276
2277
2278
2279
2280
2281
2282
2283
2284
2285
2286
2287
2288
2289
2290
2291
2292
2293
2294
2295
2296
2297
2298
2299
2300
2301
2302
2303
2304
2305
2306
2307
2308
2309
2310
2311
2312
2313
2314
2315
2316
2317
2318
2319
2320
2321
2322
2323
2324
2325
2326
2327
2328
2329
2330
2331
2332
2333
2334
2335
2336
2337
2338
2339
2340
2341
2342
2343
2344
2345
2346
2347
2348
2349
2350
2351
2352
2353
2354
2355
2356
2357
2358
2359
2360
2361
2362
2363
2364
2365
2366
2367
2368
2369
2370
2371
2372
2373
2374
2375
2376
2377
2378
2379
2380
2381
2382
2383
2384
2385
2386
2387
2388
2389
2390
2391
2392
2393
2394
2395
2396
2397
2398
2399
2400
2401
2402
2403
2404
2405
2406
2407
2408
2409
2410
2411
2412
2413
2414
2415
2416
2417
2418
2419
2420
2421
2422
2423
2424
2425
2426
2427
2428
2429
2430
2431
2432
2433
2434
2435
2436
2437
2438
2439
2440
2441
2442
2443
2444
2445
2446
2447
2448
2449
2450
2451
2452
2453
2454
2455
2456
2457
2458
2459
2460
2461
2462
2463
2464
2465
2466
2467
2468
2469
2470
2471
2472
2473
2474
2475
2476
2477
2478
2479
2480
2481
2482
2483
2484
2485
2486
2487
2488
2489
2490
2491
2492
2493
2494
2495
2496
2497
2498
2499
2500
2501
2502
2503
2504
2505
2506
2507
2508
2509
2510
2511
2512
2513
2514
2515
2516
2517
2518
2519
2520
2521
2522
2523
2524
2525
2526
2527
2528
2529
2530
2531
2532
2533
2534
2535
2536
2537
2538
2539
2540
2541
2542
2543
2544
2545
2546
2547
2548
2549
2550
2551
2552
2553
2554
2555
2556
2557
2558
2559
2560
2561
2562
2563
2564
2565
2566
2567
2568
2569
2570
2571
2572
2573
2574
2575
2576
2577
2578
2579
2580
2581
2582
2583
2584
2585
2586
2587
2588
2589
2590
2591
2592
2593
2594
2595
2596
2597
2598
2599
2600
2601
2602
2603
2604
2605
2606
2607
2608
2609
2610
2611
2612
2613
2614
2615
2616
2617
2618
2619
2620
2621
2622
2623
2624
2625
2626
2627
2628
2629
2630
2631
2632
2633
2634
2635
2636
2637
2638
2639
2640
2641
2642
2643
2644
2645
2646
2647
2648
2649
2650
2651
2652
2653
2654
2655
2656
2657
2658
2659
2660
2661
2662
2663
2664
2665
2666
2667
2668
2669
2670
2671
2672
2673
2674
2675
2676
2677
2678
2679
2680
2681
2682
2683
2684
2685
2686
2687
2688
2689
2690
2691
2692
2693
2694
/****************************************************************************
**
** Copyright (C) 2016 The Qt Company Ltd.
** Copyright (C) 2016 Intel Corporation.
** Contact: https://www.qt.io/licensing/
**
** This file is part of the QtCore module of the Qt Toolkit.
**
** $QT_BEGIN_LICENSE:LGPL$
** Commercial License Usage
** Licensees holding valid commercial Qt licenses may use this file in
** accordance with the commercial license agreement provided with the
** Software or, alternatively, in accordance with the terms contained in
** a written agreement between you and The Qt Company. For licensing terms
** and conditions see https://www.qt.io/terms-conditions. For further
** information use the contact form at https://www.qt.io/contact-us.
**
** GNU Lesser General Public License Usage
** Alternatively, this file may be used under the terms of the GNU Lesser
** General Public License version 3 as published by the Free Software
** Foundation and appearing in the file LICENSE.LGPL3 included in the
** packaging of this file. Please review the following information to
** ensure the GNU Lesser General Public License version 3 requirements
** will be met: https://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-3.0.html.
**
** GNU General Public License Usage
** Alternatively, this file may be used under the terms of the GNU
** General Public License version 2.0 or (at your option) the GNU General
** Public license version 3 or any later version approved by the KDE Free
** Qt Foundation. The licenses are as published by the Free Software
** Foundation and appearing in the file LICENSE.GPL2 and LICENSE.GPL3
** included in the packaging of this file. Please review the following
** information to ensure the GNU General Public License requirements will
** be met: https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-2.0.html and
** https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html.
**
** $QT_END_LICENSE$
**
****************************************************************************/

//#define QPROCESS_DEBUG

#include <qdebug.h>
#include <qdir.h>
#include <qscopedvaluerollback.h>
#if defined(Q_OS_WIN)
#include <qtimer.h>
#endif
#if defined QPROCESS_DEBUG
#include <qstring.h>
#include <ctype.h>

QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
/*
    Returns a human readable representation of the first \a len
    characters in \a data.
*/
static QByteArray qt_prettyDebug(const char *data, int len, int maxSize)
{
    if (!data) return "(null)";
    QByteArray out;
    for (int i = 0; i < len && i < maxSize; ++i) {
        char c = data[i];
        if (isprint(c)) {
            out += c;
        } else switch (c) {
        case '\n': out += "\\n"; break;
        case '\r': out += "\\r"; break;
        case '\t': out += "\\t"; break;
        default:
            char buf[5];
            qsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "\\%3o", c);
            buf[4] = '\0';
            out += QByteArray(buf);
        }
    }

    if (len < maxSize)
        out += "...";

    return out;
}

QT_END_NAMESPACE

#endif

#include "qprocess.h"
#include "qprocess_p.h"

#include <qbytearray.h>
#include <qelapsedtimer.h>
#include <qcoreapplication.h>
#include <qsocketnotifier.h>
#include <qtimer.h>

#ifdef Q_OS_WIN
#include <qwineventnotifier.h>
#else
#include <private/qcore_unix_p.h>
#endif

#if __has_include(<paths.h>)
#include <paths.h>
#endif

QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE

/*!
    \since 5.6

    \macro QT_NO_PROCESS_COMBINED_ARGUMENT_START
    \relates QProcess

    Disables the
    \l {QProcess::start(const QString &, QIODevice::OpenMode)}
    {QProcess::start}() overload taking a single string.
    In most cases where it is used, the user intends for the first argument
    to be treated atomically as per the other overload.

    \sa QProcess::start(const QString &command, QIODevice::OpenMode mode)
*/

/*!
    \class QProcessEnvironment
    \inmodule QtCore

    \brief The QProcessEnvironment class holds the environment variables that
    can be passed to a program.

    \ingroup io
    \ingroup misc
    \ingroup shared
    \reentrant
    \since 4.6

    A process's environment is composed of a set of key=value pairs known as
    environment variables. The QProcessEnvironment class wraps that concept
    and allows easy manipulation of those variables. It's meant to be used
    along with QProcess, to set the environment for child processes. It
    cannot be used to change the current process's environment.

    The environment of the calling process can be obtained using
    QProcessEnvironment::systemEnvironment().

    On Unix systems, the variable names are case-sensitive. Note that the
    Unix environment allows both variable names and contents to contain arbitrary
    binary data (except for the NUL character). QProcessEnvironment will preserve
    such variables, but does not support manipulating variables whose names or
    values cannot be encoded by the current locale settings (see
    QTextCodec::codecForLocale).

    On Windows, the variable names are case-insensitive, but case-preserving.
    QProcessEnvironment behaves accordingly.

    \sa QProcess, QProcess::systemEnvironment(), QProcess::setProcessEnvironment()
*/

QStringList QProcessEnvironmentPrivate::toList() const
{
    QStringList result;
    result.reserve(vars.size());
    for (auto it = vars.cbegin(), end = vars.cend(); it != end; ++it)
        result << nameToString(it.key()) + QLatin1Char('=') + valueToString(it.value());
    return result;
}

QProcessEnvironment QProcessEnvironmentPrivate::fromList(const QStringList &list)
{
    QProcessEnvironment env;
    QStringList::ConstIterator it = list.constBegin(),
                              end = list.constEnd();
    for ( ; it != end; ++it) {
        int pos = it->indexOf(QLatin1Char('='), 1);
        if (pos < 1)
            continue;

        QString value = it->mid(pos + 1);
        QString name = *it;
        name.truncate(pos);
        env.insert(name, value);
    }
    return env;
}

QStringList QProcessEnvironmentPrivate::keys() const
{
    QStringList result;
    result.reserve(vars.size());
    auto it = vars.constBegin();
    const auto end = vars.constEnd();
    for ( ; it != end; ++it)
        result << nameToString(it.key());
    return result;
}

void QProcessEnvironmentPrivate::insert(const QProcessEnvironmentPrivate &other)
{
    auto it = other.vars.constBegin();
    const auto end = other.vars.constEnd();
    for ( ; it != end; ++it)
        vars.insert(it.key(), it.value());

#ifdef Q_OS_UNIX
    const OrderedNameMapMutexLocker locker(this, &other);
    auto nit = other.nameMap.constBegin();
    const auto nend = other.nameMap.constEnd();
    for ( ; nit != nend; ++nit)
        nameMap.insert(nit.key(), nit.value());
#endif
}

/*!
    Creates a new QProcessEnvironment object. This constructor creates an
    empty environment. If set on a QProcess, this will cause the current
    environment variables to be removed.
*/
QProcessEnvironment::QProcessEnvironment()
    : d(nullptr)
{
}

/*!
    Frees the resources associated with this QProcessEnvironment object.
*/
QProcessEnvironment::~QProcessEnvironment()
{
}

/*!
    Creates a QProcessEnvironment object that is a copy of \a other.
*/
QProcessEnvironment::QProcessEnvironment(const QProcessEnvironment &other)
    : d(other.d)
{
}

/*!
    Copies the contents of the \a other QProcessEnvironment object into this
    one.
*/
QProcessEnvironment &QProcessEnvironment::operator=(const QProcessEnvironment &other)
{
    d = other.d;
    return *this;
}

/*!
    \fn void QProcessEnvironment::swap(QProcessEnvironment &other)
    \since 5.0

    Swaps this process environment instance with \a other. This
    function is very fast and never fails.
*/

/*!
    \fn bool QProcessEnvironment::operator !=(const QProcessEnvironment &other) const

    Returns \c true if this and the \a other QProcessEnvironment objects are different.

    \sa operator==()
*/

/*!
    Returns \c true if this and the \a other QProcessEnvironment objects are equal.

    Two QProcessEnvironment objects are considered equal if they have the same
    set of key=value pairs. The comparison of keys is done case-sensitive on
    platforms where the environment is case-sensitive.

    \sa operator!=(), contains()
*/
bool QProcessEnvironment::operator==(const QProcessEnvironment &other) const
{
    if (d == other.d)
        return true;
    if (d) {
        if (other.d) {
            return d->vars == other.d->vars;
        } else {
            return isEmpty();
        }
    } else {
        return other.isEmpty();
    }
}

/*!
    Returns \c true if this QProcessEnvironment object is empty: that is
    there are no key=value pairs set.

    \sa clear(), systemEnvironment(), insert()
*/
bool QProcessEnvironment::isEmpty() const
{
    // Needs no locking, as no hash nodes are accessed
    return d ? d->vars.isEmpty() : true;
}

/*!
    Removes all key=value pairs from this QProcessEnvironment object, making
    it empty.

    \sa isEmpty(), systemEnvironment()
*/
void QProcessEnvironment::clear()
{
    if (d)
        d->vars.clear();
    // Unix: Don't clear d->nameMap, as the environment is likely to be
    // re-populated with the same keys again.
}

/*!
    Returns \c true if the environment variable of name \a name is found in
    this QProcessEnvironment object.


    \sa insert(), value()
*/
bool QProcessEnvironment::contains(const QString &name) const
{
    if (!d)
        return false;
    return d->vars.contains(d->prepareName(name));
}

/*!
    Inserts the environment variable of name \a name and contents \a value
    into this QProcessEnvironment object. If that variable already existed,
    it is replaced by the new value.

    On most systems, inserting a variable with no contents will have the
    same effect for applications as if the variable had not been set at all.
    However, to guarantee that there are no incompatibilities, to remove a
    variable, please use the remove() function.

    \sa contains(), remove(), value()
*/
void QProcessEnvironment::insert(const QString &name, const QString &value)
{
    // our re-impl of detach() detaches from null
    d.detach(); // detach before prepareName()
    d->vars.insert(d->prepareName(name), d->prepareValue(value));
}

/*!
    Removes the environment variable identified by \a name from this
    QProcessEnvironment object. If that variable did not exist before,
    nothing happens.


    \sa contains(), insert(), value()
*/
void QProcessEnvironment::remove(const QString &name)
{
    if (d) {
        d.detach(); // detach before prepareName()
        d->vars.remove(d->prepareName(name));
    }
}

/*!
    Searches this QProcessEnvironment object for a variable identified by
    \a name and returns its value. If the variable is not found in this object,
    then \a defaultValue is returned instead.

    \sa contains(), insert(), remove()
*/
QString QProcessEnvironment::value(const QString &name, const QString &defaultValue) const
{
    if (!d)
        return defaultValue;

    const auto it = d->vars.constFind(d->prepareName(name));
    if (it == d->vars.constEnd())
        return defaultValue;

    return d->valueToString(it.value());
}

/*!
    Converts this QProcessEnvironment object into a list of strings, one for
    each environment variable that is set. The environment variable's name
    and its value are separated by an equal character ('=').

    The QStringList contents returned by this function are suitable for
    presentation.
    Use with the QProcess::setEnvironment function is not recommended due to
    potential encoding problems under Unix, and worse performance.

    \sa systemEnvironment(), QProcess::systemEnvironment(),
        QProcess::setProcessEnvironment()
*/
QStringList QProcessEnvironment::toStringList() const
{
    if (!d)
        return QStringList();
    return d->toList();
}

/*!
    \since 4.8

    Returns a list containing all the variable names in this QProcessEnvironment
    object.
*/
QStringList QProcessEnvironment::keys() const
{
    if (!d)
        return QStringList();
    return d->keys();
}

/*!
    \overload
    \since 4.8

    Inserts the contents of \a e in this QProcessEnvironment object. Variables in
    this object that also exist in \a e will be overwritten.
*/
void QProcessEnvironment::insert(const QProcessEnvironment &e)
{
    if (!e.d)
        return;

    // our re-impl of detach() detaches from null
    d->insert(*e.d);
}

#if QT_CONFIG(process)

void QProcessPrivate::Channel::clear()
{
    switch (type) {
    case PipeSource:
        Q_ASSERT(process);
        process->stdinChannel.type = Normal;
        process->stdinChannel.process = nullptr;
        break;
    case PipeSink:
        Q_ASSERT(process);
        process->stdoutChannel.type = Normal;
        process->stdoutChannel.process = nullptr;
        break;
    }

    type = Normal;
    file.clear();
    process = nullptr;
}

/*!
    \class QProcess
    \inmodule QtCore

    \brief The QProcess class is used to start external programs and
    to communicate with them.

    \ingroup io

    \reentrant

    \section1 Running a Process

    To start a process, pass the name and command line arguments of
    the program you want to run as arguments to start(). Arguments
    are supplied as individual strings in a QStringList.

    Alternatively, you can set the program to run with setProgram()
    and setArguments(), and then call start() or open().

    For example, the following code snippet runs the analog clock
    example in the Fusion style on X11 platforms by passing strings
    containing "-style" and "fusion" as two items in the list of
    arguments:

    \snippet qprocess/qprocess-simpleexecution.cpp 0
    \dots
    \snippet qprocess/qprocess-simpleexecution.cpp 1
    \snippet qprocess/qprocess-simpleexecution.cpp 2

    QProcess then enters the \l Starting state, and when the program
    has started, QProcess enters the \l Running state and emits
    started().

    QProcess allows you to treat a process as a sequential I/O
    device. You can write to and read from the process just as you
    would access a network connection using QTcpSocket. You can then
    write to the process's standard input by calling write(), and
    read the standard output by calling read(), readLine(), and
    getChar(). Because it inherits QIODevice, QProcess can also be
    used as an input source for QXmlReader, or for generating data to
    be uploaded using QNetworkAccessManager.

    When the process exits, QProcess reenters the \l NotRunning state
    (the initial state), and emits finished().

    The finished() signal provides the exit code and exit status of
    the process as arguments, and you can also call exitCode() to
    obtain the exit code of the last process that finished, and
    exitStatus() to obtain its exit status. If an error occurs at
    any point in time, QProcess will emit the errorOccurred() signal.
    You can also call error() to find the type of error that occurred
    last, and state() to find the current process state.

    \note QProcess is not supported on VxWorks, iOS, tvOS, watchOS,
    or the Universal Windows Platform.

    \section1 Communicating via Channels

    Processes have two predefined output channels: The standard
    output channel (\c stdout) supplies regular console output, and
    the standard error channel (\c stderr) usually supplies the
    errors that are printed by the process. These channels represent
    two separate streams of data. You can toggle between them by
    calling setReadChannel(). QProcess emits readyRead() when data is
    available on the current read channel. It also emits
    readyReadStandardOutput() when new standard output data is
    available, and when new standard error data is available,
    readyReadStandardError() is emitted. Instead of calling read(),
    readLine(), or getChar(), you can explicitly read all data from
    either of the two channels by calling readAllStandardOutput() or
    readAllStandardError().

    The terminology for the channels can be misleading. Be aware that
    the process's output channels correspond to QProcess's
    \e read channels, whereas the process's input channels correspond
    to QProcess's \e write channels. This is because what we read
    using QProcess is the process's output, and what we write becomes
    the process's input.

    QProcess can merge the two output channels, so that standard
    output and standard error data from the running process both use
    the standard output channel. Call setProcessChannelMode() with
    MergedChannels before starting the process to activate
    this feature. You also have the option of forwarding the output of
    the running process to the calling, main process, by passing
    ForwardedChannels as the argument. It is also possible to forward
    only one of the output channels - typically one would use
    ForwardedErrorChannel, but ForwardedOutputChannel also exists.
    Note that using channel forwarding is typically a bad idea in GUI
    applications - you should present errors graphically instead.

    Certain processes need special environment settings in order to
    operate. You can set environment variables for your process by
    calling setProcessEnvironment(). To set a working directory, call
    setWorkingDirectory(). By default, processes are run in the
    current working directory of the calling process.

    The positioning and the screen Z-order of windows belonging to
    GUI applications started with QProcess are controlled by
    the underlying windowing system. For Qt 5 applications, the
    positioning can be specified using the \c{-qwindowgeometry}
    command line option; X11 applications generally accept a
    \c{-geometry} command line option.

    \note On QNX, setting the working directory may cause all
    application threads, with the exception of the QProcess caller
    thread, to temporarily freeze during the spawning process,
    owing to a limitation in the operating system.

    \section1 Synchronous Process API

    QProcess provides a set of functions which allow it to be used
    without an event loop, by suspending the calling thread until
    certain signals are emitted:

    \list
    \li waitForStarted() blocks until the process has started.

    \li waitForReadyRead() blocks until new data is
    available for reading on the current read channel.

    \li waitForBytesWritten() blocks until one payload of
    data has been written to the process.

    \li waitForFinished() blocks until the process has finished.
    \endlist

    Calling these functions from the main thread (the thread that
    calls QApplication::exec()) may cause your user interface to
    freeze.

    The following example runs \c gzip to compress the string "Qt
    rocks!", without an event loop:

    \snippet process/process.cpp 0

    \section1 Notes for Windows Users

    Some Windows commands (for example, \c dir) are not provided by
    separate applications, but by the command interpreter itself.
    If you attempt to use QProcess to execute these commands directly,
    it won't work. One possible solution is to execute the command
    interpreter itself (\c{cmd.exe} on some Windows systems), and ask
    the interpreter to execute the desired command.

    \sa QBuffer, QFile, QTcpSocket
*/

/*!
    \enum QProcess::ProcessChannel

    This enum describes the process channels used by the running process.
    Pass one of these values to setReadChannel() to set the
    current read channel of QProcess.

    \value StandardOutput The standard output (stdout) of the running
           process.

    \value StandardError The standard error (stderr) of the running
           process.

    \sa setReadChannel()
*/

/*!
    \enum QProcess::ProcessChannelMode

    This enum describes the process output channel modes of QProcess.
    Pass one of these values to setProcessChannelMode() to set the
    current read channel mode.

    \value SeparateChannels QProcess manages the output of the
    running process, keeping standard output and standard error data
    in separate internal buffers. You can select the QProcess's
    current read channel by calling setReadChannel(). This is the
    default channel mode of QProcess.

    \value MergedChannels QProcess merges the output of the running
    process into the standard output channel (\c stdout). The
    standard error channel (\c stderr) will not receive any data. The
    standard output and standard error data of the running process
    are interleaved.

    \value ForwardedChannels QProcess forwards the output of the
    running process onto the main process. Anything the child process
    writes to its standard output and standard error will be written
    to the standard output and standard error of the main process.

    \value ForwardedErrorChannel QProcess manages the standard output
    of the running process, but forwards its standard error onto the
    main process. This reflects the typical use of command line tools
    as filters, where the standard output is redirected to another
    process or a file, while standard error is printed to the console
    for diagnostic purposes.
    (This value was introduced in Qt 5.2.)

    \value ForwardedOutputChannel Complementary to ForwardedErrorChannel.
    (This value was introduced in Qt 5.2.)

    \note Windows intentionally suppresses output from GUI-only
    applications to inherited consoles.
    This does \e not apply to output redirected to files or pipes.
    To forward the output of GUI-only applications on the console
    nonetheless, you must use SeparateChannels and do the forwarding
    yourself by reading the output and writing it to the appropriate
    output channels.

    \sa setProcessChannelMode()
*/

/*!
    \enum QProcess::InputChannelMode
    \since 5.2

    This enum describes the process input channel modes of QProcess.
    Pass one of these values to setInputChannelMode() to set the
    current write channel mode.

    \value ManagedInputChannel QProcess manages the input of the running
    process. This is the default input channel mode of QProcess.

    \value ForwardedInputChannel QProcess forwards the input of the main
    process onto the running process. The child process reads its standard
    input from the same source as the main process.
    Note that the main process must not try to read its standard input
    while the child process is running.

    \sa setInputChannelMode()
*/

/*!
    \enum QProcess::ProcessError

    This enum describes the different types of errors that are
    reported by QProcess.

    \value FailedToStart The process failed to start. Either the
    invoked program is missing, or you may have insufficient
    permissions to invoke the program.

    \value Crashed The process crashed some time after starting
    successfully.

    \value Timedout The last waitFor...() function timed out. The
    state of QProcess is unchanged, and you can try calling
    waitFor...() again.

    \value WriteError An error occurred when attempting to write to the
    process. For example, the process may not be running, or it may
    have closed its input channel.

    \value ReadError An error occurred when attempting to read from
    the process. For example, the process may not be running.

    \value UnknownError An unknown error occurred. This is the default
    return value of error().

    \sa error()
*/

/*!
    \enum QProcess::ProcessState

    This enum describes the different states of QProcess.

    \value NotRunning The process is not running.

    \value Starting The process is starting, but the program has not
    yet been invoked.

    \value Running The process is running and is ready for reading and
    writing.

    \sa state()
*/

/*!
    \enum QProcess::ExitStatus

    This enum describes the different exit statuses of QProcess.

    \value NormalExit The process exited normally.

    \value CrashExit The process crashed.

    \sa exitStatus()
*/

/*!
    \typedef QProcess::CreateProcessArgumentModifier
    \note This typedef is only available on desktop Windows.

    On Windows, QProcess uses the Win32 API function \c CreateProcess to
    start child processes. While QProcess provides a comfortable way to start
    processes without worrying about platform
    details, it is in some cases desirable to fine-tune the parameters that are
    passed to \c CreateProcess. This is done by defining a
    \c CreateProcessArgumentModifier function and passing it to
    \c setCreateProcessArgumentsModifier.

    A \c CreateProcessArgumentModifier function takes one parameter: a pointer
    to a \c CreateProcessArguments struct. The members of this struct will be
    passed to \c CreateProcess after the \c CreateProcessArgumentModifier
    function is called.

    The following example demonstrates how to pass custom flags to
    \c CreateProcess.
    When starting a console process B from a console process A, QProcess will
    reuse the console window of process A for process B by default. In this
    example, a new console window with a custom color scheme is created for the
    child process B instead.

    \snippet qprocess/qprocess-createprocessargumentsmodifier.cpp 0

    \sa QProcess::CreateProcessArguments
    \sa setCreateProcessArgumentsModifier()
*/

/*!
    \class QProcess::CreateProcessArguments
    \inmodule QtCore
    \note This struct is only available on the Windows platform.

    This struct is a representation of all parameters of the Windows API
    function \c CreateProcess. It is used as parameter for
    \c CreateProcessArgumentModifier functions.

    \sa QProcess::CreateProcessArgumentModifier
*/

/*!
    \fn void QProcess::error(QProcess::ProcessError error)
    \obsolete

    Use errorOccurred() instead.
*/

/*!
    \fn void QProcess::errorOccurred(QProcess::ProcessError error)
    \since 5.6

    This signal is emitted when an error occurs with the process. The
    specified \a error describes the type of error that occurred.
*/

/*!
    \fn void QProcess::started()

    This signal is emitted by QProcess when the process has started,
    and state() returns \l Running.
*/

/*!
    \fn void QProcess::stateChanged(QProcess::ProcessState newState)

    This signal is emitted whenever the state of QProcess changes. The
    \a newState argument is the state QProcess changed to.
*/

#if QT_DEPRECATED_SINCE(5, 13)
/*!
    \fn void QProcess::finished(int exitCode)
    \obsolete
    \overload

    Use finished(int exitCode, QProcess::ExitStatus status) instead.
*/
#endif

/*!
    \fn void QProcess::finished(int exitCode, QProcess::ExitStatus exitStatus)

    This signal is emitted when the process finishes. \a exitCode is the exit
    code of the process (only valid for normal exits), and \a exitStatus is
    the exit status.
    After the process has finished, the buffers in QProcess are still intact.
    You can still read any data that the process may have written before it
    finished.

    \sa exitStatus()
*/

/*!
    \fn void QProcess::readyReadStandardOutput()

    This signal is emitted when the process has made new data
    available through its standard output channel (\c stdout). It is
    emitted regardless of the current \l{readChannel()}{read channel}.

    \sa readAllStandardOutput(), readChannel()
*/

/*!
    \fn void QProcess::readyReadStandardError()

    This signal is emitted when the process has made new data
    available through its standard error channel (\c stderr). It is
    emitted regardless of the current \l{readChannel()}{read
    channel}.

    \sa readAllStandardError(), readChannel()
*/

/*!
    \internal
*/
QProcessPrivate::QProcessPrivate()
{
    readBufferChunkSize = QRINGBUFFER_CHUNKSIZE;
    writeBufferChunkSize = QRINGBUFFER_CHUNKSIZE;
    processChannelMode = QProcess::SeparateChannels;
    inputChannelMode = QProcess::ManagedInputChannel;
    processError = QProcess::UnknownError;
    processState = QProcess::NotRunning;
    pid = 0;
    sequenceNumber = 0;
    exitCode = 0;
    exitStatus = QProcess::NormalExit;
    startupSocketNotifier = nullptr;
    deathNotifier = nullptr;
    childStartedPipe[0] = INVALID_Q_PIPE;
    childStartedPipe[1] = INVALID_Q_PIPE;
    forkfd = -1;
    crashed = false;
    dying = false;
    emittedReadyRead = false;
    emittedBytesWritten = false;
#ifdef Q_OS_WIN
    stdinWriteTrigger = 0;
    processFinishedNotifier = 0;
#endif // Q_OS_WIN
}

/*!
    \internal
*/
QProcessPrivate::~QProcessPrivate()
{
    if (stdinChannel.process)
        stdinChannel.process->stdoutChannel.clear();
    if (stdoutChannel.process)
        stdoutChannel.process->stdinChannel.clear();
}

/*!
    \internal
*/
void QProcessPrivate::cleanup()
{
    q_func()->setProcessState(QProcess::NotRunning);
#ifdef Q_OS_WIN
    if (pid) {
        CloseHandle(pid->hThread);
        CloseHandle(pid->hProcess);
        delete pid;
        pid = 0;
    }
    if (stdinWriteTrigger) {
        delete stdinWriteTrigger;
        stdinWriteTrigger = 0;
    }
    if (processFinishedNotifier) {
        delete processFinishedNotifier;
        processFinishedNotifier = 0;
    }

#endif
    pid = 0;
    sequenceNumber = 0;
    dying = false;

    if (stdoutChannel.notifier) {
        delete stdoutChannel.notifier;
        stdoutChannel.notifier = nullptr;
    }
    if (stderrChannel.notifier) {
        delete stderrChannel.notifier;
        stderrChannel.notifier = nullptr;
    }
    if (stdinChannel.notifier) {
        delete stdinChannel.notifier;
        stdinChannel.notifier = nullptr;
    }
    if (startupSocketNotifier) {
        delete startupSocketNotifier;
        startupSocketNotifier = nullptr;
    }
    if (deathNotifier) {
        delete deathNotifier;
        deathNotifier = nullptr;
    }
    closeChannel(&stdoutChannel);
    closeChannel(&stderrChannel);
    closeChannel(&stdinChannel);
    destroyPipe(childStartedPipe);
#ifdef Q_OS_UNIX
    if (forkfd != -1)
        qt_safe_close(forkfd);
    forkfd = -1;
#endif
}

/*!
    \internal
*/
void QProcessPrivate::setError(QProcess::ProcessError error, const QString &description)
{
    processError = error;
    if (description.isEmpty()) {
        switch (error) {
        case QProcess::FailedToStart:
            errorString = QProcess::tr("Process failed to start");
            break;
        case QProcess::Crashed:
            errorString = QProcess::tr("Process crashed");
            break;
        case QProcess::Timedout:
            errorString = QProcess::tr("Process operation timed out");
            break;
        case QProcess::ReadError:
            errorString = QProcess::tr("Error reading from process");
            break;
        case QProcess::WriteError:
            errorString = QProcess::tr("Error writing to process");
            break;
        case QProcess::UnknownError:
            errorString.clear();
            break;
        }
    } else {
        errorString = description;
    }
}

/*!
    \internal
*/
void QProcessPrivate::setErrorAndEmit(QProcess::ProcessError error, const QString &description)
{
    Q_Q(QProcess);
    Q_ASSERT(error != QProcess::UnknownError);
    setError(error, description);
    emit q->errorOccurred(processError);
#if QT_DEPRECATED_SINCE(5, 6)
QT_WARNING_PUSH
QT_WARNING_DISABLE_DEPRECATED
    emit q->error(processError);
QT_WARNING_POP
#endif
}

/*!
    \internal
    Returns \c true if we emitted readyRead().
*/
bool QProcessPrivate::tryReadFromChannel(Channel *channel)
{
    Q_Q(QProcess);
    if (channel->pipe[0] == INVALID_Q_PIPE)
        return false;

    qint64 available = bytesAvailableInChannel(channel);
    if (available == 0)
        available = 1;      // always try to read at least one byte

    QProcess::ProcessChannel channelIdx = (channel == &stdoutChannel
                                           ? QProcess::StandardOutput
                                           : QProcess::StandardError);
    Q_ASSERT(readBuffers.size() > int(channelIdx));
    QRingBuffer &readBuffer = readBuffers[int(channelIdx)];
    char *ptr = readBuffer.reserve(available);
    qint64 readBytes = readFromChannel(channel, ptr, available);
    if (readBytes <= 0)
        readBuffer.chop(available);
    if (readBytes == -2) {
        // EWOULDBLOCK
        return false;
    }
    if (readBytes == -1) {
        setErrorAndEmit(QProcess::ReadError);
#if defined QPROCESS_DEBUG
        qDebug("QProcessPrivate::tryReadFromChannel(%d), failed to read from the process",
               int(channel - &stdinChannel));
#endif
        return false;
    }
    if (readBytes == 0) {
        // EOF
        if (channel->notifier)
            channel->notifier->setEnabled(false);
        closeChannel(channel);
#if defined QPROCESS_DEBUG
        qDebug("QProcessPrivate::tryReadFromChannel(%d), 0 bytes available",
               int(channel - &stdinChannel));
#endif
        return false;
    }
#if defined QPROCESS_DEBUG
    qDebug("QProcessPrivate::tryReadFromChannel(%d), read %d bytes from the process' output",
           int(channel - &stdinChannel), int(readBytes));
#endif

    if (channel->closed) {
        readBuffer.chop(readBytes);
        return false;
    }

    readBuffer.chop(available - readBytes);

    bool didRead = false;
    if (currentReadChannel == channelIdx) {
        didRead = true;
        if (!emittedReadyRead) {
            QScopedValueRollback<bool> guard(emittedReadyRead, true);
            emit q->readyRead();
        }
    }
    emit q->channelReadyRead(int(channelIdx));
    if (channelIdx == QProcess::StandardOutput)
        emit q->readyReadStandardOutput(QProcess::QPrivateSignal());
    else
        emit q->readyReadStandardError(QProcess::QPrivateSignal());
    return didRead;
}

/*!
    \internal
*/
bool QProcessPrivate::_q_canReadStandardOutput()
{
    return tryReadFromChannel(&stdoutChannel);
}

/*!
    \internal
*/
bool QProcessPrivate::_q_canReadStandardError()
{
    return tryReadFromChannel(&stderrChannel);
}

/*!
    \internal
*/
bool QProcessPrivate::_q_canWrite()
{
    if (writeBuffer.isEmpty()) {
        if (stdinChannel.notifier)
            stdinChannel.notifier->setEnabled(false);
#if defined QPROCESS_DEBUG
        qDebug("QProcessPrivate::canWrite(), not writing anything (empty write buffer).");
#endif
        return false;
    }

    const bool writeSucceeded = writeToStdin();

    if (writeBuffer.isEmpty() && stdinChannel.closed)
        closeWriteChannel();
    else if (stdinChannel.notifier)
        stdinChannel.notifier->setEnabled(!writeBuffer.isEmpty());
    return writeSucceeded;
}

/*!
    \internal
*/
bool QProcessPrivate::_q_processDied()
{
    Q_Q(QProcess);
#if defined QPROCESS_DEBUG
    qDebug("QProcessPrivate::_q_processDied()");
#endif
#ifdef Q_OS_UNIX
    if (!waitForDeadChild())
        return false;
#endif
#ifdef Q_OS_WIN
    if (processFinishedNotifier)
        processFinishedNotifier->setEnabled(false);
    drainOutputPipes();
#endif

    // the process may have died before it got a chance to report that it was
    // either running or stopped, so we will call _q_startupNotification() and
    // give it a chance to emit started() or errorOccurred(FailedToStart).
    if (processState == QProcess::Starting) {
        if (!_q_startupNotification())
            return true;
    }

    if (dying) {
        // at this point we know the process is dead. prevent
        // reentering this slot recursively by calling waitForFinished()
        // or opening a dialog inside slots connected to the readyRead
        // signals emitted below.
        return true;
    }
    dying = true;

    // in case there is data in the pipe line and this slot by chance
    // got called before the read notifications, call these two slots
    // so the data is made available before the process dies.
    _q_canReadStandardOutput();
    _q_canReadStandardError();

    findExitCode();

    if (crashed) {
        exitStatus = QProcess::CrashExit;
        setErrorAndEmit(QProcess::Crashed);
    }

    bool wasRunning = (processState == QProcess::Running);

    cleanup();

    if (wasRunning) {
        // we received EOF now:
        emit q->readChannelFinished();
        // in the future:
        //emit q->standardOutputClosed();
        //emit q->standardErrorClosed();

#if QT_DEPRECATED_SINCE(5, 13)
QT_WARNING_PUSH
QT_WARNING_DISABLE_DEPRECATED
        emit q->finished(exitCode);
QT_WARNING_POP
#endif
        emit q->finished(exitCode, exitStatus);
    }
#if defined QPROCESS_DEBUG
    qDebug("QProcessPrivate::_q_processDied() process is dead");
#endif
    return true;
}

/*!
    \internal
*/
bool QProcessPrivate::_q_startupNotification()
{
    Q_Q(QProcess);
#if defined QPROCESS_DEBUG
    qDebug("QProcessPrivate::startupNotification()");
#endif

    if (startupSocketNotifier)
        startupSocketNotifier->setEnabled(false);
    QString errorMessage;
    if (processStarted(&errorMessage)) {
        q->setProcessState(QProcess::Running);
        emit q->started(QProcess::QPrivateSignal());
        return true;
    }

    q->setProcessState(QProcess::NotRunning);
    setErrorAndEmit(QProcess::FailedToStart, errorMessage);
#ifdef Q_OS_UNIX
    // make sure the process manager removes this entry
    waitForDeadChild();
    findExitCode();
#endif
    cleanup();
    return false;
}

/*!
    \internal
*/
void QProcessPrivate::closeWriteChannel()
{
#if defined QPROCESS_DEBUG
    qDebug("QProcessPrivate::closeWriteChannel()");
#endif
    if (stdinChannel.notifier) {
        delete stdinChannel.notifier;
        stdinChannel.notifier = nullptr;
    }
#ifdef Q_OS_WIN
    // ### Find a better fix, feeding the process little by little
    // instead.
    flushPipeWriter();
#endif
    closeChannel(&stdinChannel);
}

/*!
    Constructs a QProcess object with the given \a parent.
*/
QProcess::QProcess(QObject *parent)
    : QIODevice(*new QProcessPrivate, parent)
{
#if defined QPROCESS_DEBUG
    qDebug("QProcess::QProcess(%p)", parent);
#endif
}

/*!
    Destructs the QProcess object, i.e., killing the process.

    Note that this function will not return until the process is
    terminated.
*/
QProcess::~QProcess()
{
    Q_D(QProcess);
    if (d->processState != NotRunning) {
        qWarning().nospace()
            << "QProcess: Destroyed while process (" << QDir::toNativeSeparators(program()) << ") is still running.";
        kill();
        waitForFinished();
    }
#ifdef Q_OS_UNIX
    // make sure the process manager removes this entry
    d->findExitCode();
#endif
    d->cleanup();
}

#if QT_DEPRECATED_SINCE(5, 13)
/*!
    \obsolete
    Returns the read channel mode of the QProcess. This function is
    equivalent to processChannelMode()

    \sa processChannelMode()
*/
QProcess::ProcessChannelMode QProcess::readChannelMode() const
{
    return processChannelMode();
}

/*!
    \obsolete

    Use setProcessChannelMode(\a mode) instead.

    \sa setProcessChannelMode()
*/
void QProcess::setReadChannelMode(ProcessChannelMode mode)
{
    setProcessChannelMode(mode);
}
#endif

/*!
    \since 4.2

    Returns the channel mode of the QProcess standard output and
    standard error channels.

    \sa setProcessChannelMode(), ProcessChannelMode, setReadChannel()
*/
QProcess::ProcessChannelMode QProcess::processChannelMode() const
{
    Q_D(const QProcess);
    return d->processChannelMode;
}

/*!
    \since 4.2

    Sets the channel mode of the QProcess standard output and standard
    error channels to the \a mode specified.
    This mode will be used the next time start() is called. For example:

    \snippet code/src_corelib_io_qprocess.cpp 0

    \sa processChannelMode(), ProcessChannelMode, setReadChannel()
*/
void QProcess::setProcessChannelMode(ProcessChannelMode mode)
{
    Q_D(QProcess);
    d->processChannelMode = mode;
}

/*!
    \since 5.2

    Returns the channel mode of the QProcess standard input channel.

    \sa setInputChannelMode(), InputChannelMode
*/
QProcess::InputChannelMode QProcess::inputChannelMode() const
{
    Q_D(const QProcess);
    return d->inputChannelMode;
}

/*!
    \since 5.2

    Sets the channel mode of the QProcess standard input
    channel to the \a mode specified.
    This mode will be used the next time start() is called.

    \sa inputChannelMode(), InputChannelMode
*/
void QProcess::setInputChannelMode(InputChannelMode mode)
{
    Q_D(QProcess);
    d->inputChannelMode = mode;
}

/*!
    Returns the current read channel of the QProcess.

    \sa setReadChannel()
*/
QProcess::ProcessChannel QProcess::readChannel() const
{
    Q_D(const QProcess);
    return ProcessChannel(d->currentReadChannel);
}

/*!
    Sets the current read channel of the QProcess to the given \a
    channel. The current input channel is used by the functions
    read(), readAll(), readLine(), and getChar(). It also determines
    which channel triggers QProcess to emit readyRead().

    \sa readChannel()
*/
void QProcess::setReadChannel(ProcessChannel channel)
{
    QIODevice::setCurrentReadChannel(int(channel));
}

/*!
    Closes the read channel \a channel. After calling this function,
    QProcess will no longer receive data on the channel. Any data that
    has already been received is still available for reading.

    Call this function to save memory, if you are not interested in
    the output of the process.

    \sa closeWriteChannel(), setReadChannel()
*/
void QProcess::closeReadChannel(ProcessChannel channel)
{
    Q_D(QProcess);

    if (channel == StandardOutput)
        d->stdoutChannel.closed = true;
    else
        d->stderrChannel.closed = true;
}

/*!
    Schedules the write channel of QProcess to be closed. The channel
    will close once all data has been written to the process. After
    calling this function, any attempts to write to the process will
    fail.

    Closing the write channel is necessary for programs that read
    input data until the channel has been closed. For example, the
    program "more" is used to display text data in a console on both
    Unix and Windows. But it will not display the text data until
    QProcess's write channel has been closed. Example:

    \snippet code/src_corelib_io_qprocess.cpp 1

    The write channel is implicitly opened when start() is called.

    \sa closeReadChannel()
*/
void QProcess::closeWriteChannel()
{
    Q_D(QProcess);
    d->stdinChannel.closed = true; // closing
    if (d->writeBuffer.isEmpty())
        d->closeWriteChannel();
}

/*!
    \since 4.2

    Redirects the process' standard input to the file indicated by \a
    fileName. When an input redirection is in place, the QProcess
    object will be in read-only mode (calling write() will result in
    error).

    To make the process read EOF right away, pass nullDevice() here.
    This is cleaner than using closeWriteChannel() before writing any
    data, because it can be set up prior to starting the process.

    If the file \a fileName does not exist at the moment start() is
    called or is not readable, starting the process will fail.

    Calling setStandardInputFile() after the process has started has no
    effect.

    \sa setStandardOutputFile(), setStandardErrorFile(),
        setStandardOutputProcess()
*/
void QProcess::setStandardInputFile(const QString &fileName)
{
    Q_D(QProcess);
    d->stdinChannel = fileName;
}

/*!
    \since 4.2

    Redirects the process' standard output to the file \a
    fileName. When the redirection is in place, the standard output
    read channel is closed: reading from it using read() will always
    fail, as will readAllStandardOutput().

    To discard all standard output from the process, pass nullDevice()
    here. This is more efficient than simply never reading the standard
    output, as no QProcess buffers are filled.

    If the file \a fileName doesn't exist at the moment start() is
    called, it will be created. If it cannot be created, the starting
    will fail.

    If the file exists and \a mode is QIODevice::Truncate, the file
    will be truncated. Otherwise (if \a mode is QIODevice::Append),
    the file will be appended to.

    Calling setStandardOutputFile() after the process has started has
    no effect.

    \sa setStandardInputFile(), setStandardErrorFile(),
        setStandardOutputProcess()
*/
void QProcess::setStandardOutputFile(const QString &fileName, OpenMode mode)
{
    Q_ASSERT(mode == Append || mode == Truncate);
    Q_D(QProcess);

    d->stdoutChannel = fileName;
    d->stdoutChannel.append = mode == Append;
}

/*!
    \since 4.2

    Redirects the process' standard error to the file \a
    fileName. When the redirection is in place, the standard error
    read channel is closed: reading from it using read() will always
    fail, as will readAllStandardError(). The file will be appended to
    if \a mode is Append, otherwise, it will be truncated.

    See setStandardOutputFile() for more information on how the file
    is opened.

    Note: if setProcessChannelMode() was called with an argument of
    QProcess::MergedChannels, this function has no effect.

    \sa setStandardInputFile(), setStandardOutputFile(),
        setStandardOutputProcess()
*/
void QProcess::setStandardErrorFile(const QString &fileName, OpenMode mode)
{
    Q_ASSERT(mode == Append || mode == Truncate);
    Q_D(QProcess);

    d->stderrChannel = fileName;
    d->stderrChannel.append = mode == Append;
}

/*!
    \since 4.2

    Pipes the standard output stream of this process to the \a
    destination process' standard input.

    The following shell command:
    \snippet code/src_corelib_io_qprocess.cpp 2

    Can be accomplished with QProcess with the following code:
    \snippet code/src_corelib_io_qprocess.cpp 3
*/
void QProcess::setStandardOutputProcess(QProcess *destination)
{
    QProcessPrivate *dfrom = d_func();
    QProcessPrivate *dto = destination->d_func();
    dfrom->stdoutChannel.pipeTo(dto);
    dto->stdinChannel.pipeFrom(dfrom);
}

#if defined(Q_OS_WIN) || defined(Q_CLANG_QDOC)

/*!
    \since 4.7

    Returns the additional native command line arguments for the program.

    \note This function is available only on the Windows platform.

    \sa setNativeArguments()
*/
QString QProcess::nativeArguments() const
{
    Q_D(const QProcess);
    return d->nativeArguments;
}

/*!
    \since 4.7
    \overload

    Sets additional native command line \a arguments for the program.

    On operating systems where the system API for passing command line
    \a arguments to a subprocess natively uses a single string, one can
    conceive command lines which cannot be passed via QProcess's portable
    list-based API. In such cases this function must be used to set a
    string which is \e appended to the string composed from the usual
    argument list, with a delimiting space.

    \note This function is available only on the Windows platform.

    \sa nativeArguments()
*/
void QProcess::setNativeArguments(const QString &arguments)
{
    Q_D(QProcess);
    d->nativeArguments = arguments;
}

/*!
    \since 5.7

    Returns a previously set \c CreateProcess modifier function.

    \note This function is available only on the Windows platform.

    \sa setCreateProcessArgumentsModifier()
    \sa QProcess::CreateProcessArgumentModifier
*/
QProcess::CreateProcessArgumentModifier QProcess::createProcessArgumentsModifier() const
{
    Q_D(const QProcess);
    return d->modifyCreateProcessArgs;
}

/*!
    \since 5.7

    Sets the \a modifier for the \c CreateProcess Win32 API call.
    Pass \c QProcess::CreateProcessArgumentModifier() to remove a previously set one.

    \note This function is available only on the Windows platform and requires
    C++11.

    \sa QProcess::CreateProcessArgumentModifier
*/
void QProcess::setCreateProcessArgumentsModifier(CreateProcessArgumentModifier modifier)
{
    Q_D(QProcess);
    d->modifyCreateProcessArgs = modifier;
}

#endif

/*!
    If QProcess has been assigned a working directory, this function returns
    the working directory that the QProcess will enter before the program has
    started. Otherwise, (i.e., no directory has been assigned,) an empty
    string is returned, and QProcess will use the application's current
    working directory instead.

    \sa setWorkingDirectory()
*/
QString QProcess::workingDirectory() const
{
    Q_D(const QProcess);
    return d->workingDirectory;
}

/*!
    Sets the working directory to \a dir. QProcess will start the
    process in this directory. The default behavior is to start the
    process in the working directory of the calling process.

    \note On QNX, this may cause all application threads to
    temporarily freeze.

    \sa workingDirectory(), start()
*/
void QProcess::setWorkingDirectory(const QString &dir)
{
    Q_D(QProcess);
    d->workingDirectory = dir;
}


/*!
    \deprecated
    Use processId() instead.

    Returns the native process identifier for the running process, if
    available.  If no process is currently running, \c 0 is returned.

    \note Unlike \l processId(), pid() returns an integer on Unix and a pointer on Windows.

    \sa Q_PID, processId()
*/
Q_PID QProcess::pid() const // ### Qt 6 remove or rename this method to processInformation()
{
    Q_D(const QProcess);
    return d->pid;
}

/*!
    \since 5.3

    Returns the native process identifier for the running process, if
    available. If no process is currently running, \c 0 is returned.
 */
qint64 QProcess::processId() const
{
    Q_D(const QProcess);
#ifdef Q_OS_WIN
    return d->pid ? d->pid->dwProcessId : 0;
#else
    return d->pid;
#endif
}

/*! \reimp

    This function operates on the current read channel.

    \sa readChannel(), setReadChannel()
*/
bool QProcess::canReadLine() const
{
    return QIODevice::canReadLine();
}

/*!
    Closes all communication with the process and kills it. After calling this
    function, QProcess will no longer emit readyRead(), and data can no
    longer be read or written.
*/
void QProcess::close()
{
    Q_D(QProcess);
    emit aboutToClose();
    while (waitForBytesWritten(-1))
        ;
    kill();
    waitForFinished(-1);
    d->setWriteChannelCount(0);
    QIODevice::close();
}

/*! \reimp

   Returns \c true if the process is not running, and no more data is available
   for reading; otherwise returns \c false.
*/
bool QProcess::atEnd() const
{
    return QIODevice::atEnd();
}

/*! \reimp
*/
bool QProcess::isSequential() const
{
    return true;
}

/*! \reimp
*/
qint64 QProcess::bytesAvailable() const
{
    return QIODevice::bytesAvailable();
}

/*! \reimp
*/
qint64 QProcess::bytesToWrite() const
{
    qint64 size = QIODevice::bytesToWrite();
#ifdef Q_OS_WIN
    size += d_func()->pipeWriterBytesToWrite();
#endif
    return size;
}

/*!
    Returns the type of error that occurred last.

    \sa state()
*/
QProcess::ProcessError QProcess::error() const
{
    Q_D(const QProcess);
    return d->processError;
}

/*!
    Returns the current state of the process.

    \sa stateChanged(), error()
*/
QProcess::ProcessState QProcess::state() const
{
    Q_D(const QProcess);
    return d->processState;
}

/*!
    \deprecated
    Sets the environment that QProcess will pass to the child process.
    The parameter \a environment is a list of key=value pairs.

    For example, the following code adds the environment variable \c{TMPDIR}:

    \snippet qprocess-environment/main.cpp 0

    \note This function is less efficient than the setProcessEnvironment()
    function.

    \sa environment(), setProcessEnvironment(), systemEnvironment()
*/
void QProcess::setEnvironment(const QStringList &environment)
{
    setProcessEnvironment(QProcessEnvironmentPrivate::fromList(environment));
}

/*!
    \deprecated
    Returns the environment that QProcess will pass to its child
    process, or an empty QStringList if no environment has been set
    using setEnvironment(). If no environment has been set, the
    environment of the calling process will be used.

    \sa processEnvironment(), setEnvironment(), systemEnvironment()
*/
QStringList QProcess::environment() const
{
    Q_D(const QProcess);
    return d->environment.toStringList();
}

/*!
    \since 4.6
    Sets the \a environment that QProcess will pass to the child process.

    For example, the following code adds the environment variable \c{TMPDIR}:

    \snippet qprocess-environment/main.cpp 1

    Note how, on Windows, environment variable names are case-insensitive.

    \sa processEnvironment(), QProcessEnvironment::systemEnvironment(), setEnvironment()
*/
void QProcess::setProcessEnvironment(const QProcessEnvironment &environment)
{
    Q_D(QProcess);
    d->environment = environment;
}

/*!
    \since 4.6
    Returns the environment that QProcess will pass to its child
    process, or an empty object if no environment has been set using
    setEnvironment() or setProcessEnvironment(). If no environment has
    been set, the environment of the calling process will be used.

    \sa setProcessEnvironment(), setEnvironment(), QProcessEnvironment::isEmpty()
*/
QProcessEnvironment QProcess::processEnvironment() const
{
    Q_D(const QProcess);
    return d->environment;
}

/*!
    Blocks until the process has started and the started() signal has
    been emitted, or until \a msecs milliseconds have passed.

    Returns \c true if the process was started successfully; otherwise
    returns \c false (if the operation timed out or if an error
    occurred).

    This function can operate without an event loop. It is
    useful when writing non-GUI applications and when performing
    I/O operations in a non-GUI thread.

    \warning Calling this function from the main (GUI) thread
    might cause your user interface to freeze.

    If msecs is -1, this function will not time out.

    \note On some UNIX operating systems, this function may return true but
    the process may later report a QProcess::FailedToStart error.

    \sa started(), waitForReadyRead(), waitForBytesWritten(), waitForFinished()
*/
bool QProcess::waitForStarted(int msecs)
{
    Q_D(QProcess);
    if (d->processState == QProcess::Starting)
        return d->waitForStarted(msecs);

    return d->processState == QProcess::Running;
}

/*! \reimp
*/
bool QProcess::waitForReadyRead(int msecs)
{
    Q_D(QProcess);

    if (d->processState == QProcess::NotRunning)
        return false;
    if (d->currentReadChannel == QProcess::StandardOutput && d->stdoutChannel.closed)
        return false;
    if (d->currentReadChannel == QProcess::StandardError && d->stderrChannel.closed)
        return false;
    return d->waitForReadyRead(msecs);
}

/*! \reimp
*/
bool QProcess::waitForBytesWritten(int msecs)
{
    Q_D(QProcess);
    if (d->processState == QProcess::NotRunning)
        return false;
    if (d->processState == QProcess::Starting) {
        QElapsedTimer stopWatch;
        stopWatch.start();
        bool started = waitForStarted(msecs);
        if (!started)
            return false;
        msecs = qt_subtract_from_timeout(msecs, stopWatch.elapsed());
    }

    return d->waitForBytesWritten(msecs);
}

/*!
    Blocks until the process has finished and the finished() signal
    has been emitted, or until \a msecs milliseconds have passed.

    Returns \c true if the process finished; otherwise returns \c false (if
    the operation timed out, if an error occurred, or if this QProcess
    is already finished).

    This function can operate without an event loop. It is
    useful when writing non-GUI applications and when performing
    I/O operations in a non-GUI thread.

    \warning Calling this function from the main (GUI) thread
    might cause your user interface to freeze.

    If msecs is -1, this function will not time out.

    \sa finished(), waitForStarted(), waitForReadyRead(), waitForBytesWritten()
*/
bool QProcess::waitForFinished(int msecs)
{
    Q_D(QProcess);
    if (d->processState == QProcess::NotRunning)
        return false;
    if (d->processState == QProcess::Starting) {
        QElapsedTimer stopWatch;
        stopWatch.start();
        bool started = waitForStarted(msecs);
        if (!started)
            return false;
        msecs = qt_subtract_from_timeout(msecs, stopWatch.elapsed());
    }

    return d->waitForFinished(msecs);
}

/*!
    Sets the current state of the QProcess to the \a state specified.

    \sa state()
*/
void QProcess::setProcessState(ProcessState state)
{
    Q_D(QProcess);
    if (d->processState == state)
        return;
    d->processState = state;
    emit stateChanged(state, QPrivateSignal());
}

/*!
  This function is called in the child process context just before the
    program is executed on Unix or \macos (i.e., after \c fork(), but before
    \c execve()). Reimplement this function to do last minute initialization
    of the child process. Example:

    \snippet code/src_corelib_io_qprocess.cpp 4

    You cannot exit the process (by calling exit(), for instance) from
    this function. If you need to stop the program before it starts
    execution, your workaround is to emit finished() and then call
    exit().

    \warning This function is called by QProcess on Unix and \macos
    only. On Windows and QNX, it is not called.
*/
void QProcess::setupChildProcess()
{
}

/*! \reimp
*/
qint64 QProcess::readData(char *data, qint64 maxlen)
{
    Q_D(QProcess);
    Q_UNUSED(data);
    if (!maxlen)
        return 0;
    if (d->processState == QProcess::NotRunning)
        return -1;              // EOF
    return 0;
}

/*! \reimp
*/
qint64 QProcess::writeData(const char *data, qint64 len)
{
    Q_D(QProcess);

    if (d->stdinChannel.closed) {
#if defined QPROCESS_DEBUG
    qDebug("QProcess::writeData(%p \"%s\", %lld) == 0 (write channel closing)",
           data, qt_prettyDebug(data, len, 16).constData(), len);
#endif
        return 0;
    }

#if defined(Q_OS_WIN)
    if (!d->stdinWriteTrigger) {
        d->stdinWriteTrigger = new QTimer;
        d->stdinWriteTrigger->setSingleShot(true);
        QObjectPrivate::connect(d->stdinWriteTrigger, &QTimer::timeout,
                                d, &QProcessPrivate::_q_canWrite);
    }
#endif

    d->writeBuffer.append(data, len);
#ifdef Q_OS_WIN
    if (!d->stdinWriteTrigger->isActive())
        d->stdinWriteTrigger->start();
#else
    if (d->stdinChannel.notifier)
        d->stdinChannel.notifier->setEnabled(true);
#endif
#if defined QPROCESS_DEBUG
    qDebug("QProcess::writeData(%p \"%s\", %lld) == %lld (written to buffer)",
           data, qt_prettyDebug(data, len, 16).constData(), len, len);
#endif
    return len;
}

/*!
    Regardless of the current read channel, this function returns all
    data available from the standard output of the process as a
    QByteArray.

    \sa readyReadStandardOutput(), readAllStandardError(), readChannel(), setReadChannel()
*/
QByteArray QProcess::readAllStandardOutput()
{
    ProcessChannel tmp = readChannel();
    setReadChannel(StandardOutput);
    QByteArray data = readAll();
    setReadChannel(tmp);
    return data;
}

/*!
    Regardless of the current read channel, this function returns all
    data available from the standard error of the process as a
    QByteArray.

    \sa readyReadStandardError(), readAllStandardOutput(), readChannel(), setReadChannel()
*/
QByteArray QProcess::readAllStandardError()
{
    ProcessChannel tmp = readChannel();
    setReadChannel(StandardError);
    QByteArray data = readAll();
    setReadChannel(tmp);
    return data;
}

/*!
    Starts the given \a program in a new process, passing the command line
    arguments in \a arguments.

    The QProcess object will immediately enter the Starting state. If the
    process starts successfully, QProcess will emit started(); otherwise,
    errorOccurred() will be emitted.

    \note Processes are started asynchronously, which means the started()
    and errorOccurred() signals may be delayed. Call waitForStarted() to make
    sure the process has started (or has failed to start) and those signals
    have been emitted.

    \note No further splitting of the arguments is performed.

    \b{Windows:} The arguments are quoted and joined into a command line
    that is compatible with the \c CommandLineToArgvW() Windows function.
    For programs that have different command line quoting requirements,
    you need to use setNativeArguments(). One notable program that does
    not follow the \c CommandLineToArgvW() rules is cmd.exe and, by
    consequence, all batch scripts.

    The OpenMode is set to \a mode.

    If the QProcess object is already running a process, a warning may be
    printed at the console, and the existing process will continue running
    unaffected.

    \sa processId(), started(), waitForStarted(), setNativeArguments()
*/
void QProcess::start(const QString &program, const QStringList &arguments, OpenMode mode)
{
    Q_D(QProcess);
    if (d->processState != NotRunning) {
        qWarning("QProcess::start: Process is already running");
        return;
    }
    if (program.isEmpty()) {
        d->setErrorAndEmit(QProcess::FailedToStart, tr("No program defined"));
        return;
    }

    d->program = program;
    d->arguments = arguments;

    d->start(mode);
}

/*!
    \since 5.1
    \overload

    Starts the program set by setProgram() with arguments set by setArguments().
    The OpenMode is set to \a mode.

    \sa open(), setProgram(), setArguments()
 */
void QProcess::start(OpenMode mode)
{
    Q_D(QProcess);
    if (d->processState != NotRunning) {
        qWarning("QProcess::start: Process is already running");
        return;
    }
    if (d->program.isEmpty()) {
        d->setErrorAndEmit(QProcess::FailedToStart, tr("No program defined"));
        return;
    }

    d->start(mode);
}

/*!
    \since 5.10

    Starts the program set by setProgram() with arguments set by setArguments()
    in a new process, and detaches from it. Returns \c true on success;
    otherwise returns \c false. If the calling process exits, the
    detached process will continue to run unaffected.

    \b{Unix:} The started process will run in its own session and act
    like a daemon.

    The process will be started in the directory set by setWorkingDirectory().
    If workingDirectory() is empty, the working directory is inherited
    from the calling process.

    \note On QNX, this may cause all application threads to
    temporarily freeze.

    If the function is successful then *\a pid is set to the process identifier
    of the started process. Note that the child process may exit and the PID
    may become invalid without notice. Furthermore, after the child process
    exits, the same PID may be recycled and used by a completely different
    process. User code should be careful when using this variable, especially
    if one intends to forcibly terminate the process by operating system means.

    Only the following property setters are supported by startDetached():
    \list
    \li setArguments()
    \li setCreateProcessArgumentsModifier()
    \li setNativeArguments()
    \li setProcessEnvironment()
    \li setProgram()
    \li setStandardErrorFile()
    \li setStandardInputFile()
    \li setStandardOutputFile()
    \li setWorkingDirectory()
    \endlist
    All other properties of the QProcess object are ignored.

    \note The called process inherits the console window of the calling
    process. To suppress console output, redirect standard/error output to
    QProcess::nullDevice().

    \sa start()
    \sa startDetached(const QString &program, const QStringList &arguments,
                      const QString &workingDirectory, qint64 *pid)
    \sa startDetached(const QString &command)
*/
bool QProcess::startDetached(qint64 *pid)
{
    Q_D(QProcess);
    if (d->processState != NotRunning) {
        qWarning("QProcess::startDetached: Process is already running");
        return false;
    }
    if (d->program.isEmpty()) {
        d->setErrorAndEmit(QProcess::FailedToStart, tr("No program defined"));
        return false;
    }
    return d->startDetached(pid);
}

/*!
    Starts the program set by setProgram() with arguments set by setArguments().
    The OpenMode is set to \a mode.

    This method is an alias for start(), and exists only to fully implement
    the interface defined by QIODevice.

    Returns \c true if the program has been started.

    \sa start(), setProgram(), setArguments()
*/
bool QProcess::open(OpenMode mode)
{
    Q_D(QProcess);
    if (d->processState != NotRunning) {
        qWarning("QProcess::start: Process is already running");
        return false;
    }
    if (d->program.isEmpty()) {
        qWarning("QProcess::start: program not set");
        return false;
    }

    d->start(mode);
    return true;
}

void QProcessPrivate::start(QIODevice::OpenMode mode)
{
    Q_Q(QProcess);
#if defined QPROCESS_DEBUG
    qDebug() << "QProcess::start(" << program << ',' << arguments << ',' << mode << ')';
#endif

    if (stdinChannel.type != QProcessPrivate::Channel::Normal)
        mode &= ~QIODevice::WriteOnly;     // not open for writing
    if (stdoutChannel.type != QProcessPrivate::Channel::Normal &&
        (stderrChannel.type != QProcessPrivate::Channel::Normal ||
         processChannelMode == QProcess::MergedChannels))
        mode &= ~QIODevice::ReadOnly;      // not open for reading
    if (mode == 0)
        mode = QIODevice::Unbuffered;
    if ((mode & QIODevice::ReadOnly) == 0) {
        if (stdoutChannel.type == QProcessPrivate::Channel::Normal)
            q->setStandardOutputFile(q->nullDevice());
        if (stderrChannel.type == QProcessPrivate::Channel::Normal
            && processChannelMode != QProcess::MergedChannels)
            q->setStandardErrorFile(q->nullDevice());
    }

    q->QIODevice::open(mode);

    if (q->isReadable() && processChannelMode != QProcess::MergedChannels)
        setReadChannelCount(2);

    stdinChannel.closed = false;
    stdoutChannel.closed = false;
    stderrChannel.closed = false;

    exitCode = 0;
    exitStatus = QProcess::NormalExit;
    processError = QProcess::UnknownError;
    errorString.clear();
    startProcess();
}

/*!
    \since 5.15

    Splits the string \a command into a list of tokens, and returns
    the list.

    Tokens with spaces can be surrounded by double quotes; three
    consecutive double quotes represent the quote character itself.
*/
QStringList QProcess::splitCommand(QStringView command)
{
    QStringList args;
    QString tmp;
    int quoteCount = 0;
    bool inQuote = false;

    // handle quoting. tokens can be surrounded by double quotes
    // "hello world". three consecutive double quotes represent
    // the quote character itself.
    for (int i = 0; i < command.size(); ++i) {
        if (command.at(i) == QLatin1Char('"')) {
            ++quoteCount;
            if (quoteCount == 3) {
                // third consecutive quote
                quoteCount = 0;
                tmp += command.at(i);
            }
            continue;
        }
        if (quoteCount) {
            if (quoteCount == 1)
                inQuote = !inQuote;
            quoteCount = 0;
        }
        if (!inQuote && command.at(i).isSpace()) {
            if (!tmp.isEmpty()) {
                args += tmp;
                tmp.clear();
            }
        } else {
            tmp += command.at(i);
        }
    }
    if (!tmp.isEmpty())
        args += tmp;

    return args;
}

/*!
    \obsolete
    \overload

    Starts the command \a command in a new process.
    The OpenMode is set to \a mode.

    \a command is a single string of text containing both the program name
    and its arguments. The arguments are separated by one or more spaces.
    For example:

    \snippet code/src_corelib_io_qprocess.cpp 5

    Arguments containing spaces must be quoted to be correctly supplied to
    the new process. For example:

    \snippet code/src_corelib_io_qprocess.cpp 6

    Literal quotes in the \a command string are represented by triple quotes.
    For example:

    \snippet code/src_corelib_io_qprocess.cpp 7

    After the \a command string has been split and unquoted, this function
    behaves like the overload which takes the arguments as a string list.

    You can disable this overload by defining \c
    QT_NO_PROCESS_COMBINED_ARGUMENT_START when you compile your applications.
    This can be useful if you want to ensure that you are not splitting arguments
    unintentionally, for example. In virtually all cases, using the other overload
    is the preferred method.

    On operating systems where the system API for passing command line
    arguments to a subprocess natively uses a single string (Windows), one can
    conceive command lines which cannot be passed via QProcess's portable
    list-based API. In these rare cases you need to use setProgram() and
    setNativeArguments() instead of this function.

    \sa splitCommand()

*/
#if !defined(QT_NO_PROCESS_COMBINED_ARGUMENT_START)
void QProcess::start(const QString &command, OpenMode mode)
{
    QStringList args = splitCommand(command);
    if (args.isEmpty()) {
        Q_D(QProcess);
        d->setErrorAndEmit(QProcess::FailedToStart, tr("No program defined"));
        return;
    }

    const QString prog = args.takeFirst();

    start(prog, args, mode);
}
#endif

/*!
    \since 5.0

    Returns the program the process was last started with.

    \sa start()
*/
QString QProcess::program() const
{
    Q_D(const QProcess);
    return d->program;
}

/*!
    \since 5.1

    Set the \a program to use when starting the process.
    This function must be called before start().

    \sa start(), setArguments(), program()
*/
void QProcess::setProgram(const QString &program)
{
    Q_D(QProcess);
    if (d->processState != NotRunning) {
        qWarning("QProcess::setProgram: Process is already running");
        return;
    }
    d->program = program;
}

/*!
    \since 5.0

    Returns the command line arguments the process was last started with.

    \sa start()
*/
QStringList QProcess::arguments() const
{
    Q_D(const QProcess);
    return d->arguments;
}

/*!
    \since 5.1

    Set the \a arguments to pass to the called program when starting the process.
    This function must be called before start().

    \sa start(), setProgram(), arguments()
*/
void QProcess::setArguments(const QStringList &arguments)
{
    Q_D(QProcess);
    if (d->processState != NotRunning) {
        qWarning("QProcess::setProgram: Process is already running");
        return;
    }
    d->arguments = arguments;
}

/*!
    Attempts to terminate the process.

    The process may not exit as a result of calling this function (it is given
    the chance to prompt the user for any unsaved files, etc).

    On Windows, terminate() posts a WM_CLOSE message to all top-level windows
    of the process and then to the main thread of the process itself. On Unix
    and \macos the \c SIGTERM signal is sent.

    Console applications on Windows that do not run an event loop, or whose
    event loop does not handle the WM_CLOSE message, can only be terminated by
    calling kill().

    \sa kill()
*/
void QProcess::terminate()
{
    Q_D(QProcess);
    d->terminateProcess();
}

/*!
    Kills the current process, causing it to exit immediately.

    On Windows, kill() uses TerminateProcess, and on Unix and \macos, the
    SIGKILL signal is sent to the process.

    \sa terminate()
*/
void QProcess::kill()
{
    Q_D(QProcess);
    d->killProcess();
}

/*!
    Returns the exit code of the last process that finished.

    This value is not valid unless exitStatus() returns NormalExit.
*/
int QProcess::exitCode() const
{
    Q_D(const QProcess);
    return d->exitCode;
}

/*!
    \since 4.1

    Returns the exit status of the last process that finished.

    On Windows, if the process was terminated with TerminateProcess() from
    another application, this function will still return NormalExit
    unless the exit code is less than 0.
*/
QProcess::ExitStatus QProcess::exitStatus() const
{
    Q_D(const QProcess);
    return d->exitStatus;
}

/*!
    Starts the program \a program with the arguments \a arguments in a
    new process, waits for it to finish, and then returns the exit
    code of the process. Any data the new process writes to the
    console is forwarded to the calling process.

    The environment and working directory are inherited from the calling
    process.

    Argument handling is identical to the respective start() overload.

    If the process cannot be started, -2 is returned. If the process
    crashes, -1 is returned. Otherwise, the process' exit code is
    returned.

    \sa start()
*/
int QProcess::execute(const QString &program, const QStringList &arguments)
{
    QProcess process;
    process.setProcessChannelMode(ForwardedChannels);
    process.start(program, arguments);
    if (!process.waitForFinished(-1) || process.error() == FailedToStart)
        return -2;
    return process.exitStatus() == QProcess::NormalExit ? process.exitCode() : -1;
}

/*!
    \obsolete
    \overload

    Starts the program \a command in a new process, waits for it to finish,
    and then returns the exit code.

    Argument handling is identical to the respective start() overload.

    After the \a command string has been split and unquoted, this function
    behaves like the overload which takes the arguments as a string list.

    \sa start(), splitCommand()
*/
int QProcess::execute(const QString &command)
{
    QStringList args = splitCommand(command);
    if (args.isEmpty())
        return -2;
    QString program = args.takeFirst();
    return execute(program, args);
}

/*!
    \overload startDetached()

    Starts the program \a program with the arguments \a arguments in a
    new process, and detaches from it. Returns \c true on success;
    otherwise returns \c false. If the calling process exits, the
    detached process will continue to run unaffected.

    Argument handling is identical to the respective start() overload.

    The process will be started in the directory \a workingDirectory.
    If \a workingDirectory is empty, the working directory is inherited
    from the calling process.

    If the function is successful then *\a pid is set to the process
    identifier of the started process.

    \sa start()
*/
bool QProcess::startDetached(const QString &program,
                             const QStringList &arguments,
                             const QString &workingDirectory,
                             qint64 *pid)
{
    QProcess process;
    process.setProgram(program);
    process.setArguments(arguments);
    process.setWorkingDirectory(workingDirectory);
    return process.startDetached(pid);
}

/*!
    \internal
*/
bool QProcess::startDetached(const QString &program,
                             const QStringList &arguments)
{
    QProcess process;
    process.setProgram(program);
    process.setArguments(arguments);
    return process.startDetached();
}

/*!
    \obsolete
    \overload startDetached()

    Starts the command \a command in a new process, and detaches from it.
    Returns \c true on success; otherwise returns \c false.

    Argument handling is identical to the respective start() overload.

    After the \a command string has been split and unquoted, this function
    behaves like the overload which takes the arguments as a string list.

    \sa start(const QString &command, QIODevice::OpenMode mode), splitCommand()
*/
bool QProcess::startDetached(const QString &command)
{
    QStringList args = splitCommand(command);
    if (args.isEmpty())
        return false;

    QProcess process;
    process.setProgram(args.takeFirst());
    process.setArguments(args);
    return process.startDetached();
}

QT_BEGIN_INCLUDE_NAMESPACE
#if defined(Q_OS_MACX)
# include <crt_externs.h>
# define environ (*_NSGetEnviron())
#elif defined(QT_PLATFORM_UIKIT)
  static char *qt_empty_environ[] = { 0 };
#define environ qt_empty_environ
#elif !defined(Q_OS_WIN)
  extern char **environ;
#endif
QT_END_INCLUDE_NAMESPACE

/*!
    \since 4.1

    Returns the environment of the calling process as a list of
    key=value pairs. Example:

    \snippet code/src_corelib_io_qprocess.cpp 8

    This function does not cache the system environment. Therefore, it's
    possible to obtain an updated version of the environment if low-level C
    library functions like \tt setenv or \tt putenv have been called.

    However, note that repeated calls to this function will recreate the
    list of environment variables, which is a non-trivial operation.

    \note For new code, it is recommended to use QProcessEnvironment::systemEnvironment()

    \sa QProcessEnvironment::systemEnvironment(), setProcessEnvironment()
*/
QStringList QProcess::systemEnvironment()
{
    QStringList tmp;
    char *entry = nullptr;
    int count = 0;
    while ((entry = environ[count++]))
        tmp << QString::fromLocal8Bit(entry);
    return tmp;
}

/*!
    \fn QProcessEnvironment QProcessEnvironment::systemEnvironment()

    \since 4.6

    \brief The systemEnvironment function returns the environment of
    the calling process.

    It is returned as a QProcessEnvironment. This function does not
    cache the system environment. Therefore, it's possible to obtain
    an updated version of the environment if low-level C library
    functions like \tt setenv or \tt putenv have been called.

    However, note that repeated calls to this function will recreate the
    QProcessEnvironment object, which is a non-trivial operation.

    \sa QProcess::systemEnvironment()
*/

/*!
    \since 5.2

    \brief The null device of the operating system.

    The returned file path uses native directory separators.

    \sa QProcess::setStandardInputFile(), QProcess::setStandardOutputFile(),
        QProcess::setStandardErrorFile()
*/
QString QProcess::nullDevice()
{
#ifdef Q_OS_WIN
    return QStringLiteral("\\\\.\\NUL");
#elif defined(_PATH_DEVNULL)
    return QStringLiteral(_PATH_DEVNULL);
#else
    return QStringLiteral("/dev/null");
#endif
}

/*!
    \typedef Q_PID
    \relates QProcess

    Typedef for the identifiers used to represent processes on the underlying
    platform. On Unix, this corresponds to \l qint64; on Windows, it
    corresponds to \c{_PROCESS_INFORMATION*}.

    \sa QProcess::pid()
*/

#endif // QT_CONFIG(process)

QT_END_NAMESPACE

#include "moc_qprocess.cpp"