/**************************************************************************** ** ** Copyright (C) 2020 The Qt Company Ltd. ** Contact: https://www.qt.io/licensing/ ** ** This file is part of the QtQuick module of the Qt Toolkit. ** ** $QT_BEGIN_LICENSE:LGPL$ ** Commercial License Usage ** Licensees holding valid commercial Qt licenses may use this file in ** accordance with the commercial license agreement provided with the ** Software or, alternatively, in accordance with the terms contained in ** a written agreement between you and The Qt Company. For licensing terms ** and conditions see https://www.qt.io/terms-conditions. For further ** information use the contact form at https://www.qt.io/contact-us. ** ** GNU Lesser General Public License Usage ** Alternatively, this file may be used under the terms of the GNU Lesser ** General Public License version 3 as published by the Free Software ** Foundation and appearing in the file LICENSE.LGPL3 included in the ** packaging of this file. Please review the following information to ** ensure the GNU Lesser General Public License version 3 requirements ** will be met: https://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-3.0.html. ** ** GNU General Public License Usage ** Alternatively, this file may be used under the terms of the GNU ** General Public License version 2.0 or (at your option) the GNU General ** Public license version 3 or any later version approved by the KDE Free ** Qt Foundation. The licenses are as published by the Free Software ** Foundation and appearing in the file LICENSE.GPL2 and LICENSE.GPL3 ** included in the packaging of this file. Please review the following ** information to ensure the GNU General Public License requirements will ** be met: https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-2.0.html and ** https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html. ** ** $QT_END_LICENSE$ ** ****************************************************************************/ #include "qquickwindow.h" #include "qquickwindow_p.h" #include "qquickitem.h" #include "qquickitem_p.h" #include "qquickevents_p_p.h" #include "qquickgraphicsdevice_p.h" #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #if QT_CONFIG(opengl) #include #include #endif #ifndef QT_NO_DEBUG_STREAM #include #endif #include QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE Q_DECLARE_LOGGING_CATEGORY(lcMouse) Q_DECLARE_LOGGING_CATEGORY(lcTouch) Q_LOGGING_CATEGORY(lcDirty, "qt.quick.dirty") Q_LOGGING_CATEGORY(lcTransient, "qt.quick.window.transient") bool QQuickWindowPrivate::defaultAlphaBuffer = false; #if defined(QT_QUICK_DEFAULT_TEXT_RENDER_TYPE) QQuickWindow::TextRenderType QQuickWindowPrivate::textRenderType = QQuickWindow::QT_QUICK_DEFAULT_TEXT_RENDER_TYPE; #else QQuickWindow::TextRenderType QQuickWindowPrivate::textRenderType = QQuickWindow::QtTextRendering; #endif class QQuickWindowIncubationController : public QObject, public QQmlIncubationController { Q_OBJECT public: QQuickWindowIncubationController(QSGRenderLoop *loop) : m_renderLoop(loop), m_timer(0) { // Allow incubation for 1/3 of a frame. m_incubation_time = qMax(1, int(1000 / QGuiApplication::primaryScreen()->refreshRate()) / 3); QAnimationDriver *animationDriver = m_renderLoop->animationDriver(); if (animationDriver) { connect(animationDriver, SIGNAL(stopped()), this, SLOT(animationStopped())); connect(m_renderLoop, SIGNAL(timeToIncubate()), this, SLOT(incubate())); } } protected: void timerEvent(QTimerEvent *) override { killTimer(m_timer); m_timer = 0; incubate(); } void incubateAgain() { if (m_timer == 0) { // Wait for a while before processing the next batch. Using a // timer to avoid starvation of system events. m_timer = startTimer(m_incubation_time); } } public slots: void incubate() { if (m_renderLoop && incubatingObjectCount()) { if (m_renderLoop->interleaveIncubation()) { incubateFor(m_incubation_time); } else { incubateFor(m_incubation_time * 2); if (incubatingObjectCount()) incubateAgain(); } } } void animationStopped() { incubate(); } protected: void incubatingObjectCountChanged(int count) override { if (count && m_renderLoop && !m_renderLoop->interleaveIncubation()) incubateAgain(); } private: QPointer m_renderLoop; int m_incubation_time; int m_timer; }; #include "qquickwindow.moc" #include "moc_qquickwindow_p.cpp" #if QT_CONFIG(accessibility) /*! Returns an accessibility interface for this window, or 0 if such an interface cannot be created. */ QAccessibleInterface *QQuickWindow::accessibleRoot() const { return QAccessible::queryAccessibleInterface(const_cast(this)); } #endif /* Focus behavior ============== Prior to being added to a valid window items can set and clear focus with no effect. Only once items are added to a window (by way of having a parent set that already belongs to a window) do the focus rules apply. Focus goes back to having no effect if an item is removed from a window. When an item is moved into a new focus scope (either being added to a window for the first time, or having its parent changed), if the focus scope already has a scope focused item that takes precedence over the item being added. Otherwise, the focus of the added tree is used. In the case of a tree of items being added to a window for the first time, which may have a conflicted focus state (two or more items in one scope having focus set), the same rule is applied item by item - thus the first item that has focus will get it (assuming the scope doesn't already have a scope focused item), and the other items will have their focus cleared. */ QQuickRootItem::QQuickRootItem() { } /*! \reimp */ void QQuickWindow::exposeEvent(QExposeEvent *) { Q_D(QQuickWindow); if (d->windowManager) d->windowManager->exposureChanged(this); } /*! \reimp */ void QQuickWindow::resizeEvent(QResizeEvent *ev) { Q_D(QQuickWindow); if (d->contentItem) d->contentItem->setSize(ev->size()); if (d->windowManager) d->windowManager->resize(this); } /*! \reimp */ void QQuickWindow::showEvent(QShowEvent *) { Q_D(QQuickWindow); if (d->windowManager) d->windowManager->show(this); } /*! \reimp */ void QQuickWindow::hideEvent(QHideEvent *) { Q_D(QQuickWindow); if (d->windowManager) d->windowManager->hide(this); } /*! \reimp */ void QQuickWindow::closeEvent(QCloseEvent *e) { QQuickCloseEvent qev; qev.setAccepted(e->isAccepted()); emit closing(&qev); e->setAccepted(qev.isAccepted()); } /*! \reimp */ void QQuickWindow::focusOutEvent(QFocusEvent *ev) { Q_D(QQuickWindow); if (d->contentItem) d->contentItem->setFocus(false, ev->reason()); } /*! \reimp */ void QQuickWindow::focusInEvent(QFocusEvent *ev) { Q_D(QQuickWindow); if (d->inDestructor) return; if (d->contentItem) d->contentItem->setFocus(true, ev->reason()); if (auto da = d->deliveryAgentPrivate()) da->updateFocusItemTransform(); } #if QT_CONFIG(im) static bool transformDirtyOnItemOrAncestor(const QQuickItem *item) { while (item) { if (QQuickItemPrivate::get(item)->dirtyAttributes & ( QQuickItemPrivate::TransformOrigin | QQuickItemPrivate::Transform | QQuickItemPrivate::BasicTransform | QQuickItemPrivate::Position | QQuickItemPrivate::Size | QQuickItemPrivate::ParentChanged | QQuickItemPrivate::Clip)) { return true; } item = item->parentItem(); } return false; } #endif /*! * \internal A "polish loop" can occur inside QQuickWindowPrivate::polishItems(). It is when an item calls polish() on an(other?) item from updatePolish(). If this anomaly happens repeatedly and without interruption (of a well-behaved updatePolish() that doesn't call polish()), it is a strong indication that we are heading towards an infinite polish loop. A polish loop is not a bug in Qt Quick - it is a bug caused by ill-behaved items put in the scene. We can detect this sequence of polish loops easily, since the QQuickWindowPrivate::itemsToPolish is basically a stack: polish() will push to it, and polishItems() will pop from it. Therefore if updatePolish() calls polish(), the immediate next item polishItems() processes is the item that was polished by the previous call to updatePolish(). We therefore just need to count the number of polish loops we detected in _sequence_. */ struct PolishLoopDetector { PolishLoopDetector(const QVector &itemsToPolish) : itemsToPolish(itemsToPolish) { } /* * returns true when it detected a likely infinite loop * (suggests it should abort the polish loop) **/ bool check(QQuickItem *item, int itemsRemainingBeforeUpdatePolish) { if (itemsToPolish.count() > itemsRemainingBeforeUpdatePolish) { // Detected potential polish loop. ++numPolishLoopsInSequence; if (numPolishLoopsInSequence >= 1000) { // Start to warn about polish loop after 1000 consecutive polish loops if (numPolishLoopsInSequence == 100000) { // We have looped 100,000 times without actually reducing the list of items to // polish, give up for now. // This is not a fix, just a remedy so that the application can be somewhat // responsive. numPolishLoopsInSequence = 0; return true; } else if (numPolishLoopsInSequence < 1005) { // Show the 5 next items involved in the polish loop. // (most likely they will be the same 5 items...) QQuickItem *guiltyItem = itemsToPolish.last(); qmlWarning(item) << "possible QQuickItem::polish() loop"; auto typeAndObjectName = [](QQuickItem *item) { QString typeName = QQmlMetaType::prettyTypeName(item); QString objName = item->objectName(); if (!objName.isNull()) return QLatin1String("%1(%2)").arg(typeName, objName); return typeName; }; qmlWarning(guiltyItem) << typeAndObjectName(guiltyItem) << " called polish() inside updatePolish() of " << typeAndObjectName(item); if (numPolishLoopsInSequence == 1004) // Enough warnings. Reset counter in order to speed things up and re-detect // more loops numPolishLoopsInSequence = 0; } } } else { numPolishLoopsInSequence = 0; } return false; } const QVector &itemsToPolish; // Just a ref to the one in polishItems() int numPolishLoopsInSequence = 0; }; void QQuickWindowPrivate::polishItems() { // An item can trigger polish on another item, or itself for that matter, // during its updatePolish() call. Because of this, we cannot simply // iterate through the set, we must continue pulling items out until it // is empty. // In the case where polish is called from updatePolish() either directly // or indirectly, we use a PolishLoopDetector to determine if a warning should // be printed to the user. PolishLoopDetector polishLoopDetector(itemsToPolish); while (!itemsToPolish.isEmpty()) { QQuickItem *item = itemsToPolish.takeLast(); QQuickItemPrivate *itemPrivate = QQuickItemPrivate::get(item); itemPrivate->polishScheduled = false; const int itemsRemaining = itemsToPolish.count(); itemPrivate->updatePolish(); item->updatePolish(); if (polishLoopDetector.check(item, itemsRemaining) == true) break; } #if QT_CONFIG(im) if (QQuickItem *focusItem = q_func()->activeFocusItem()) { // If the current focus item, or any of its anchestors, has changed location // inside the window, we need inform IM about it. This to ensure that overlays // such as selection handles will be updated. const bool isActiveFocusItem = (focusItem == QGuiApplication::focusObject()); const bool hasImEnabled = focusItem->inputMethodQuery(Qt::ImEnabled).toBool(); if (isActiveFocusItem && hasImEnabled && transformDirtyOnItemOrAncestor(focusItem)) deliveryAgentPrivate()->updateFocusItemTransform(); } #endif } /*! * Schedules the window to render another frame. * * Calling QQuickWindow::update() differs from QQuickItem::update() in that * it always triggers a repaint, regardless of changes in the underlying * scene graph or not. */ void QQuickWindow::update() { Q_D(QQuickWindow); if (d->windowManager) d->windowManager->update(this); else if (d->renderControl) QQuickRenderControlPrivate::get(d->renderControl)->update(); } static void updatePixelRatioHelper(QQuickItem *item, float pixelRatio) { if (item->flags() & QQuickItem::ItemHasContents) { QQuickItemPrivate *itemPrivate = QQuickItemPrivate::get(item); itemPrivate->itemChange(QQuickItem::ItemDevicePixelRatioHasChanged, pixelRatio); } QList items = item->childItems(); for (int i = 0; i < items.size(); ++i) updatePixelRatioHelper(items.at(i), pixelRatio); } void QQuickWindow::physicalDpiChanged() { Q_D(QQuickWindow); const qreal newPixelRatio = screen()->devicePixelRatio(); if (qFuzzyCompare(newPixelRatio, d->devicePixelRatio)) return; d->devicePixelRatio = newPixelRatio; if (d->contentItem) updatePixelRatioHelper(d->contentItem, newPixelRatio); } void QQuickWindow::handleScreenChanged(QScreen *screen) { Q_D(QQuickWindow); disconnect(d->physicalDpiChangedConnection); if (screen) { physicalDpiChanged(); // When physical DPI changes on the same screen, either the resolution or the device pixel // ratio changed. We must check what it is. Device pixel ratio does not have its own // ...Changed() signal. d->physicalDpiChangedConnection = connect(screen, &QScreen::physicalDotsPerInchChanged, this, &QQuickWindow::physicalDpiChanged); } d->forcePolish(); } void forcePolishHelper(QQuickItem *item) { if (item->flags() & QQuickItem::ItemHasContents) { item->polish(); } QList items = item->childItems(); for (int i=0; iscreen()) return; forcePolishHelper(contentItem); } void forceUpdate(QQuickItem *item) { if (item->flags() & QQuickItem::ItemHasContents) item->update(); QQuickItemPrivate::get(item)->dirty(QQuickItemPrivate::ChildrenUpdateMask); QList items = item->childItems(); for (int i=0; iinvalidatePipelineCacheDependency(rpDesc); if (owns) { delete renderTarget; delete rpDesc; delete texture; delete depthStencil; } } renderTarget = nullptr; rpDesc = nullptr; texture = nullptr; depthStencil = nullptr; owns = false; } void QQuickWindowPrivate::ensureCustomRenderTarget() { // resolve() can be expensive when importing an existing native texture, so // it is important to only do it when the QQuickRenderTarget* was really changed if (!redirect.renderTargetDirty || !rhi) return; redirect.renderTargetDirty = false; redirect.rt.reset(rhi, renderer); // a default constructed QQuickRenderTarget means no redirection if (customRenderTarget.isNull()) return; QQuickRenderTargetPrivate::get(&customRenderTarget)->resolve(rhi, &redirect.rt); } void QQuickWindowPrivate::setCustomCommandBuffer(QRhiCommandBuffer *cb) { // ownership not transferred redirect.commandBuffer = cb; } void QQuickWindowPrivate::syncSceneGraph() { Q_Q(QQuickWindow); ensureCustomRenderTarget(); // Calculate the dpr the same way renderSceneGraph() will. qreal devicePixelRatio = q->effectiveDevicePixelRatio(); if (redirect.rt.renderTarget && !QQuickRenderControl::renderWindowFor(q)) devicePixelRatio = 1; QRhiCommandBuffer *cb = nullptr; if (rhi) { if (redirect.commandBuffer) cb = redirect.commandBuffer; else cb = swapchain->currentFrameCommandBuffer(); } context->prepareSync(devicePixelRatio, cb, graphicsConfig); animationController->beforeNodeSync(); emit q->beforeSynchronizing(); runAndClearJobs(&beforeSynchronizingJobs); if (!renderer) { forceUpdate(contentItem); QSGRootNode *rootNode = new QSGRootNode; rootNode->appendChildNode(QQuickItemPrivate::get(contentItem)->itemNode()); const bool useDepth = graphicsConfig.isDepthBufferEnabledFor2D(); const QSGRendererInterface::RenderMode renderMode = useDepth ? QSGRendererInterface::RenderMode2D : QSGRendererInterface::RenderMode2DNoDepthBuffer; renderer = context->createRenderer(renderMode); renderer->setRootNode(rootNode); } updateDirtyNodes(); animationController->afterNodeSync(); // Copy the current state of clearing from window into renderer. renderer->setClearColor(clearColor); // Cannot skip clearing the color buffer in Qt 6 anymore. const QSGAbstractRenderer::ClearMode mode = QSGAbstractRenderer::ClearColorBuffer | QSGAbstractRenderer::ClearStencilBuffer | QSGAbstractRenderer::ClearDepthBuffer; renderer->setClearMode(mode); renderer->setVisualizationMode(visualizationMode); emit q->afterSynchronizing(); runAndClearJobs(&afterSynchronizingJobs); } void QQuickWindowPrivate::emitBeforeRenderPassRecording(void *ud) { QQuickWindow *w = reinterpret_cast(ud); emit w->beforeRenderPassRecording(); } void QQuickWindowPrivate::emitAfterRenderPassRecording(void *ud) { QQuickWindow *w = reinterpret_cast(ud); emit w->afterRenderPassRecording(); } void QQuickWindowPrivate::renderSceneGraph(const QSize &size, const QSize &surfaceSize) { Q_Q(QQuickWindow); if (!renderer) return; if (rhi) { ensureCustomRenderTarget(); QRhiRenderTarget *rt; QRhiRenderPassDescriptor *rp; QRhiCommandBuffer *cb; if (redirect.rt.renderTarget) { rt = redirect.rt.renderTarget; rp = rt->renderPassDescriptor(); if (!rp) { qWarning("Custom render target is set but no renderpass descriptor has been provided."); return; } cb = redirect.commandBuffer; if (!cb) { qWarning("Custom render target is set but no command buffer has been provided."); return; } } else { if (!swapchain) { qWarning("QQuickWindow: No render target (neither swapchain nor custom target was provided)"); return; } rt = swapchain->currentFrameRenderTarget(); rp = rpDescForSwapchain; cb = swapchain->currentFrameCommandBuffer(); } context->beginNextRhiFrame(renderer, rt, rp, cb, emitBeforeRenderPassRecording, emitAfterRenderPassRecording, q); } else { context->beginNextFrame(renderer, emitBeforeRenderPassRecording, emitAfterRenderPassRecording, q); } animationController->advance(); emit q->beforeRendering(); runAndClearJobs(&beforeRenderingJobs); QSGAbstractRenderer::MatrixTransformFlags matrixFlags; const bool flipY = rhi ? !rhi->isYUpInNDC() : false; if (flipY) matrixFlags |= QSGAbstractRenderer::MatrixTransformFlipY; const qreal devicePixelRatio = q->effectiveDevicePixelRatio(); if (redirect.rt.renderTarget) { QRect rect(QPoint(0, 0), redirect.rt.renderTarget->pixelSize()); renderer->setDeviceRect(rect); renderer->setViewportRect(rect); if (QQuickRenderControl::renderWindowFor(q)) { renderer->setProjectionMatrixToRect(QRect(QPoint(0, 0), size), matrixFlags); renderer->setDevicePixelRatio(devicePixelRatio); } else { renderer->setProjectionMatrixToRect(QRect(QPoint(0, 0), rect.size()), matrixFlags); renderer->setDevicePixelRatio(1); } } else { QSize pixelSize; QSizeF logicalSize; if (surfaceSize.isEmpty()) { pixelSize = size * devicePixelRatio; logicalSize = size; } else { pixelSize = surfaceSize; logicalSize = QSizeF(surfaceSize) / devicePixelRatio; } QRect rect(QPoint(0, 0), pixelSize); renderer->setDeviceRect(rect); renderer->setViewportRect(rect); renderer->setProjectionMatrixToRect(QRectF(QPoint(0, 0), logicalSize), matrixFlags); renderer->setDevicePixelRatio(devicePixelRatio); } if (rhi) { context->renderNextRhiFrame(renderer); } else { // This is the software backend (or some custom scenegraph context // plugin) in practice, because the default implementation always // hits the QRhi-based path in Qt 6. context->renderNextFrame(renderer); } emit q->afterRendering(); runAndClearJobs(&afterRenderingJobs); if (rhi) context->endNextRhiFrame(renderer); else context->endNextFrame(renderer); if (renderer && renderer->hasVisualizationModeWithContinuousUpdate()) { // For the overdraw visualizer. This update is not urgent so avoid a // direct update() call, this is only here to keep the overdraw // visualization box rotating even when the scene is static. QCoreApplication::postEvent(q, new QEvent(QEvent::Type(FullUpdateRequest))); } } QQuickWindowPrivate::QQuickWindowPrivate() : contentItem(nullptr) , dirtyItemList(nullptr) , devicePixelRatio(0) , context(nullptr) , renderer(nullptr) , windowManager(nullptr) , renderControl(nullptr) , clearColor(Qt::white) , persistentGraphics(true) , persistentSceneGraph(true) , componentCompleted(true) , inDestructor(false) , incubationController(nullptr) , hasActiveSwapchain(false) , hasRenderableSwapchain(false) , swapchainJustBecameRenderable(false) { } QQuickWindowPrivate::~QQuickWindowPrivate() { inDestructor = true; redirect.rt.reset(rhi, renderer); if (QQmlInspectorService *service = QQmlDebugConnector::service()) service->removeWindow(q_func()); deliveryAgent = nullptr; } void QQuickWindowPrivate::updateChildrenPalettes(const QPalette &parentPalette) { Q_Q(QQuickWindow); if (auto root = q->contentItem()) { for (auto &&child: root->childItems()) { QQuickItemPrivate::get(child)->inheritPalette(parentPalette); } } } void QQuickWindowPrivate::init(QQuickWindow *c, QQuickRenderControl *control) { q_ptr = c; Q_Q(QQuickWindow); contentItem = new QQuickRootItem; contentItem->setObjectName(q->objectName()); QQml_setParent_noEvent(contentItem, c); QQmlEngine::setObjectOwnership(contentItem, QQmlEngine::CppOwnership); QQuickItemPrivate *contentItemPrivate = QQuickItemPrivate::get(contentItem); contentItemPrivate->window = q; contentItemPrivate->windowRefCount = 1; contentItemPrivate->flags |= QQuickItem::ItemIsFocusScope; contentItem->setSize(q->size()); deliveryAgent = new QQuickDeliveryAgent(contentItem); visualizationMode = qgetenv("QSG_VISUALIZE"); renderControl = control; if (renderControl) QQuickRenderControlPrivate::get(renderControl)->window = q; if (!renderControl) windowManager = QSGRenderLoop::instance(); Q_ASSERT(windowManager || renderControl); if (QScreen *screen = q->screen()) devicePixelRatio = screen->devicePixelRatio(); QSGContext *sg; if (renderControl) { QQuickRenderControlPrivate *renderControlPriv = QQuickRenderControlPrivate::get(renderControl); sg = renderControlPriv->sg; context = renderControlPriv->rc; } else { windowManager->addWindow(q); sg = windowManager->sceneGraphContext(); context = windowManager->createRenderContext(sg); } q->setSurfaceType(windowManager ? windowManager->windowSurfaceType() : QSurface::OpenGLSurface); q->setFormat(sg->defaultSurfaceFormat()); // When using Vulkan, associating a scenegraph-managed QVulkanInstance with // the window (but only when not using renderControl) is deferred to // QSGRhiSupport::createRhi(). This allows applications to set up their own // QVulkanInstance and set that on the window, if they wish to. animationController.reset(new QQuickAnimatorController(q)); QObject::connect(context, SIGNAL(initialized()), q, SIGNAL(sceneGraphInitialized()), Qt::DirectConnection); QObject::connect(context, SIGNAL(invalidated()), q, SIGNAL(sceneGraphInvalidated()), Qt::DirectConnection); QObject::connect(context, SIGNAL(invalidated()), q, SLOT(cleanupSceneGraph()), Qt::DirectConnection); QObject::connect(q, SIGNAL(focusObjectChanged(QObject*)), q, SIGNAL(activeFocusItemChanged())); QObject::connect(q, SIGNAL(screenChanged(QScreen*)), q, SLOT(handleScreenChanged(QScreen*))); QObject::connect(qApp, SIGNAL(applicationStateChanged(Qt::ApplicationState)), q, SLOT(handleApplicationStateChanged(Qt::ApplicationState))); QObject::connect(q, SIGNAL(frameSwapped()), q, SLOT(runJobsAfterSwap()), Qt::DirectConnection); if (QQmlInspectorService *service = QQmlDebugConnector::service()) service->addWindow(q); } void QQuickWindow::handleApplicationStateChanged(Qt::ApplicationState state) { Q_D(QQuickWindow); if (state != Qt::ApplicationActive && d->contentItem) { auto da = d->deliveryAgentPrivate(); Q_ASSERT(da); da->handleWindowDeactivate(this); } } /*! \property QQuickWindow::data \internal */ QQmlListProperty QQuickWindowPrivate::data() { return QQmlListProperty(q_func(), nullptr, QQuickWindowPrivate::data_append, QQuickWindowPrivate::data_count, QQuickWindowPrivate::data_at, QQuickWindowPrivate::data_clear, QQuickWindowPrivate::data_replace, QQuickWindowPrivate::data_removeLast); } void QQuickWindowPrivate::dirtyItem(QQuickItem *) { Q_Q(QQuickWindow); q->maybeUpdate(); } /*! \obsolete Use QPointerEvent::exclusiveGrabber() Returns the item which currently has the mouse grab. */ QQuickItem *QQuickWindow::mouseGrabberItem() const { Q_D(const QQuickWindow); auto da = const_cast(d)->deliveryAgentPrivate(); Q_ASSERT(da); // The normal use case is to call this function while an event is being delivered; // but if the caller knows about the event, it should call QPointerEvent::exclusiveGrabber() instead. if (auto epd = da->mousePointData()) return qmlobject_cast(epd->exclusiveGrabber); if (Q_LIKELY(d->deliveryAgentPrivate()->eventsInDelivery.isEmpty())) // mousePointData() checked that already: it's one reason epd can be null qCDebug(lcMouse, "mouse grabber ambiguous: no event is currently being delivered"); // If no event is being delivered, we can return "the mouse" grabber, // but in general there could be more than one mouse, could be only a touchscreen etc. // That's why this function is obsolete. return qmlobject_cast(QPointingDevicePrivate::get(QPointingDevice::primaryPointingDevice())-> firstPointExclusiveGrabber()); } void QQuickWindowPrivate::cleanup(QSGNode *n) { Q_Q(QQuickWindow); Q_ASSERT(!cleanupNodeList.contains(n)); cleanupNodeList.append(n); q->maybeUpdate(); } /*! \qmltype Window \instantiates QQuickWindow \inqmlmodule QtQuick.Window \ingroup qtquick-visual \brief Creates a new top-level window. The Window object creates a new top-level window for a Qt Quick scene. It automatically sets up the window for use with \c {QtQuick 2.x} graphical types. To use this type, you will need to import the module with the following line: \code import QtQuick.Window 2.2 \endcode Omitting this import will allow you to have a QML environment without access to window system features. A Window can be declared inside an Item or inside another Window; in that case the inner Window will automatically become "transient for" the outer Window: that is, most platforms will show it centered upon the outer window by default, and there may be other platform-dependent behaviors, depending also on the \l flags. If the nested window is intended to be a dialog in your application, you should also set \l flags to Qt.Dialog, because some window managers will not provide the centering behavior without that flag. You can also declare multiple windows inside a top-level \l QtObject, in which case the windows will have no transient relationship. Alternatively you can set or bind \l x and \l y to position the Window explicitly on the screen. When the user attempts to close a window, the \l closing signal will be emitted. You can force the window to stay open (for example to prompt the user to save changes) by writing an \c onClosing handler and setting \c {close.accepted = false}. */ /*! \class QQuickWindow \since 5.0 \inmodule QtQuick \brief The QQuickWindow class provides the window for displaying a graphical QML scene. QQuickWindow provides the graphical scene management needed to interact with and display a scene of QQuickItems. A QQuickWindow always has a single invisible root item. To add items to this window, reparent the items to the root item or to an existing item in the scene. For easily displaying a scene from a QML file, see \l{QQuickView}. \section1 Rendering QQuickWindow uses a scene graph to represent what needs to be rendered. This scene graph is disconnected from the QML scene and potentially lives in another thread, depending on the platform implementation. Since the rendering scene graph lives independently from the QML scene, it can also be completely released without affecting the state of the QML scene. The sceneGraphInitialized() signal is emitted on the rendering thread before the QML scene is rendered to the screen for the first time. If the rendering scene graph has been released, the signal will be emitted again before the next frame is rendered. A visible, on-screen QQuickWindow is driven internally by a \c{render loop}, of which there are multiple implementations provided in the scene graph. For details on the scene graph rendering process, see \l{Qt Quick Scene Graph}. By default, a QQuickWindow renders using an accelerated 3D graphics API, such as OpenGL or Vulkan. See \l{Scene Graph Adaptations} for a detailed overview of scene graph backends and the supported graphics APIs. \warning It is crucial that graphics operations and interaction with the scene graph happens exclusively on the rendering thread, primarily during the updatePaintNode() phase. \warning As many of the signals related to rendering are emitted from the rendering thread, connections should be made using Qt::DirectConnection. \section2 Integration with Accelerated 3D Graphics APIs It is possible to integrate OpenGL, Vulkan, Metal, or Direct3D 11 calls directly into the QQuickWindow, as long as the QQuickWindow and the underlying scene graph is rendering using the same API. To access native graphics objects, such as device or context object handles, use QSGRendererInterface. An instance of QSGRendererInterface is queriable from QQuickWindow by calling rendererInterface(). The enablers for this integration are the beforeRendering(), beforeRenderPassRecording(), afterRenderPassRecording(), and related signals. These allow rendering underlays or overlays. Alternatively, QNativeInterface::QSGOpenGLTexture, QNativeInterface::QSGVulkanTexture, and other similar classes allow wrapping an existing native texture or image object in a QSGTexture that can then be used with the scene graph. \section2 Rendering without Acceleration A limited, pure software based rendering path is available as well. With the \c software backend, a number of Qt Quick features are not available, QML items relying on these will not be rendered at all. At the same time, this allows QQuickWindow to be functional even on systems where there is no 3D graphics API available at all. See \l{Qt Quick Software Adaptation} for more details. \section2 Redirected Rendering A QQuickWindow is not necessarily backed by a native window on screen. The rendering can be redirected to target a custom render target, such as a given native texture. This is achieved in combination with the QQuickRenderControl class, and functions such as setRenderTarget(), setGraphicsDevice(), and setGraphicsConfiguration(). In this case, the QQuickWindow represents the scene, and provides the intrastructure for rendering a frame. It will not be backed by a render loop and a native window. Instead, in this case the application drives rendering, effectively substituting for the render loops. This allows generating image sequences, rendering into textures for use in external 3D engines, or rendering Qt Quick content within a VR environment. \section2 Resource Management QML will try to cache images and scene graph nodes to improve performance, but in some low-memory scenarios it might be required to aggressively release these resources. The releaseResources() function can be used to force the clean up of certain resources, especially resource that are cached and can be recreated later when needed again. Additionally, calling releaseResources() may result in releasing the entire scene graph and the associated graphics resources. The sceneGraphInvalidated() signal will be emitted when this happens. This behavior is controlled by the setPersistentGraphics() and setPersistentSceneGraph() functions. \note All classes with QSG prefix should be used solely on the scene graph's rendering thread. See \l {Scene Graph and Rendering} for more information. \section2 Exposure and Visibility When a QQuickWindow instance is deliberately hidden with hide() or setVisible(false), it will stop rendering and its scene graph and graphics context might be released as well. This depends on the settings configured by setPersistentGraphics() and setPersistentSceneGraph(). The behavior in this respect is identical to explicitly calling the releaseResources() function. A window can become not exposed, in other words non-renderable, by other means as well. This depends on the platform and windowing system. For example, on Windows minimizing a window makes it stop rendering. On \macos fully obscuring a window by other windows on top triggers the same. On Linux/X11, the behavior is dependent on the window manager. \section2 OpenGL Context and Surface Formats While it is possible to specify a QSurfaceFormat for every QQuickWindow by calling the member function setFormat(), windows may also be created from QML by using the Window and ApplicationWindow elements. In this case there is no C++ code involved in the creation of the window instance, yet applications may still wish to set certain surface format values, for example to request a given OpenGL version or profile. Such applications can call the static function QSurfaceFormat::setDefaultFormat() at startup. The specified format will be used for all Quick windows created afterwards. \section2 Vulkan Instance When using Vulkan, a QQuickWindow is automatically associated with a QVulkanInstance that is created and managed internally by the scene graph. This way most applications do not need to worry about having a \c VkInstance available since it all happens automatically. In advanced cases an application may wish to create its own QVulkanInstance, in order to configure it in a specific way. That is possible as well. Calling \l{QWindow::setVulkanInstance()}{setVulkanInstance()} on the QQuickWindow right after construction, before making it visible, leads to using the application-supplied QVulkanInstance (and the underlying \c VkInstance). When redirecting via QQuickRenderControl, there is no QVulkanInstance provided automatically, but rather the application is expected to provide its own and associate it with the QQuickWindow. \section2 Graphics Contexts and Devices When the scene graph is initialized, which typically happens when the window becomes exposed or, in case of redirected rendering, initialization is performed \l{QQuickRenderControl::initialize()}{via QQuickRenderControl}, the context or device objects necessary for rendering are created automatically. This includes OpenGL contexts, Direct3D devices and device contexts, Vulkan and Metal devices. These are also queriable by application code afterwards via \l{QSGRendererInterface::getResource()}{QSGRendererInterface}. When using the \c basic render loop, which performs all rendering on the GUI thread, the same context or device is used with all visible QQuickWindows. The \c threaded render loop uses a dedicated context or device object for each rendering thread, and so for each QQuickWindow. With some graphics APIs, there is a degree of customizability provided via setGraphicsConfiguration(). This makes it possible, for example, to specify the list of Vulkan extensions to enable on the \c VkDevice. Alternatively, it is also possible to provide a set of existing context or device objects for use by the QQuickWindow, instead of letting it construct its own. This is achieved through setGraphicsDevice(). \sa QQuickView, QQuickRenderControl, QQuickRenderTarget, QQuickGraphicsDevice, QQuickGraphicsConfiguration, QSGRendererInterface */ /*! Constructs a window for displaying a QML scene with parent window \a parent. */ QQuickWindow::QQuickWindow(QWindow *parent) : QQuickWindow(*new QQuickWindowPrivate, parent) { } /*! \internal */ QQuickWindow::QQuickWindow(QQuickWindowPrivate &dd, QWindow *parent) : QWindow(dd, parent) { Q_D(QQuickWindow); d->init(this); } /*! \internal */ QQuickWindow::QQuickWindow(QQuickRenderControl *control) : QWindow(*(new QQuickWindowPrivate), nullptr) { Q_D(QQuickWindow); d->init(this, control); } /*! \internal */ QQuickWindow::QQuickWindow(QQuickWindowPrivate &dd, QQuickRenderControl *control) : QWindow(dd, nullptr) { Q_D(QQuickWindow); d->init(this, control); } /*! Destroys the window. */ QQuickWindow::~QQuickWindow() { Q_D(QQuickWindow); d->inDestructor = true; if (d->renderControl) { QQuickRenderControlPrivate::get(d->renderControl)->windowDestroyed(); } else if (d->windowManager) { d->windowManager->removeWindow(this); d->windowManager->windowDestroyed(this); } delete d->incubationController; d->incubationController = nullptr; QQuickRootItem *root = d->contentItem; d->contentItem = nullptr; root->setParent(nullptr); // avoid QChildEvent delivery during deletion delete root; d->deliveryAgent = nullptr; // avoid forwarding events there during destruction d->renderJobMutex.lock(); qDeleteAll(d->beforeSynchronizingJobs); d->beforeSynchronizingJobs.clear(); qDeleteAll(d->afterSynchronizingJobs); d->afterSynchronizingJobs.clear(); qDeleteAll(d->beforeRenderingJobs); d->beforeRenderingJobs.clear(); qDeleteAll(d->afterRenderingJobs); d->afterRenderingJobs.clear(); qDeleteAll(d->afterSwapJobs); d->afterSwapJobs.clear(); d->renderJobMutex.unlock(); // It is important that the pixmap cache is cleaned up during shutdown. // Besides playing nice, this also solves a practical problem that // QQuickTextureFactory implementations in other libraries need // have their destructors loaded while they the library is still // loaded into memory. QQuickPixmap::purgeCache(); } #if QT_CONFIG(quick_shadereffect) void qtquick_shadereffect_purge_gui_thread_shader_cache(); #endif /*! This function tries to release redundant resources currently held by the QML scene. Calling this function requests the scene graph to release cached graphics resources, such as graphics pipeline objects or shader programs. \note The releasing of cached graphics resources is not dependent on the hint from setPersistentGraphics(). Additionally, depending on the render loop in use, this function may also result in the scene graph and all rendering resources to be released. If this happens, the sceneGraphInvalidated() signal will be emitted, allowing users to clean up their own graphics resources. The setPersistentGraphics() and setPersistentSceneGraph() functions can be used to prevent this from happening, if handling the cleanup is not feasible in the application, at the cost of higher memory usage. \sa sceneGraphInvalidated(), setPersistentGraphics(), setPersistentSceneGraph() */ void QQuickWindow::releaseResources() { Q_D(QQuickWindow); if (d->windowManager) d->windowManager->releaseResources(this); QQuickPixmap::purgeCache(); #if QT_CONFIG(quick_shadereffect) qtquick_shadereffect_purge_gui_thread_shader_cache(); #endif } /*! Sets whether the graphics resources (graphics device or context, swapchain, buffers, textures) should be preserved, and cannot be released until the last window is deleted, to \a persistent. The default value is true. When calling releaseResources(), or when the window gets hidden (more specifically, not renderable), some render loops have the possibility to release all, not just the cached, graphics resources. This can free up memory temporarily, but it also means the rendering engine will have to do a full, potentially costly reinitialization of the resources when the window needs to render again. \note The rules for when a window is not renderable are platform and window manager specific. \note All graphics resources are released when the last QQuickWindow is deleted, regardless of this setting. \note This is a hint, and is not guaranteed that it is taken into account. \note This hint does not apply to cached resources, that are relatively cheap to drop and then recreate later. Therefore, calling releaseResources() will typically lead to releasing those regardless of the value of this hint. \sa setPersistentSceneGraph(), sceneGraphInitialized(), sceneGraphInvalidated(), releaseResources() */ void QQuickWindow::setPersistentGraphics(bool persistent) { Q_D(QQuickWindow); d->persistentGraphics = persistent; } /*! Returns whether essential graphics resources can be released during the lifetime of the QQuickWindow. \note This is a hint, and is not guaranteed that it is taken into account. \sa setPersistentGraphics() */ bool QQuickWindow::isPersistentGraphics() const { Q_D(const QQuickWindow); return d->persistentGraphics; } /*! Sets whether the scene graph nodes and resources are \a persistent. Persistent means the nodes and resources cannot be released. The default value is \c true. When calling releaseResources(), when the window gets hidden (more specifically, not renderable), some render loops have the possibility to release the scene graph nodes and related graphics resources. This frees up memory temporarily, but will also mean the scene graph has to be rebuilt when the window renders next time. \note The rules for when a window is not renderable are platform and window manager specific. \note The scene graph nodes and resources are always released when the last QQuickWindow is deleted, regardless of this setting. \note This is a hint, and is not guaranteed that it is taken into account. \sa setPersistentGraphics(), sceneGraphInvalidated(), sceneGraphInitialized(), releaseResources() */ void QQuickWindow::setPersistentSceneGraph(bool persistent) { Q_D(QQuickWindow); d->persistentSceneGraph = persistent; } /*! Returns whether the scene graph nodes and resources can be released during the lifetime of this QQuickWindow. \note This is a hint. When and how this happens is implementation specific. */ bool QQuickWindow::isPersistentSceneGraph() const { Q_D(const QQuickWindow); return d->persistentSceneGraph; } /*! \qmlattachedproperty Item Window::contentItem \since 5.4 This attached property holds the invisible root item of the scene or \c null if the item is not in a window. The Window attached property can be attached to any Item. */ /*! \property QQuickWindow::contentItem \brief The invisible root item of the scene. A QQuickWindow always has a single invisible root item containing all of its content. To add items to this window, reparent the items to the contentItem or to an existing item in the scene. */ QQuickItem *QQuickWindow::contentItem() const { Q_D(const QQuickWindow); return d->contentItem; } /*! \property QQuickWindow::activeFocusItem \brief The item which currently has active focus or \c null if there is no item with active focus. */ QQuickItem *QQuickWindow::activeFocusItem() const { Q_D(const QQuickWindow); auto da = d->deliveryAgentPrivate(); Q_ASSERT(da); return da->activeFocusItem; } /*! \internal \reimp */ QObject *QQuickWindow::focusObject() const { Q_D(const QQuickWindow); auto da = d->deliveryAgentPrivate(); Q_ASSERT(da); if (!d->inDestructor && da->activeFocusItem) return da->activeFocusItem; return const_cast(this); } /*! \reimp */ bool QQuickWindow::event(QEvent *e) { Q_D(QQuickWindow); // bypass QWindow::event dispatching of input events: deliveryAgent takes care of it QQuickDeliveryAgent *da = d->deliveryAgent; if (e->isPointerEvent()) { /* When delivering update and release events to existing grabbers, use the subscene delivery agent, if any. A possible scenario: 1) Two touchpoints pressed on the main window: QQuickWindowPrivate::deliveryAgent delivers to QQuick3DViewport, which does picking and finds two subscenes ("root" Items mapped onto two different 3D objects) to deliver it to. 2) The QTouchEvent is split up so that each subscene sees points relevant to it. 3) During delivery to either subscene, an item in the subscene grabs. 4) The user moves finger(s) generating a move event: the correct grabber item needs to get the update via the same subscene delivery agent from which it got the press, so that the coord transform will be done properly. 5) Likewise with the touchpoint releases. With single-point events (mouse, or only one finger) it's simplified: there can only be one subscene of interest; for (pt : pe->points()) would only iterate once, so we might as well skip that logic. */ auto pe = static_cast(e); if (pe->pointCount() > 1) { bool ret = false; Q_ASSERT(QQuickDeliveryAgentPrivate::isTouchEvent(pe)); // Split up the multi-point event according to the relevant QQuickDeliveryAgent that should deliver to each existing grabber // but send ungrabbed points to d->deliveryAgent() QFlatMap> deliveryAgentsNeedingPoints; QEventPoint::States eventStates; for (const auto &pt : pe->points()) { eventStates |= pt.state(); auto *ptda = QQuickDeliveryAgent::grabberAgent(pe, pt); if (!ptda) ptda = da; if (ptda) { auto danpit = deliveryAgentsNeedingPoints.find(ptda); if (danpit == deliveryAgentsNeedingPoints.end()) { deliveryAgentsNeedingPoints.insert(ptda, QList() << pt); } else { danpit.value().append(pt); } } } // Make new touch events for each subscene, the same way QQuickItemPrivate::localizedTouchEvent() does it for (auto daAndPoints : deliveryAgentsNeedingPoints) { // if all points have the same state, set the event type accordingly QEvent::Type eventType = pe->type(); switch (eventStates) { case QEventPoint::State::Pressed: eventType = QEvent::TouchBegin; break; case QEventPoint::State::Released: eventType = QEvent::TouchEnd; break; default: eventType = QEvent::TouchUpdate; break; } QMutableTouchEvent te(eventType, pe->pointingDevice(), pe->modifiers(), daAndPoints.second); te.setTimestamp(pe->timestamp()); te.accept(); qCDebug(lcTouch) << "subscene touch:" << daAndPoints.first << "shall now receive" << &te; ret = daAndPoints.first->event(&te) || ret; } if (ret) return true; } else if (pe->pointCount() && !pe->isBeginEvent()) { // single-point event if (auto *ptda = QQuickDeliveryAgent::grabberAgent(pe, pe->points().first())) da = ptda; } // else if it has no points, it's probably a TouchCancel, and DeliveryAgent needs to handle it. // TODO should we deliver to all DAs at once then, since we don't know which one should get it? // or fix QTBUG-90851 so that the event always has points? if (da && da->event(e)) return true; } else if (e->isInputEvent()) { if (da && da->event(e)) return true; } switch (e->type()) { // a few more types that are not QInputEvents, but QQuickDeliveryAgent needs to handle them anyway case QEvent::FocusAboutToChange: case QEvent::Enter: case QEvent::Leave: case QEvent::InputMethod: case QEvent::InputMethodQuery: #if QT_CONFIG(quick_draganddrop) case QEvent::DragEnter: case QEvent::DragLeave: case QEvent::DragMove: case QEvent::Drop: #endif if (d->inDestructor) return false; if (da && da->event(e)) return true; break; case QEvent::LanguageChange: if (d->contentItem) QCoreApplication::sendEvent(d->contentItem, e); break; case QEvent::UpdateRequest: if (d->windowManager) d->windowManager->handleUpdateRequest(this); break; case QEvent::PlatformSurface: if ((static_cast(e))->surfaceEventType() == QPlatformSurfaceEvent::SurfaceAboutToBeDestroyed) { // Ensure that the rendering thread is notified before // the QPlatformWindow is destroyed. if (d->windowManager) d->windowManager->hide(this); } break; case QEvent::WindowDeactivate: if (auto da = d->deliveryAgentPrivate()) da->handleWindowDeactivate(this); break; default: break; } if (e->type() == QEvent::Type(QQuickWindowPrivate::FullUpdateRequest)) update(); else if (e->type() == QEvent::Type(QQuickWindowPrivate::TriggerContextCreationFailure)) d->windowManager->handleContextCreationFailure(this); return QWindow::event(e); } /*! \reimp */ void QQuickWindow::keyPressEvent(QKeyEvent *e) { Q_D(QQuickWindow); auto da = d->deliveryAgentPrivate(); Q_ASSERT(da); da->deliverKeyEvent(e); } /*! \reimp */ void QQuickWindow::keyReleaseEvent(QKeyEvent *e) { Q_D(QQuickWindow); auto da = d->deliveryAgentPrivate(); Q_ASSERT(da); da->deliverKeyEvent(e); } #if QT_CONFIG(wheelevent) /*! \reimp */ void QQuickWindow::wheelEvent(QWheelEvent *event) { Q_D(QQuickWindow); auto da = d->deliveryAgentPrivate(); Q_ASSERT(da); da->deliverSinglePointEventUntilAccepted(event); } #endif // wheelevent #if QT_CONFIG(tabletevent) /*! \reimp */ void QQuickWindow::tabletEvent(QTabletEvent *event) { Q_D(QQuickWindow); auto da = d->deliveryAgentPrivate(); Q_ASSERT(da); da->deliverPointerEvent(event); } #endif // tabletevent /*! \reimp */ void QQuickWindow::mousePressEvent(QMouseEvent *event) { Q_D(QQuickWindow); auto da = d->deliveryAgentPrivate(); Q_ASSERT(da); da->handleMouseEvent(event); } /*! \reimp */ void QQuickWindow::mouseMoveEvent(QMouseEvent *event) { Q_D(QQuickWindow); auto da = d->deliveryAgentPrivate(); Q_ASSERT(da); da->handleMouseEvent(event); } /*! \reimp */ void QQuickWindow::mouseDoubleClickEvent(QMouseEvent *event) { Q_D(QQuickWindow); auto da = d->deliveryAgentPrivate(); Q_ASSERT(da); da->handleMouseEvent(event); } /*! \reimp */ void QQuickWindow::mouseReleaseEvent(QMouseEvent *event) { Q_D(QQuickWindow); auto da = d->deliveryAgentPrivate(); Q_ASSERT(da); da->handleMouseEvent(event); } void QQuickWindowPrivate::flushFrameSynchronousEvents() { Q_Q(QQuickWindow); auto da = deliveryAgentPrivate(); Q_ASSERT(da); da->flushFrameSynchronousEvents(q); } #if QT_CONFIG(cursor) void QQuickWindowPrivate::updateCursor(const QPointF &scenePos, QQuickItem *rootItem) { Q_Q(QQuickWindow); if (!rootItem) rootItem = contentItem; auto cursorItemAndHandler = findCursorItemAndHandler(rootItem, scenePos); if (cursorItem != cursorItemAndHandler.first || cursorHandler != cursorItemAndHandler.second) { QWindow *renderWindow = QQuickRenderControl::renderWindowFor(q); QWindow *window = renderWindow ? renderWindow : q; cursorItem = cursorItemAndHandler.first; cursorHandler = cursorItemAndHandler.second; if (cursorItem) window->setCursor(QQuickItemPrivate::get(cursorItem)->effectiveCursor(cursorHandler)); else window->unsetCursor(); } } QPair QQuickWindowPrivate::findCursorItemAndHandler(QQuickItem *item, const QPointF &scenePos) const { QQuickItemPrivate *itemPrivate = QQuickItemPrivate::get(item); if (itemPrivate->flags & QQuickItem::ItemClipsChildrenToShape) { QPointF p = item->mapFromScene(scenePos); if (!item->contains(p)) return {nullptr, nullptr}; } if (itemPrivate->subtreeCursorEnabled) { QList children = itemPrivate->paintOrderChildItems(); for (int ii = children.count() - 1; ii >= 0; --ii) { QQuickItem *child = children.at(ii); if (!child->isVisible() || !child->isEnabled() || QQuickItemPrivate::get(child)->culled) continue; auto ret = findCursorItemAndHandler(child, scenePos); if (ret.first) return ret; } if (itemPrivate->hasCursorHandler) { if (auto handler = itemPrivate->effectiveCursorHandler()) { if (handler->parentContains(scenePos)) return {item, handler}; } } if (itemPrivate->hasCursor) { QPointF p = item->mapFromScene(scenePos); if (item->contains(p)) return {item, nullptr}; } } return {nullptr, nullptr}; } #endif /*! \qmlproperty list Window::data \default The data property allows you to freely mix visual children, resources and other Windows in a Window. If you assign another Window to the data list, the nested window will become "transient for" the outer Window. If you assign an \l Item to the data list, it becomes a child of the Window's \l contentItem, so that it appears inside the window. The item's parent will be the window's contentItem, which is the root of the Item ownership tree within that Window. If you assign any other object type, it is added as a resource. It should not generally be necessary to refer to the \c data property, as it is the default property for Window and thus all child items are automatically assigned to this property. \sa QWindow::transientParent() */ void QQuickWindowPrivate::data_append(QQmlListProperty *property, QObject *o) { if (!o) return; QQuickWindow *that = static_cast(property->object); if (QQuickWindow *window = qmlobject_cast(o)) { qCDebug(lcTransient) << window << "is transient for" << that; window->setTransientParent(that); } QQmlListProperty itemProperty = QQuickItemPrivate::get(that->contentItem())->data(); itemProperty.append(&itemProperty, o); } qsizetype QQuickWindowPrivate::data_count(QQmlListProperty *property) { QQuickWindow *win = static_cast(property->object); if (!win || !win->contentItem() || !QQuickItemPrivate::get(win->contentItem())->data().count) return 0; QQmlListProperty itemProperty = QQuickItemPrivate::get(win->contentItem())->data(); return itemProperty.count(&itemProperty); } QObject *QQuickWindowPrivate::data_at(QQmlListProperty *property, qsizetype i) { QQuickWindow *win = static_cast(property->object); QQmlListProperty itemProperty = QQuickItemPrivate::get(win->contentItem())->data(); return itemProperty.at(&itemProperty, i); } void QQuickWindowPrivate::data_clear(QQmlListProperty *property) { QQuickWindow *win = static_cast(property->object); QQmlListProperty itemProperty = QQuickItemPrivate::get(win->contentItem())->data(); itemProperty.clear(&itemProperty); } void QQuickWindowPrivate::data_replace(QQmlListProperty *property, qsizetype i, QObject *o) { QQuickWindow *win = static_cast(property->object); QQmlListProperty itemProperty = QQuickItemPrivate::get(win->contentItem())->data(); itemProperty.replace(&itemProperty, i, o); } void QQuickWindowPrivate::data_removeLast(QQmlListProperty *property) { QQuickWindow *win = static_cast(property->object); QQmlListProperty itemProperty = QQuickItemPrivate::get(win->contentItem())->data(); itemProperty.removeLast(&itemProperty); } bool QQuickWindowPrivate::isRenderable() const { Q_Q(const QQuickWindow); return ((q->isExposed() && q->isVisible())) && q->geometry().isValid(); } void QQuickWindowPrivate::rhiCreationFailureMessage(const QString &backendName, QString *translatedMessage, QString *untranslatedMessage) { const char msg[] = QT_TRANSLATE_NOOP("QQuickWindow", "Failed to initialize graphics backend for %1."); *translatedMessage = QQuickWindow::tr(msg).arg(backendName); *untranslatedMessage = QString::fromLatin1(msg).arg(backendName); } void QQuickWindowPrivate::cleanupNodes() { for (int ii = 0; ii < cleanupNodeList.count(); ++ii) delete cleanupNodeList.at(ii); cleanupNodeList.clear(); } void QQuickWindowPrivate::cleanupNodesOnShutdown(QQuickItem *item) { QQuickItemPrivate *p = QQuickItemPrivate::get(item); if (p->itemNodeInstance) { delete p->itemNodeInstance; p->itemNodeInstance = nullptr; if (p->extra.isAllocated()) { p->extra->opacityNode = nullptr; p->extra->clipNode = nullptr; p->extra->rootNode = nullptr; } p->paintNode = nullptr; p->dirty(QQuickItemPrivate::Window); } // Qt 6: Make invalidateSceneGraph a virtual member of QQuickItem if (p->flags & QQuickItem::ItemHasContents) { const QMetaObject *mo = item->metaObject(); int index = mo->indexOfSlot("invalidateSceneGraph()"); if (index >= 0) { const QMetaMethod &method = mo->method(index); // Skip functions named invalidateSceneGraph() in QML items. if (strstr(method.enclosingMetaObject()->className(), "_QML_") == nullptr) method.invoke(item, Qt::DirectConnection); } } for (int ii = 0; ii < p->childItems.count(); ++ii) cleanupNodesOnShutdown(p->childItems.at(ii)); } // This must be called from the render thread, with the main thread frozen void QQuickWindowPrivate::cleanupNodesOnShutdown() { Q_Q(QQuickWindow); cleanupNodes(); cleanupNodesOnShutdown(contentItem); for (QSet::const_iterator it = parentlessItems.begin(), cend = parentlessItems.end(); it != cend; ++it) cleanupNodesOnShutdown(*it); animationController->windowNodesDestroyed(); q->cleanupSceneGraph(); } void QQuickWindowPrivate::updateDirtyNodes() { qCDebug(lcDirty) << "QQuickWindowPrivate::updateDirtyNodes():"; cleanupNodes(); QQuickItem *updateList = dirtyItemList; dirtyItemList = nullptr; if (updateList) QQuickItemPrivate::get(updateList)->prevDirtyItem = &updateList; while (updateList) { QQuickItem *item = updateList; QQuickItemPrivate *itemPriv = QQuickItemPrivate::get(item); itemPriv->removeFromDirtyList(); qCDebug(lcDirty) << " QSGNode:" << item << qPrintable(itemPriv->dirtyToString()); updateDirtyNode(item); } } static inline QSGNode *qquickitem_before_paintNode(QQuickItemPrivate *d) { const QList childItems = d->paintOrderChildItems(); QQuickItem *before = nullptr; for (int i=0; iz() < 0 && (dd->explicitVisible || (dd->extra.isAllocated() && dd->extra->effectRefCount))) before = childItems.at(i); else break; } return Q_UNLIKELY(before) ? QQuickItemPrivate::get(before)->itemNode() : nullptr; } static QSGNode *fetchNextNode(QQuickItemPrivate *itemPriv, int &ii, bool &returnedPaintNode) { QList orderedChildren = itemPriv->paintOrderChildItems(); for (; ii < orderedChildren.count() && orderedChildren.at(ii)->z() < 0; ++ii) { QQuickItemPrivate *childPrivate = QQuickItemPrivate::get(orderedChildren.at(ii)); if (!childPrivate->explicitVisible && (!childPrivate->extra.isAllocated() || !childPrivate->extra->effectRefCount)) continue; ii++; return childPrivate->itemNode(); } if (itemPriv->paintNode && !returnedPaintNode) { returnedPaintNode = true; return itemPriv->paintNode; } for (; ii < orderedChildren.count(); ++ii) { QQuickItemPrivate *childPrivate = QQuickItemPrivate::get(orderedChildren.at(ii)); if (!childPrivate->explicitVisible && (!childPrivate->extra.isAllocated() || !childPrivate->extra->effectRefCount)) continue; ii++; return childPrivate->itemNode(); } return nullptr; } void QQuickWindowPrivate::updateDirtyNode(QQuickItem *item) { QQuickItemPrivate *itemPriv = QQuickItemPrivate::get(item); quint32 dirty = itemPriv->dirtyAttributes; itemPriv->dirtyAttributes = 0; if ((dirty & QQuickItemPrivate::TransformUpdateMask) || (dirty & QQuickItemPrivate::Size && itemPriv->origin() != QQuickItem::TopLeft && (itemPriv->scale() != 1. || itemPriv->rotation() != 0.))) { QMatrix4x4 matrix; if (itemPriv->x != 0. || itemPriv->y != 0.) matrix.translate(itemPriv->x, itemPriv->y); for (int ii = itemPriv->transforms.count() - 1; ii >= 0; --ii) itemPriv->transforms.at(ii)->applyTo(&matrix); if (itemPriv->scale() != 1. || itemPriv->rotation() != 0.) { QPointF origin = item->transformOriginPoint(); matrix.translate(origin.x(), origin.y()); if (itemPriv->scale() != 1.) matrix.scale(itemPriv->scale(), itemPriv->scale()); if (itemPriv->rotation() != 0.) matrix.rotate(itemPriv->rotation(), 0, 0, 1); matrix.translate(-origin.x(), -origin.y()); } itemPriv->itemNode()->setMatrix(matrix); } bool clipEffectivelyChanged = (dirty & (QQuickItemPrivate::Clip | QQuickItemPrivate::Window)) && ((item->clip() == false) != (itemPriv->clipNode() == nullptr)); int effectRefCount = itemPriv->extra.isAllocated()?itemPriv->extra->effectRefCount:0; bool effectRefEffectivelyChanged = (dirty & (QQuickItemPrivate::EffectReference | QQuickItemPrivate::Window)) && ((effectRefCount == 0) != (itemPriv->rootNode() == nullptr)); if (clipEffectivelyChanged) { QSGNode *parent = itemPriv->opacityNode() ? (QSGNode *) itemPriv->opacityNode() : (QSGNode *) itemPriv->itemNode(); QSGNode *child = itemPriv->rootNode(); if (item->clip()) { Q_ASSERT(itemPriv->clipNode() == nullptr); QQuickDefaultClipNode *clip = new QQuickDefaultClipNode(item->clipRect()); itemPriv->extra.value().clipNode = clip; clip->update(); if (!child) { parent->reparentChildNodesTo(clip); parent->appendChildNode(clip); } else { parent->removeChildNode(child); clip->appendChildNode(child); parent->appendChildNode(clip); } } else { QQuickDefaultClipNode *clip = itemPriv->clipNode(); Q_ASSERT(clip); parent->removeChildNode(clip); if (child) { clip->removeChildNode(child); parent->appendChildNode(child); } else { clip->reparentChildNodesTo(parent); } delete itemPriv->clipNode(); itemPriv->extra->clipNode = nullptr; } } if (effectRefEffectivelyChanged) { if (dirty & QQuickItemPrivate::ChildrenUpdateMask) itemPriv->childContainerNode()->removeAllChildNodes(); QSGNode *parent = itemPriv->clipNode(); if (!parent) parent = itemPriv->opacityNode(); if (!parent) parent = itemPriv->itemNode(); if (itemPriv->extra.isAllocated() && itemPriv->extra->effectRefCount) { Q_ASSERT(itemPriv->rootNode() == nullptr); QSGRootNode *root = new QSGRootNode(); itemPriv->extra->rootNode = root; parent->reparentChildNodesTo(root); parent->appendChildNode(root); } else { Q_ASSERT(itemPriv->rootNode() != nullptr); QSGRootNode *root = itemPriv->rootNode(); parent->removeChildNode(root); root->reparentChildNodesTo(parent); delete itemPriv->rootNode(); itemPriv->extra->rootNode = nullptr; } } if (dirty & QQuickItemPrivate::ChildrenUpdateMask) { int ii = 0; bool fetchedPaintNode = false; QList orderedChildren = itemPriv->paintOrderChildItems(); int desiredNodesSize = orderedChildren.size() + (itemPriv->paintNode ? 1 : 0); // now start making current state match the promised land of // desiredNodes. in the case of our current state matching desiredNodes // (though why would we get ChildrenUpdateMask with no changes?) then we // should make no changes at all. // how many nodes did we process, when examining changes int desiredNodesProcessed = 0; // currentNode is how far, in our present tree, we have processed. we // make use of this later on to trim the current child list if the // desired list is shorter. QSGNode *groupNode = itemPriv->childContainerNode(); QSGNode *currentNode = groupNode->firstChild(); int added = 0; int removed = 0; int replaced = 0; QSGNode *desiredNode = nullptr; while (currentNode && (desiredNode = fetchNextNode(itemPriv, ii, fetchedPaintNode))) { // uh oh... reality and our utopic paradise are diverging! // we need to reconcile this... if (currentNode != desiredNode) { // for now, we're just removing the node from the children - // and replacing it with the new node. if (desiredNode->parent()) desiredNode->parent()->removeChildNode(desiredNode); groupNode->insertChildNodeAfter(desiredNode, currentNode); groupNode->removeChildNode(currentNode); replaced++; // since we just replaced currentNode, we also need to reset // the pointer. currentNode = desiredNode; } currentNode = currentNode->nextSibling(); desiredNodesProcessed++; } // if we didn't process as many nodes as in the new list, then we have // more nodes at the end of desiredNodes to append to our list. // this will be the case when adding new nodes, for instance. if (desiredNodesProcessed < desiredNodesSize) { while ((desiredNode = fetchNextNode(itemPriv, ii, fetchedPaintNode))) { if (desiredNode->parent()) desiredNode->parent()->removeChildNode(desiredNode); groupNode->appendChildNode(desiredNode); added++; } } else if (currentNode) { // on the other hand, if we processed less than our current node // tree, then nodes have been _removed_ from the scene, and we need // to take care of that here. while (currentNode) { QSGNode *node = currentNode->nextSibling(); groupNode->removeChildNode(currentNode); currentNode = node; removed++; } } } if ((dirty & QQuickItemPrivate::Size) && itemPriv->clipNode()) { itemPriv->clipNode()->setRect(item->clipRect()); itemPriv->clipNode()->update(); } if (dirty & (QQuickItemPrivate::OpacityValue | QQuickItemPrivate::Visible | QQuickItemPrivate::HideReference | QQuickItemPrivate::Window)) { qreal opacity = itemPriv->explicitVisible && (!itemPriv->extra.isAllocated() || itemPriv->extra->hideRefCount == 0) ? itemPriv->opacity() : qreal(0); if (opacity != 1 && !itemPriv->opacityNode()) { QSGOpacityNode *node = new QSGOpacityNode; itemPriv->extra.value().opacityNode = node; QSGNode *parent = itemPriv->itemNode(); QSGNode *child = itemPriv->clipNode(); if (!child) child = itemPriv->rootNode(); if (child) { parent->removeChildNode(child); node->appendChildNode(child); parent->appendChildNode(node); } else { parent->reparentChildNodesTo(node); parent->appendChildNode(node); } } if (itemPriv->opacityNode()) itemPriv->opacityNode()->setOpacity(opacity); } if (dirty & QQuickItemPrivate::ContentUpdateMask) { if (itemPriv->flags & QQuickItem::ItemHasContents) { updatePaintNodeData.transformNode = itemPriv->itemNode(); itemPriv->paintNode = item->updatePaintNode(itemPriv->paintNode, &updatePaintNodeData); Q_ASSERT(itemPriv->paintNode == nullptr || itemPriv->paintNode->parent() == nullptr || itemPriv->paintNode->parent() == itemPriv->childContainerNode()); if (itemPriv->paintNode && itemPriv->paintNode->parent() == nullptr) { QSGNode *before = qquickitem_before_paintNode(itemPriv); if (before && before->parent()) { Q_ASSERT(before->parent() == itemPriv->childContainerNode()); itemPriv->childContainerNode()->insertChildNodeAfter(itemPriv->paintNode, before); } else { itemPriv->childContainerNode()->prependChildNode(itemPriv->paintNode); } } } else if (itemPriv->paintNode) { delete itemPriv->paintNode; itemPriv->paintNode = nullptr; } } #ifndef QT_NO_DEBUG // Check consistency. QList nodes; nodes << itemPriv->itemNodeInstance << itemPriv->opacityNode() << itemPriv->clipNode() << itemPriv->rootNode() << itemPriv->paintNode; nodes.removeAll(nullptr); Q_ASSERT(nodes.constFirst() == itemPriv->itemNodeInstance); for (int i=1; iparent() == nodes.at(i-1)); // Only the paintNode and the one who is childContainer may have more than one child. Q_ASSERT(n == itemPriv->paintNode || n == itemPriv->childContainerNode() || n->childCount() == 1); } #endif } bool QQuickWindowPrivate::emitError(QQuickWindow::SceneGraphError error, const QString &msg) { Q_Q(QQuickWindow); static const QMetaMethod errorSignal = QMetaMethod::fromSignal(&QQuickWindow::sceneGraphError); if (q->isSignalConnected(errorSignal)) { emit q->sceneGraphError(error, msg); return true; } return false; } void QQuickWindow::maybeUpdate() { Q_D(QQuickWindow); if (d->renderControl) QQuickRenderControlPrivate::get(d->renderControl)->maybeUpdate(); else if (d->windowManager) d->windowManager->maybeUpdate(this); } void QQuickWindow::cleanupSceneGraph() { Q_D(QQuickWindow); if (!d->renderer) return; delete d->renderer->rootNode(); delete d->renderer; d->renderer = nullptr; d->runAndClearJobs(&d->beforeSynchronizingJobs); d->runAndClearJobs(&d->afterSynchronizingJobs); d->runAndClearJobs(&d->beforeRenderingJobs); d->runAndClearJobs(&d->afterRenderingJobs); d->runAndClearJobs(&d->afterSwapJobs); } void QQuickWindow::setTransientParent_helper(QQuickWindow *window) { qCDebug(lcTransient) << this << "is transient for" << window; setTransientParent(window); disconnect(sender(), SIGNAL(windowChanged(QQuickWindow*)), this, SLOT(setTransientParent_helper(QQuickWindow*))); } QOpenGLContext *QQuickWindowPrivate::openglContext() { #if QT_CONFIG(opengl) if (context && context->isValid()) { QSGRendererInterface *rif = context->sceneGraphContext()->rendererInterface(context); if (rif) { Q_Q(QQuickWindow); return reinterpret_cast(rif->getResource(q, QSGRendererInterface::OpenGLContextResource)); } } #endif return nullptr; } /*! Returns true if the scene graph has been initialized; otherwise returns false. */ bool QQuickWindow::isSceneGraphInitialized() const { Q_D(const QQuickWindow); return d->context != nullptr && d->context->isValid(); } /*! \fn void QQuickWindow::frameSwapped() This signal is emitted when a frame has been queued for presenting. With vertical synchronization enabled the signal is emitted at most once per vsync interval in a continuously animating scene. This signal will be emitted from the scene graph rendering thread. */ /*! \qmlsignal QtQuick.Window::Window::frameSwapped() This signal is emitted when a frame has been queued for presenting. With vertical synchronization enabled the signal is emitted at most once per vsync interval in a continuously animating scene. */ /*! \fn void QQuickWindow::sceneGraphInitialized() This signal is emitted when the scene graph has been initialized. This signal will be emitted from the scene graph rendering thread. */ /*! \qmlsignal QtQuick.Window::Window::sceneGraphInitialized() \internal */ /*! \fn void QQuickWindow::sceneGraphInvalidated() This signal is emitted when the scene graph has been invalidated. This signal implies that the graphics rendering context used has been invalidated and all user resources tied to that context should be released. When rendering with OpenGL, the QOpenGLContext of this window will be bound when this function is called. The only exception is if the native OpenGL has been destroyed outside Qt's control, for instance through EGL_CONTEXT_LOST. This signal will be emitted from the scene graph rendering thread. */ /*! \qmlsignal QtQuick.Window::Window::sceneGraphInvalidated() \internal */ /*! \fn void QQuickWindow::sceneGraphError(SceneGraphError error, const QString &message) This signal is emitted when an \a error occurred during scene graph initialization. Applications should connect to this signal if they wish to handle errors, like graphics context creation failures, in a custom way. When no slot is connected to the signal, the behavior will be different: Quick will print the \a message, or show a message box, and terminate the application. This signal will be emitted from the GUI thread. \since 5.3 */ /*! \qmlsignal QtQuick.Window::Window::sceneGraphError(SceneGraphError error, QString message) This signal is emitted when an \a error occurred during scene graph initialization. You can implement onSceneGraphError(error, message) to handle errors, such as graphics context creation failures, in a custom way. If no handler is connected to this signal, Quick will print the \a message, or show a message box, and terminate the application. \since 5.3 */ /*! \class QQuickCloseEvent \internal \since 5.1 \inmodule QtQuick \brief Notification that a \l QQuickWindow is about to be closed */ /*! \qmltype CloseEvent \instantiates QQuickCloseEvent \inqmlmodule QtQuick.Window \ingroup qtquick-visual \brief Notification that a \l Window is about to be closed. \since 5.1 Notification that a window is about to be closed by the windowing system (e.g. the user clicked the title bar close button). The CloseEvent contains an accepted property which can be set to false to abort closing the window. \sa QQuickWindow::closing() */ /*! \qmlproperty bool CloseEvent::accepted This property indicates whether the application will allow the user to close the window. It is true by default. */ /*! \fn void QQuickWindow::closing(QQuickCloseEvent *close) \since 5.1 This signal is emitted when the window receives the event \a close from the windowing system. On \macOs, Qt will create a menu item \c Quit if there is no menu item whose text is "quit" or "exit". This menu item calls the \c QCoreApplication::quit signal, not the \c QQuickWindow::closing() signal. \sa {QMenuBar as a Global Menu Bar} */ /*! \qmlsignal QtQuick.Window::Window::closing(CloseEvent close) \since 5.1 This signal is emitted when the user tries to close the window. This signal includes a \a close parameter. The \c {close.accepted} property is true by default so that the window is allowed to close; but you can implement an \c onClosing handler and set \c {close.accepted = false} if you need to do something else before the window can be closed. */ /*! Sets the render target for this window to be \a target. A QQuickRenderTarget serves as an opaque handle for a renderable native object, most commonly a 2D texture, and associated metadata, such as the size in pixels. A default constructed QQuickRenderTarget means no redirection. A valid \a target, created via one of the static QQuickRenderTarget factory functions, on the other hand, enables redirection of the rendering of the Qt Quick scene: it will no longer target the color buffers for the surface associated with the window, but rather the textures or other graphics objects specified in \a target. For example, assuming the scenegraph is using Vulkan to render, one can redirect its output into a \c VkImage. For graphics APIs like Vulkan, the image layout must be provided as well. QQuickRenderTarget instances are implicitly shared and are copyable and can be passed by value. They do not own the associated native objects (such as, the VkImage in the example), however. \badcode QQuickRenderTarget rt = QQuickRenderTarget::fromVulkanImage(vulkanImage, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_PREINITIALIZED, pixelSize); quickWindow->setRenderTarget(rt); \endcode This function is very often used in combination with QQuickRenderControl and an invisible QQuickWindow, in order to render Qt Quick content into a texture, without creating an on-screen native window for this QQuickWindow. When the desired target, or associated data, such as the size, changes, call this function with a new QQuickRenderTarget. Constructing QQuickRenderTarget instances and calling this function is cheap, but be aware that setting a new \a target with a different native object or other data may lead to potentially expensive initialization steps when the scenegraph is about to render the next frame. Therefore change the target only when necessary. \note This function should not be used when using the \c software backend. Instead, use grabWindow() to render the content into a QImage. \note The window does not take ownership of any native objects referenced in \a target. \note It is the caller's responsibility to ensure the native objects referred to in \a target are valid for the scenegraph renderer too. For instance, with Vulkan, Metal, and Direct3D this implies that the texture or image is created on the same graphics device that is used by the scenegraph internally. Therefore, when texture objects created on an already existing device or context are involved, this function is often used in combination with setGraphicsDevice(). \note With graphics APIs where relevant, the application must pay attention to image layout transitions performed by the scenegraph. For example, once a VkImage is associated with the scenegraph by calling this function, its layout will transition to \c VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL when rendering a frame. \warning This function can only be called from the thread doing the rendering. \since 6.0 \sa QQuickRenderControl, setGraphicsDevice(), setGraphicsApi() */ void QQuickWindow::setRenderTarget(const QQuickRenderTarget &target) { Q_D(QQuickWindow); if (target != d->customRenderTarget) { d->customRenderTarget = target; d->redirect.renderTargetDirty = true; } } /*! \return the QQuickRenderTarget passed to setRenderTarget(), or a default constructed one otherwise \since 6.0 \sa setRenderTarget() */ QQuickRenderTarget QQuickWindow::renderTarget() const { Q_D(const QQuickWindow); return d->customRenderTarget; } /*! Grabs the contents of the window and returns it as an image. It is possible to call the grabWindow() function when the window is not visible. This requires that the window is \l{QWindow::create()} {created} and has a valid size and that no other QQuickWindow instances are rendering in the same process. \note When using this window in combination with QQuickRenderControl, the result of this function is an empty image, unless the \c software backend is in use. This is because when redirecting the output to an application-managed graphics resource (such as, a texture) by using QQuickRenderControl and setRenderTarget(), the application is better suited for managing and executing an eventual read back operation, since it is in full control of the resource to begin with. \warning Calling this function will cause performance problems. \warning This function can only be called from the GUI thread. */ QImage QQuickWindow::grabWindow() { Q_D(QQuickWindow); if (!isVisible() && !d->renderControl) { // backends like software can grab regardless of the window state if (d->windowManager && (d->windowManager->flags() & QSGRenderLoop::SupportsGrabWithoutExpose)) return d->windowManager->grab(this); if (!isSceneGraphInitialized() && QSGRhiSupport::instance()->isRhiEnabled()) { // We do not have rendering up and running. Forget the render loop, // do a frame completely offscreen and synchronously into a // texture. This can be *very* slow due to all the device/context // and resource initialization but the documentation warns for it, // and is still important for some use cases. Q_ASSERT(!d->rhi); return QSGRhiSupport::instance()->grabOffscreen(this); } } // The common case: we have an exposed window with an initialized // scenegraph, meaning we can request grabbing via the render loop, or we // are not targeting the window, in which case the request is to be // forwarded to the rendercontrol. if (d->renderControl) return QQuickRenderControlPrivate::get(d->renderControl)->grab(); else if (d->windowManager) return d->windowManager->grab(this); return QImage(); } /*! Returns an incubation controller that splices incubation between frames for this window. QQuickView automatically installs this controller for you, otherwise you will need to install it yourself using \l{QQmlEngine::setIncubationController()}. The controller is owned by the window and will be destroyed when the window is deleted. */ QQmlIncubationController *QQuickWindow::incubationController() const { Q_D(const QQuickWindow); if (!d->windowManager) return nullptr; // TODO: make sure that this is safe if (!d->incubationController) d->incubationController = new QQuickWindowIncubationController(d->windowManager); return d->incubationController; } /*! \enum QQuickWindow::CreateTextureOption The CreateTextureOption enums are used to customize a texture is wrapped. \value TextureHasAlphaChannel The texture has an alpha channel and should be drawn using blending. \value TextureHasMipmaps The texture has mipmaps and can be drawn with mipmapping enabled. \value TextureOwnsGLTexture As of Qt 6.0, this flag is not used in practice and is ignored. Native graphics resource ownership is not transferable to the wrapping QSGTexture, because Qt Quick may not have the necessary details on how such an object and the associated memory should be freed. \value TextureCanUseAtlas The image can be uploaded into a texture atlas. \value TextureIsOpaque The texture will return false for QSGTexture::hasAlphaChannel() and will not be blended. This flag was added in Qt 5.6. */ /*! \enum QQuickWindow::SceneGraphError This enum describes the error in a sceneGraphError() signal. \value ContextNotAvailable graphics context creation failed. This typically means that no suitable OpenGL implementation was found, for example because no graphics drivers are installed and so no OpenGL 2 support is present. On mobile and embedded boards that use OpenGL ES such an error is likely to indicate issues in the windowing system integration and possibly an incorrect configuration of Qt. \since 5.3 */ /*! \enum QQuickWindow::TextRenderType \since 5.10 This enum describes the default render type of text-like elements in Qt Quick (\l Text, \l TextInput, etc.). Select NativeTextRendering if you prefer text to look native on the target platform and do not require advanced features such as transformation of the text. Using such features in combination with the NativeTextRendering render type will lend poor and sometimes pixelated results. \value QtTextRendering Use Qt's own rasterization algorithm. \value NativeTextRendering Use the operating system's native rasterizer for text. */ /*! \fn void QQuickWindow::beforeSynchronizing() This signal is emitted before the scene graph is synchronized with the QML state. Even though the signal is emitted from the scene graph rendering thread, the GUI thread is guaranteed to be blocked, like it is in QQuickItem::updatePaintNode(). Therefore, it is safe to access GUI thread thread data in a slot or lambda that is connected with Qt::DirectConnection. This signal can be used to do any preparation required before calls to QQuickItem::updatePaintNode(). When using OpenGL, the QOpenGLContext used for rendering by the scene graph will be bound at this point. \warning This signal is emitted from the scene graph rendering thread. If your slot function needs to finish before execution continues, you must make sure that the connection is direct (see Qt::ConnectionType). \warning When using OpenGL, be aware that setting OpenGL 3.x or 4.x specific states and leaving these enabled or set to non-default values when returning from the connected slot can interfere with the scene graph's rendering. */ /*! \qmlsignal QtQuick.Window::Window::beforeSynchronizing() \internal */ /*! \fn void QQuickWindow::afterSynchronizing() This signal is emitted after the scene graph is synchronized with the QML state. This signal can be used to do preparation required after calls to QQuickItem::updatePaintNode(), while the GUI thread is still locked. When using OpenGL, the QOpenGLContext used for rendering by the scene graph will be bound at this point. \warning This signal is emitted from the scene graph rendering thread. If your slot function needs to finish before execution continues, you must make sure that the connection is direct (see Qt::ConnectionType). \warning When using OpenGL, be aware that setting OpenGL 3.x or 4.x specific states and leaving these enabled or set to non-default values when returning from the connected slot can interfere with the scene graph's rendering. \since 5.3 */ /*! \qmlsignal QtQuick.Window::Window::afterSynchronizing() \internal \since 5.3 */ /*! \fn void QQuickWindow::beforeRendering() This signal is emitted after the preparations for the frame have been done, meaning there is a command buffer in recording mode, where applicable. If desired, the slot function connected to this signal can query native resources like the command before via QSGRendererInterface. Note however that the recording of the main render pass is not yet started at this point and it is not possible to add commands within that pass. Starting a pass means clearing the color, depth, and stencil buffers so it is not possible to achieve an underlay type of rendering by just connecting to this signal. Rather, connect to beforeRenderPassRecording(). However, connecting to this signal is still important if the recording of copy type of commands is desired since those cannot be enqueued within a render pass. When using OpenGL, the QOpenGLContext used for rendering by the scene graph will be bound at this point. \warning This signal is emitted from the scene graph rendering thread. If your slot function needs to finish before execution continues, you must make sure that the connection is direct (see Qt::ConnectionType). \warning When using OpenGL, be aware that setting OpenGL 3.x or 4.x specific states and leaving these enabled or set to non-default values when returning from the connected slot can interfere with the scene graph's rendering. \sa rendererInterface(), {Scene Graph - OpenGL Under QML}, {Scene Graph - Metal Under QML}, {Scene Graph - Vulkan Under QML}, {Scene Graph - Direct3D 11 Under QML} */ /*! \qmlsignal QtQuick.Window::Window::beforeRendering() \internal */ /*! \fn void QQuickWindow::afterRendering() The signal is emitted after scene graph has added its commands to the command buffer, which is not yet submitted to the graphics queue. If desired, the slot function connected to this signal can query native resources, like the command buffer, before via QSGRendererInterface. Note however that the render pass (or passes) are already recorded at this point and it is not possible to add more commands within the scenegraph's pass. Instead, use afterRenderPassRecording() for that. This signal has therefore limited use in Qt 6, unlike in Qt 5. Rather, it is the combination of beforeRendering() and beforeRenderPassRecording(), or beforeRendering() and afterRenderPassRecording(), that is typically used to achieve under- or overlaying of the custom rendering. When using OpenGL, the QOpenGLContext used for rendering by the scene graph will be bound at this point. \warning This signal is emitted from the scene graph rendering thread. If your slot function needs to finish before execution continues, you must make sure that the connection is direct (see Qt::ConnectionType). \warning When using OpenGL, be aware that setting OpenGL 3.x or 4.x specific states and leaving these enabled or set to non-default values when returning from the connected slot can interfere with the scene graph's rendering. \sa rendererInterface(), {Scene Graph - OpenGL Under QML}, {Scene Graph - Metal Under QML}, {Scene Graph - Vulkan Under QML}, {Scene Graph - Direct3D 11 Under QML} */ /*! \qmlsignal QtQuick.Window::Window::afterRendering() \internal */ /*! \fn void QQuickWindow::beforeRenderPassRecording() This signal is emitted before the scenegraph starts recording commands for the main render pass. (Layers have their own passes and are fully recorded by the time this signal is emitted.) The render pass is already active on the command buffer when the signal is emitted. This signal is emitted later than beforeRendering() and it guarantees that not just the frame, but also the recording of the scenegraph's main render pass is active. This allows inserting commands without having to generate an entire, separate render pass (which would typically clear the attached images). The native graphics objects can be queried via QSGRendererInterface. \note Resource updates (uploads, copies) typically cannot be enqueued from within a render pass. Therefore, more complex user rendering will need to connect to both beforeRendering() and this signal. \warning This signal is emitted from the scene graph rendering thread. If your slot function needs to finish before execution continues, you must make sure that the connection is direct (see Qt::ConnectionType). \sa rendererInterface() \since 5.14 */ /*! \qmlsignal QtQuick.Window::Window::beforeRenderPassRecording() \internal \since 5.14 */ /*! \fn void QQuickWindow::afterRenderPassRecording() This signal is emitted after the scenegraph has recorded the commands for its main render pass, but the pass is not yet finalized on the command buffer. This signal is emitted earlier than afterRendering(), and it guarantees that not just the frame but also the recording of the scenegraph's main render pass is still active. This allows inserting commands without having to generate an entire, separate render pass (which would typically clear the attached images). The native graphics objects can be queried via QSGRendererInterface. \note Resource updates (uploads, copies) typically cannot be enqueued from within a render pass. Therefore, more complex user rendering will need to connect to both beforeRendering() and this signal. \warning This signal is emitted from the scene graph rendering thread. If your slot function needs to finish before execution continues, you must make sure that the connection is direct (see Qt::ConnectionType). \sa rendererInterface() \since 5.14 */ /*! \fn void QQuickWindow::beforeFrameBegin() This signal is emitted before the scene graph starts preparing the frame. This precedes signals like beforeSynchronizing() or beforeRendering(). It is the earliest signal that is emitted by the scene graph rendering thread when starting to prepare a new frame. This signal is relevant for lower level graphics frameworks that need to execute certain operations, such as resource cleanup, at a stage where Qt Quick has not initiated the recording of a new frame via the underlying rendering hardware interface APIs. \warning This signal is emitted from the scene graph rendering thread. If your slot function needs to finish before execution continues, you must make sure that the connection is direct (see Qt::ConnectionType). \since 6.0 \sa afterFrameEnd(), rendererInterface() */ /*! \qmlsignal QtQuick.Window::Window::beforeFrameBegin() \internal */ /*! \fn void QQuickWindow::afterFrameEnd() This signal is emitted when the scene graph has submitted a frame. This is emitted after all other related signals, such as afterRendering(). It is the last signal that is emitted by the scene graph rendering thread when rendering a frame. \note Unlike frameSwapped(), this signal is guaranteed to be emitted also when the Qt Quick output is redirected via QQuickRenderControl. \warning This signal is emitted from the scene graph rendering thread. If your slot function needs to finish before execution continues, you must make sure that the connection is direct (see Qt::ConnectionType). \since 6.0 \sa beforeFrameBegin(), rendererInterface() */ /*! \qmlsignal QtQuick.Window::Window::afterFrameEnd() \internal */ /*! \qmlsignal QtQuick.Window::Window::afterRenderPassRecording() \internal \since 5.14 */ /*! \fn void QQuickWindow::afterAnimating() This signal is emitted on the GUI thread before requesting the render thread to perform the synchronization of the scene graph. Unlike the other similar signals, this one is emitted on the GUI thread instead of the render thread. It can be used to synchronize external animation systems with the QML content. At the same time this means that this signal is not suitable for triggering graphics operations. \since 5.3 */ /*! \qmlsignal QtQuick.Window::Window::afterAnimating() This signal is emitted on the GUI thread before requesting the render thread to perform the synchronization of the scene graph. You can implement onAfterAnimating to do additional processing after each animation step. \since 5.3 */ /*! \fn void QQuickWindow::sceneGraphAboutToStop() This signal is emitted on the render thread when the scene graph is about to stop rendering. This happens usually because the window has been hidden. Applications may use this signal to release resources, but should be prepared to reinstantiated them again fast. The scene graph and the graphics context are not released at this time. \warning This signal is emitted from the scene graph rendering thread. If your slot function needs to finish before execution continues, you must make sure that the connection is direct (see Qt::ConnectionType). \warning Make very sure that a signal handler for sceneGraphAboutToStop() leaves the graphics context in the same state as it was when the signal handler was entered. Failing to do so can result in the scene not rendering properly. \sa sceneGraphInvalidated() \since 5.3 */ /*! \qmlsignal QtQuick.Window::Window::sceneGraphAboutToStop() \internal \since 5.3 */ /*! \overload */ QSGTexture *QQuickWindow::createTextureFromImage(const QImage &image) const { return createTextureFromImage(image, {}); } /*! Creates a new QSGTexture from the supplied \a image. If the image has an alpha channel, the corresponding texture will have an alpha channel. The caller of the function is responsible for deleting the returned texture. The underlying native texture object is then destroyed together with the QSGTexture. When \a options contains TextureCanUseAtlas, the engine may put the image into a texture atlas. Textures in an atlas need to rely on QSGTexture::normalizedTextureSubRect() for their geometry and will not support QSGTexture::Repeat. Other values from CreateTextureOption are ignored. When \a options contains TextureIsOpaque, the engine will create an RGB texture which returns false for QSGTexture::hasAlphaChannel(). Opaque textures will in most cases be faster to render. When this flag is not set, the texture will have an alpha channel based on the image's format. When \a options contains TextureHasMipmaps, the engine will create a texture which can use mipmap filtering. Mipmapped textures can not be in an atlas. When the scene graph uses OpenGL, the returned texture will be using \c GL_TEXTURE_2D as texture target and \c GL_RGBA as internal format. With other graphics APIs, the texture format is typically \c RGBA8. Reimplement QSGTexture to create textures with different parameters. \warning This function will return 0 if the scene graph has not yet been initialized. \warning The returned texture is not memory managed by the scene graph and must be explicitly deleted by the caller on the rendering thread. This is achieved by deleting the texture from a QSGNode destructor or by using deleteLater() in the case where the texture already has affinity to the rendering thread. This function can be called from any thread. \sa sceneGraphInitialized(), QSGTexture */ QSGTexture *QQuickWindow::createTextureFromImage(const QImage &image, CreateTextureOptions options) const { Q_D(const QQuickWindow); if (!isSceneGraphInitialized()) // check both for d->context and d->context->isValid() return nullptr; uint flags = 0; if (options & TextureCanUseAtlas) flags |= QSGRenderContext::CreateTexture_Atlas; if (options & TextureHasMipmaps) flags |= QSGRenderContext::CreateTexture_Mipmap; if (!(options & TextureIsOpaque)) flags |= QSGRenderContext::CreateTexture_Alpha; return d->context->createTexture(image, flags); } QSGTexture *QQuickWindowPrivate::createTextureFromNativeTexture(quint64 nativeObjectHandle, int nativeLayout, const QSize &size, QQuickWindow::CreateTextureOptions options, TextureFromNativeTextureFlags flags) const { if (!rhi) return nullptr; QSGPlainTexture *texture = new QSGPlainTexture; texture->setTextureFromNativeTexture(rhi, nativeObjectHandle, nativeLayout, size, options, flags); texture->setHasAlphaChannel(options & QQuickWindow::TextureHasAlphaChannel); // note that the QRhiTexture does not (and cannot) own the native object texture->setOwnsTexture(true); // texture meaning the QRhiTexture here, not the native object texture->setTextureSize(size); return texture; } /*! \qmlproperty color Window::color The background color for the window. Setting this property is more efficient than using a separate Rectangle. */ /*! \property QQuickWindow::color \brief The color used to clear the color buffer at the beginning of each frame. By default, the clear color is white. \sa setDefaultAlphaBuffer() */ void QQuickWindow::setColor(const QColor &color) { Q_D(QQuickWindow); if (color == d->clearColor) return; if (color.alpha() != d->clearColor.alpha()) { QSurfaceFormat fmt = requestedFormat(); if (color.alpha() < 255) fmt.setAlphaBufferSize(8); else fmt.setAlphaBufferSize(-1); setFormat(fmt); } d->clearColor = color; emit colorChanged(color); update(); } QColor QQuickWindow::color() const { return d_func()->clearColor; } /*! \brief Returns whether to use alpha transparency on newly created windows. \since 5.1 \sa setDefaultAlphaBuffer() */ bool QQuickWindow::hasDefaultAlphaBuffer() { return QQuickWindowPrivate::defaultAlphaBuffer; } /*! \brief \a useAlpha specifies whether to use alpha transparency on newly created windows. \since 5.1 In any application which expects to create translucent windows, it's necessary to set this to true before creating the first QQuickWindow. The default value is false. \sa hasDefaultAlphaBuffer() */ void QQuickWindow::setDefaultAlphaBuffer(bool useAlpha) { QQuickWindowPrivate::defaultAlphaBuffer = useAlpha; } /*! \struct QQuickWindow::GraphicsStateInfo \inmodule QtQuick \since 5.14 \brief Describes some of the RHI's graphics state at the point of a \l{QQuickWindow::beginExternalCommands()}{beginExternalCommands()} call. */ /*! \return a reference to a GraphicsStateInfo struct describing some of the RHI's internal state, in particular, the double or tripple buffering status of the backend (such as, the Vulkan or Metal integrations). This is relevant when the underlying graphics APIs is Vulkan or Metal, and the external rendering code wishes to perform double or tripple buffering of its own often-changing resources, such as, uniform buffers, in order to avoid stalling the pipeline. */ const QQuickWindow::GraphicsStateInfo &QQuickWindow::graphicsStateInfo() { Q_D(QQuickWindow); if (d->rhi) { d->rhiStateInfo.currentFrameSlot = d->rhi->currentFrameSlot(); d->rhiStateInfo.framesInFlight = d->rhi->resourceLimit(QRhi::FramesInFlight); } return d->rhiStateInfo; } /*! When mixing raw graphics (OpenGL, Vulkan, Metal, etc.) commands with scene graph rendering, it is necessary to call this function before recording commands to the command buffer used by the scene graph to render its main render pass. This is to avoid clobbering state. In practice this function is often called from a slot connected to the beforeRenderPassRecording() or afterRenderPassRecording() signals. The function does not need to be called when recording commands to the application's own command buffer (such as, a VkCommandBuffer or MTLCommandBuffer + MTLRenderCommandEncoder created and managed by the application, not retrieved from the scene graph). With graphics APIs where no native command buffer concept is exposed (OpenGL, Direct 3D 11), beginExternalCommands() and endExternalCommands() together provide a replacement for the Qt 5 resetOpenGLState() function. Calling this function and endExternalCommands() is not necessary within the \l{QSGRenderNode::render()}{render()} implementation of a QSGRenderNode because the scene graph performs the necessary steps implicitly for render nodes. Native graphics objects (such as, graphics device, command buffer or encoder) are accessible via QSGRendererInterface::getResource(). \warning Watch out for the fact that QSGRendererInterface::CommandListResource may return a different object between beginExternalCommands() - endExternalCommands(). This can happen when the underlying implementation provides a dedicated secondary command buffer for recording external graphics commands within a render pass. Therefore, always query CommandListResource after calling this function. Do not attempt to reuse an object from an earlier query. \note When the scenegraph is using OpenGL, pay attention to the fact that the OpenGL state in the context can have arbitrary settings, and this function does not perform any resetting of the state back to defaults. \sa endExternalCommands(), QQuickOpenGLUtils::resetOpenGLState() \since 5.14 */ void QQuickWindow::beginExternalCommands() { Q_D(QQuickWindow); if (d->rhi && d->context && d->context->isValid()) { QSGDefaultRenderContext *rc = static_cast(d->context); QRhiCommandBuffer *cb = rc->currentFrameCommandBuffer(); if (cb) cb->beginExternal(); } } /*! When mixing raw graphics (OpenGL, Vulkan, Metal, etc.) commands with scene graph rendering, it is necessary to call this function after recording commands to the command buffer used by the scene graph to render its main render pass. This is to avoid clobbering state. In practice this function is often called from a slot connected to the beforeRenderPassRecording() or afterRenderPassRecording() signals. The function does not need to be called when recording commands to the application's own command buffer (such as, a VkCommandBuffer or MTLCommandBuffer + MTLRenderCommandEncoder created and managed by the application, not retrieved from the scene graph). With graphics APIs where no native command buffer concept is exposed (OpenGL, Direct 3D 11), beginExternalCommands() and endExternalCommands() together provide a replacement for the Qt 5 resetOpenGLState() function. Calling this function and beginExternalCommands() is not necessary within the \l{QSGRenderNode::render()}{render()} implementation of a QSGRenderNode because the scene graph performs the necessary steps implicitly for render nodes. \sa beginExternalCommands(), QQuickOpenGLUtils::resetOpenGLState() \since 5.14 */ void QQuickWindow::endExternalCommands() { Q_D(QQuickWindow); if (d->rhi && d->context && d->context->isValid()) { QSGDefaultRenderContext *rc = static_cast(d->context); QRhiCommandBuffer *cb = rc->currentFrameCommandBuffer(); if (cb) cb->endExternal(); } } /*! \qmlproperty string Window::title The window's title in the windowing system. The window title might appear in the title area of the window decorations, depending on the windowing system and the window flags. It might also be used by the windowing system to identify the window in other contexts, such as in the task switcher. */ /*! \qmlproperty Qt::WindowModality Window::modality The modality of the window. A modal window prevents other windows from receiving input events. Possible values are Qt.NonModal (the default), Qt.WindowModal, and Qt.ApplicationModal. */ /*! \qmlproperty Qt::WindowFlags Window::flags The window flags of the window. The window flags control the window's appearance in the windowing system, whether it's a dialog, popup, or a regular window, and whether it should have a title bar, etc. The flags which you read from this property might differ from the ones that you set if the requested flags could not be fulfilled. \sa Qt::WindowFlags */ /*! \qmlattachedproperty Window Window::window \since 5.7 This attached property holds the item's window. The Window attached property can be attached to any Item. */ /*! \qmlattachedproperty int Window::width \qmlattachedproperty int Window::height \since 5.5 These attached properties hold the size of the item's window. The Window attached property can be attached to any Item. */ /*! \qmlproperty int Window::x \qmlproperty int Window::y \qmlproperty int Window::width \qmlproperty int Window::height Defines the window's position and size. The (x,y) position is relative to the \l Screen if there is only one, or to the virtual desktop (arrangement of multiple screens). \qml Window { x: 100; y: 100; width: 100; height: 100 } \endqml \image screen-and-window-dimensions.jpg */ /*! \qmlproperty int Window::minimumWidth \qmlproperty int Window::minimumHeight \since 5.1 Defines the window's minimum size. This is a hint to the window manager to prevent resizing below the specified width and height. */ /*! \qmlproperty int Window::maximumWidth \qmlproperty int Window::maximumHeight \since 5.1 Defines the window's maximum size. This is a hint to the window manager to prevent resizing above the specified width and height. */ /*! \qmlproperty bool Window::visible Whether the window is visible on the screen. Setting visible to false is the same as setting \l visibility to \l {QWindow::}{Hidden}. \sa visibility */ /*! \qmlproperty QWindow::Visibility Window::visibility The screen-occupation state of the window. Visibility is whether the window should appear in the windowing system as normal, minimized, maximized, fullscreen or hidden. To set the visibility to \l {QWindow::}{AutomaticVisibility} means to give the window a default visible state, which might be \l {QWindow::}{FullScreen} or \l {QWindow::}{Windowed} depending on the platform. However when reading the visibility property you will always get the actual state, never \c AutomaticVisibility. When a window is not visible its visibility is Hidden, and setting visibility to \l {QWindow::}{Hidden} is the same as setting \l visible to \c false. \sa visible \since 5.1 */ /*! \qmlattachedproperty QWindow::Visibility Window::visibility \since 5.4 This attached property holds whether the window is currently shown in the windowing system as normal, minimized, maximized, fullscreen or hidden. The \c Window attached property can be attached to any Item. If the item is not shown in any window, the value will be \l {QWindow::}{Hidden}. \sa visible, visibility */ /*! \qmlproperty Item Window::contentItem \readonly \brief The invisible root item of the scene. */ /*! \qmlproperty Qt::ScreenOrientation Window::contentOrientation This is a hint to the window manager in case it needs to display additional content like popups, dialogs, status bars, or similar in relation to the window. The recommended orientation is \l {Screen::orientation}{Screen.orientation}, but an application doesn't have to support all possible orientations, and thus can opt to ignore the current screen orientation. The difference between the window and the content orientation determines how much to rotate the content by. The default value is Qt::PrimaryOrientation. \sa Screen \since 5.1 */ /*! \qmlproperty real Window::opacity The opacity of the window. If the windowing system supports window opacity, this can be used to fade the window in and out, or to make it semitransparent. A value of 1.0 or above is treated as fully opaque, whereas a value of 0.0 or below is treated as fully transparent. Values inbetween represent varying levels of translucency between the two extremes. The default value is 1.0. \since 5.1 */ /*! \qmlproperty variant Window::screen The screen with which the window is associated. If specified before showing a window, will result in the window being shown on that screen, unless an explicit window position has been set. The value must be an element from the Qt.application.screens array. \note To ensure that the window is associated with the desired screen when the underlying native window is created, make sure this property is set as early as possible and that the setting of its value is not deferred. This can be particularly important on embedded platforms without a windowing system, where only one window per screen is allowed at a time. Setting the screen after a window has been created does not move the window if the new screen is part of the same virtual desktop as the old screen. \since 5.9 \sa QWindow::setScreen(), QWindow::screen(), QScreen, {QtQml::Qt::application}{Qt.application} */ /*! \qmlproperty QWindow Window::transientParent \since 5.13 The window for which this window is a transient pop-up. This is a hint to the window manager that this window is a dialog or pop-up on behalf of the transient parent. It usually means that the transient window will be centered over its transient parent when it is initially shown, that minimizing the parent window will also minimize the transient window, and so on; however results vary somewhat from platform to platform. Normally if you declare a Window inside an Item or inside another Window, this relationship is deduced automatically. In that case, if you declare this window's \l visible property \c true, it will not actually be shown until the \c transientParent window is shown. However if you set this property, then Qt Quick will no longer wait until the \c transientParent window is shown before showing this window. If you want to to be able to show a transient window independently of the "parent" Item or Window within which it was declared, you can remove that relationship by setting \c transientParent to \c null: \qml import QtQuick.Window 2.13 Window { // visible is false by default Window { transientParent: null visible: true } } \endqml In order to cause the window to be centered above its transient parent by default, depending on the window manager, it may also be necessary to set the \l Window::flags property with a suitable \l Qt::WindowType (such as \c Qt::Dialog). */ /*! \property QQuickWindow::transientParent \brief The window for which this window is a transient pop-up. \since 5.13 This is a hint to the window manager that this window is a dialog or pop-up on behalf of the transient parent, which may be any kind of \l QWindow. In order to cause the window to be centered above its transient parent by default, depending on the window manager, it may also be necessary to set the \l flags property with a suitable \l Qt::WindowType (such as \c Qt::Dialog). \sa parent() */ /*! \qmlproperty Item Window::activeFocusItem \since 5.1 The item which currently has active focus or \c null if there is no item with active focus. */ /*! \qmlattachedproperty Item Window::activeFocusItem \since 5.4 This attached property holds the item which currently has active focus or \c null if there is no item with active focus. The Window attached property can be attached to any Item. */ /*! \qmlproperty bool Window::active \since 5.1 The active status of the window. \sa requestActivate() */ /*! \qmlattachedproperty bool Window::active \since 5.4 This attached property tells whether the window is active. The Window attached property can be attached to any Item. Here is an example which changes a label to show the active state of the window in which it is shown: \qml import QtQuick 2.4 import QtQuick.Window 2.2 Text { text: Window.active ? "active" : "inactive" } \endqml */ /*! \qmlmethod QtQuick::Window::requestActivate() \since 5.1 Requests the window to be activated, i.e. receive keyboard focus. */ /*! \qmlmethod QtQuick::Window::alert(int msec) \since 5.1 Causes an alert to be shown for \a msec milliseconds. If \a msec is \c 0 (the default), then the alert is shown indefinitely until the window becomes active again. In alert state, the window indicates that it demands attention, for example by flashing or bouncing the taskbar entry. */ /*! \qmlmethod QtQuick::Window::close() Closes the window. When this method is called, or when the user tries to close the window by its title bar button, the \l closing signal will be emitted. If there is no handler, or the handler does not revoke permission to close, the window will subsequently close. If the QGuiApplication::quitOnLastWindowClosed property is \c true, and there are no other windows open, the application will quit. */ /*! \qmlmethod QtQuick::Window::raise() Raises the window in the windowing system. Requests that the window be raised to appear above other windows. */ /*! \qmlmethod QtQuick::Window::lower() Lowers the window in the windowing system. Requests that the window be lowered to appear below other windows. */ /*! \qmlmethod QtQuick::Window::show() Shows the window. This is equivalent to calling showFullScreen(), showMaximized(), or showNormal(), depending on the platform's default behavior for the window type and flags. \sa showFullScreen(), showMaximized(), showNormal(), hide(), QQuickItem::flags() */ /*! \qmlmethod QtQuick::Window::hide() Hides the window. Equivalent to setting \l visible to \c false or \l visibility to \l {QWindow::}{Hidden}. \sa show() */ /*! \qmlmethod QtQuick::Window::showMinimized() Shows the window as minimized. Equivalent to setting \l visibility to \l {QWindow::}{Minimized}. */ /*! \qmlmethod QtQuick::Window::showMaximized() Shows the window as maximized. Equivalent to setting \l visibility to \l {QWindow::}{Maximized}. */ /*! \qmlmethod QtQuick::Window::showFullScreen() Shows the window as fullscreen. Equivalent to setting \l visibility to \l {QWindow::}{FullScreen}. */ /*! \qmlmethod QtQuick::Window::showNormal() Shows the window as normal, i.e. neither maximized, minimized, nor fullscreen. Equivalent to setting \l visibility to \l {QWindow::}{Windowed}. */ /*! \enum QQuickWindow::RenderStage \since 5.4 \value BeforeSynchronizingStage Before synchronization. \value AfterSynchronizingStage After synchronization. \value BeforeRenderingStage Before rendering. \value AfterRenderingStage After rendering. \value AfterSwapStage After the frame is swapped. \value NoStage As soon as possible. This value was added in Qt 5.6. \sa {Scene Graph and Rendering} */ /*! \since 5.4 Schedules \a job to run when the rendering of this window reaches the given \a stage. This is a convenience to the equivalent signals in QQuickWindow for "one shot" tasks. The window takes ownership over \a job and will delete it when the job is completed. If rendering is shut down before \a job has a chance to run, the job will be run and then deleted as part of the scene graph cleanup. If the window is never shown and no rendering happens before the QQuickWindow is destroyed, all pending jobs will be destroyed without their run() method being called. If the rendering is happening on a different thread, then the job will happen on the rendering thread. If \a stage is \l NoStage, \a job will be run at the earliest opportunity whenever the render thread is not busy rendering a frame. If the window is not exposed, and is not renderable, at the time the job is either posted or handled, the job is deleted without executing the run() method. If a non-threaded renderer is in use, the run() method of the job is executed synchronously. When rendering with OpenGL, the OpenGL context is changed to the renderer's context before executing any job, including \l NoStage jobs. \note This function does not trigger rendering; the jobs targeting any other stage than NoStage will be stored run until rendering is triggered elsewhere. To force the job to run earlier, call QQuickWindow::update(); \sa beforeRendering(), afterRendering(), beforeSynchronizing(), afterSynchronizing(), frameSwapped(), sceneGraphInvalidated() */ void QQuickWindow::scheduleRenderJob(QRunnable *job, RenderStage stage) { Q_D(QQuickWindow); d->renderJobMutex.lock(); if (stage == BeforeSynchronizingStage) { d->beforeSynchronizingJobs << job; } else if (stage == AfterSynchronizingStage) { d->afterSynchronizingJobs << job; } else if (stage == BeforeRenderingStage) { d->beforeRenderingJobs << job; } else if (stage == AfterRenderingStage) { d->afterRenderingJobs << job; } else if (stage == AfterSwapStage) { d->afterSwapJobs << job; } else if (stage == NoStage) { if (d->renderControl && d->rhi && d->rhi->thread() == QThread::currentThread()) { job->run(); delete job; } else if (isExposed()) { d->windowManager->postJob(this, job); } else { delete job; } } d->renderJobMutex.unlock(); } void QQuickWindowPrivate::runAndClearJobs(QList *jobs) { renderJobMutex.lock(); QList jobList = *jobs; jobs->clear(); renderJobMutex.unlock(); for (QRunnable *r : qAsConst(jobList)) { r->run(); delete r; } } void QQuickWindow::runJobsAfterSwap() { Q_D(QQuickWindow); d->runAndClearJobs(&d->afterSwapJobs); } /*! * Returns the device pixel ratio for this window. * * This is different from QWindow::devicePixelRatio() in that it supports * redirected rendering via QQuickRenderControl. When using a * QQuickRenderControl, the QQuickWindow is often not created, meaning it is * never shown and there is no underlying native window created in the * windowing system. As a result, querying properties like the device pixel * ratio cannot give correct results. Use this function instead. * * \sa QWindow::devicePixelRatio() */ qreal QQuickWindow::effectiveDevicePixelRatio() const { QWindow *w = QQuickRenderControl::renderWindowFor(const_cast(this)); return w ? w->devicePixelRatio() : devicePixelRatio(); } /*! \return the current renderer interface. The value is always valid and is never null. \note This function can be called at any time after constructing the QQuickWindow, even while isSceneGraphInitialized() is still false. However, some renderer interface functions, in particular QSGRendererInterface::getResource() will not be functional until the scenegraph is up and running. Backend queries, like QSGRendererInterface::graphicsApi() or QSGRendererInterface::shaderType(), will always be functional on the other hand. \note The ownership of the returned pointer stays with Qt. The returned instance may or may not be shared between different QQuickWindow instances, depending on the scenegraph backend in use. Therefore applications are expected to query the interface object for each QQuickWindow instead of reusing the already queried pointer. \sa QSGRenderNode, QSGRendererInterface \since 5.8 */ QSGRendererInterface *QQuickWindow::rendererInterface() const { Q_D(const QQuickWindow); // no context validity check - it is essential to be able to return a // renderer interface instance before scenegraphInitialized() is emitted // (depending on the backend, that can happen way too late for some of the // rif use cases, like examining the graphics api or shading language in // use) return d->context->sceneGraphContext()->rendererInterface(d->context); } /*! Requests the specified graphics \a api. When the built-in, default graphics adaptation is used, \a api specifies which graphics API (OpenGL, Vulkan, Metal, or Direct3D) the scene graph should use to render. In addition, the \c software backend is built-in as well, and can be requested by setting \a api to QSGRendererInterface::Software. Unlike setSceneGraphBackend(), which can only be used to request a given backend (shipped either built-in or installed as dynamically loaded plugins), this function works with the higher level concept of graphics APIs. It covers the backends that ship with Qt Quick, and thus have corresponding values in the QSGRendererInterface::GraphicsApi enum. When this function is not called at all, and the equivalent environment variable \c{QSG_RHI_BACKEND} is not set either, the scene graph will choose the graphics API to use based on the platform. This function becomes important in applications that are only prepared for rendering with a given API. For example, if there is native OpenGL or Vulkan rendering done by the application, it will want to ensure Qt Quick is rendering using OpenGL or Vulkan too. Such applications are expected to call this function early in their main() function. \note The call to the function must happen before constructing the first QQuickWindow in the application. The graphics API cannot be changed afterwards. \note When used in combination with QQuickRenderControl, this rule is relaxed: it is possible to change the graphics API, but only when all existing QQuickRenderControl and QQuickWindow instances have been destroyed. To query what graphics API the scene graph is using to render, QSGRendererInterface::graphicsApi() after the scene graph \l{QQuickWindow::isSceneGraphInitialized()}{has initialized}, which typically happens either when the window becomes visible for the first time, or when QQuickRenderControl::initialize() is called. To switch back to the default behavior, where the scene graph chooses a graphics API based on the platform and other conditions, set \a api to QSGRendererInterface::Unknown. \since 5.8 */ void QQuickWindow::setGraphicsApi(QSGRendererInterface::GraphicsApi api) { // Special cases: these are different scenegraph backends. switch (api) { case QSGRendererInterface::Software: setSceneGraphBackend(QStringLiteral("software")); break; case QSGRendererInterface::OpenVG: setSceneGraphBackend(QStringLiteral("openvg")); break; default: break; } // Standard case: tell the QRhi-based default adaptation what graphics api // (QRhi backend) to use. if (QSGRendererInterface::isApiRhiBased(api) || api == QSGRendererInterface::Unknown) QSGRhiSupport::instance_internal()->configure(api); } /*! \return the graphics API that would be used by the scene graph if it was initialized at this point in time. The standard way to query the API used by the scene graph is to use QSGRendererInterface::graphicsApi() once the scene graph has initialized, for example when or after the sceneGraphInitialized() signal is emitted. In that case one gets the true, real result, because then it is known that everything was initialized correctly using that graphics API. This is not always convenient. If the application needs to set up external frameworks, or needs to work with setGraphicsDevice() in a manner that depends on the scene graph's built in API selection logic, it is not always feasiable to defer such operations until after the QQuickWindow has been made visible or QQuickRenderControl::initialize() has been called. Therefore, this static function is provided as a counterpart to setGraphicsApi(): it can be called at any time, and the result reflects what API the scene graph would choose if it was initialized at the point of the call. \note This static function is intended to be called on the main (GUI) thread only. For querying the API when rendering, use QSGRendererInterface since that object lives on the render thread. \note This function does not take scene graph backends into account. \since 6.0 */ QSGRendererInterface::GraphicsApi QQuickWindow::graphicsApi() { // Note that this applies the settings e.g. from the env vars // (QSG_RHI_BACKEND) if it was not done at least once already. Whereas if // setGraphicsApi() was called before, or the scene graph is already // initialized, then this is just a simple query. return QSGRhiSupport::instance()->graphicsApi(); } /*! Requests a Qt Quick scenegraph \a backend. Backends can either be built-in or be installed in form of dynamically loaded plugins. \overload \note The call to the function must happen before constructing the first QQuickWindow in the application. It cannot be changed afterwards. See \l{Switch Between Adaptations in Your Application} for more information about the list of backends. If \a backend is invalid or an error occurs, the request is ignored. \note Calling this function is equivalent to setting the \c QT_QUICK_BACKEND or \c QMLSCENE_DEVICE environment variables. However, this API is safer to use in applications that spawn other processes as there is no need to worry about environment inheritance. \since 5.8 */ void QQuickWindow::setSceneGraphBackend(const QString &backend) { QSGContext::setBackend(backend); } /*! Returns the requested Qt Quick scenegraph backend. \note The return value of this function may still be outdated by subsequent calls to setSceneGraphBackend() until the first QQuickWindow in the application has been constructed. \note The value only reflects the request in the \c{QT_QUICK_BACKEND} environment variable after a QQuickWindow has been constructed. \since 5.9 */ QString QQuickWindow::sceneGraphBackend() { return QSGContext::backend(); } /*! Sets the graphics device objects for this window. The scenegraph will use existing device, physical device, and other objects specified by \a device instead of creating new ones. This function is very often used in combination with QQuickRenderControl and setRenderTarget(), in order to redirect Qt Quick rendering into a texture. A default constructed QQuickGraphicsDevice does not change the default behavior in any way. Once a \a device created via one of the QQuickGraphicsDevice factory functions, such as, QQuickGraphicsDevice::fromDeviceObjects(), is passed in, and the scenegraph uses a matching graphics API (with the example of fromDeviceObjects(), that would be Vulkan), the scenegraph will use the existing device objects (such as, the \c VkPhysicalDevice, \c VkDevice, and graphics queue family index, in case of Vulkan) encapsulated by the QQuickGraphicsDevice. This allows using the same device, and so sharing resources, such as buffers and textures, between Qt Quick and native rendering engines. \warning This function can only be called before initializing the scenegraph and will have no effect if called afterwards. In practice this typically means calling it right before QQuickRenderControl::initialize(). As an example, this time with Direct3D, the typical usage is expected to be the following: \badcode // native graphics resources set up by a custom D3D rendering engine ID3D11Device *device; ID3D11DeviceContext *context; ID3D11Texture2D *texture; ... // now to redirect Qt Quick content into 'texture' we could do the following: QQuickRenderControl *renderControl = new QQuickRenderControl; QQuickWindow *window = new QQuickWindow(renderControl); // this window will never be shown on-screen ... window->setGraphicsDevice(QQuickGraphicsDevice::fromDeviceAndContext(device, context)); renderControl->initialize(); window->setRenderTarget(QQuickRenderTarget::fromD3D11Texture(texture, textureSize); ... \endcode The key aspect of using this function is to ensure that resources or handles to resources, such as \c texture in the above example, are visible to and usable by both the external rendering engine and the scenegraph renderer. This requires using the same graphics device (or with OpenGL, OpenGL context). QQuickGraphicsDevice instances are implicitly shared, copyable, and can be passed by value. They do not own the associated native objects (such as, the ID3D11Device in the example). \note Using QQuickRenderControl does not always imply having to call this function. When adopting an existing device or context is not needed, this function should not be called, and the scene graph will then initialize its own devices and contexts normally, just as it would with an on-screen QQuickWindow. \since 6.0 \sa QQuickRenderControl, setRenderTarget(), setGraphicsApi() */ void QQuickWindow::setGraphicsDevice(const QQuickGraphicsDevice &device) { Q_D(QQuickWindow); d->customDeviceObjects = device; } /*! \return the QQuickGraphicsDevice passed to setGraphicsDevice(), or a default constructed one otherwise \since 6.0 \sa setGraphicsDevice() */ QQuickGraphicsDevice QQuickWindow::graphicsDevice() const { Q_D(const QQuickWindow); return d->customDeviceObjects; } /*! Sets the graphics configuration for this window. \a config contains various settings that may be taken into account by the scene graph when initializing the underlying graphics devices and contexts. Such additional configuration, specifying for example what device extensions to enable for Vulkan, becomes relevant and essential when integrating native graphics rendering code that relies on certain extensions. The same is true when integrating with an external 3D or VR engines, such as OpenXR. \note The configuration is ignored when adopting existing graphics devices via setGraphicsDevice() since the scene graph is then not in control of the actual construction of those objects. QQuickGraphicsConfiguration instances are implicitly shared, copyable, and can be passed by value. \warning Setting a QQuickGraphicsConfiguration on a QQuickWindow must happen early enough, before the scene graph is initialized for the first time for that window. With on-screen windows this means the call must be done before invoking show() on the QQuickWindow or QQuickView. With QQuickRenderControl the configuration must be finalized before calling \l{QQuickRenderControl::initialize()}{initialize()}. \since 6.0 */ void QQuickWindow::setGraphicsConfiguration(const QQuickGraphicsConfiguration &config) { Q_D(QQuickWindow); d->graphicsConfig = config; } /*! \return the QQuickGraphicsDevice passed to setGraphicsDevice(), or a default constructed one otherwise \since 6.0 \sa setGraphicsConfiguration() */ QQuickGraphicsConfiguration QQuickWindow::graphicsConfiguration() const { Q_D(const QQuickWindow); return d->graphicsConfig; } /*! Creates a simple rectangle node. When the scenegraph is not initialized, the return value is null. This is cross-backend alternative to constructing a QSGSimpleRectNode directly. \since 5.8 \sa QSGRectangleNode */ QSGRectangleNode *QQuickWindow::createRectangleNode() const { Q_D(const QQuickWindow); return isSceneGraphInitialized() ? d->context->sceneGraphContext()->createRectangleNode() : nullptr; } /*! Creates a simple image node. When the scenegraph is not initialized, the return value is null. This is cross-backend alternative to constructing a QSGSimpleTextureNode directly. \since 5.8 \sa QSGImageNode */ QSGImageNode *QQuickWindow::createImageNode() const { Q_D(const QQuickWindow); return isSceneGraphInitialized() ? d->context->sceneGraphContext()->createImageNode() : nullptr; } /*! Creates a nine patch node. When the scenegraph is not initialized, the return value is null. \since 5.8 */ QSGNinePatchNode *QQuickWindow::createNinePatchNode() const { Q_D(const QQuickWindow); return isSceneGraphInitialized() ? d->context->sceneGraphContext()->createNinePatchNode() : nullptr; } /*! \since 5.10 Returns the render type of text-like elements in Qt Quick. The default is QQuickWindow::QtTextRendering. \sa setTextRenderType() */ QQuickWindow::TextRenderType QQuickWindow::textRenderType() { return QQuickWindowPrivate::textRenderType; } /*! \since 5.10 Sets the default render type of text-like elements in Qt Quick to \a renderType. \note setting the render type will only affect elements created afterwards; the render type of existing elements will not be modified. \sa textRenderType() */ void QQuickWindow::setTextRenderType(QQuickWindow::TextRenderType renderType) { QQuickWindowPrivate::textRenderType = renderType; } /*! \since 6.0 \qmlproperty QQuickPalette Window::palette This property holds the palette currently set for the window. The default palette depends on the system environment. QGuiApplication maintains a system/theme palette which serves as a default for all application windows. You can also set the default palette for windows by passing a custom palette to QGuiApplication::setPalette(), before loading any QML. ApplicationWindow propagates explicit palette properties to child controls. If you change a specific property on the window's palette, that property propagates to all child controls in the window, overriding any system defaults for that property. \sa Item::palette, Popup::palette, QQuickColorGroup //! internal \sa QQuickAbstractPaletteProvider, QQuickPalette */ #ifndef QT_NO_DEBUG_STREAM QDebug operator<<(QDebug debug, const QQuickWindow *win) { QDebugStateSaver saver(debug); debug.nospace(); if (!win) { debug << "QQuickWindow(0)"; return debug; } debug << win->metaObject()->className() << '(' << static_cast(win); if (win->isActive()) debug << " active"; if (win->isExposed()) debug << " exposed"; debug << ", visibility=" << win->visibility() << ", flags=" << win->flags(); if (!win->title().isEmpty()) debug << ", title=" << win->title(); if (!win->objectName().isEmpty()) debug << ", name=" << win->objectName(); if (win->parent()) debug << ", parent=" << static_cast(win->parent()); if (win->transientParent()) debug << ", transientParent=" << static_cast(win->transientParent()); debug << ", geometry="; QtDebugUtils::formatQRect(debug, win->geometry()); debug << ')'; return debug; } #endif #include "moc_qquickwindow.cpp" QT_END_NAMESPACE