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----
-breadcrumbs:
-- - /user-experience
- - User Experience
-page_name: ui-strings
-title: 10 steps to better user-facing strings
----
-
-**1. Say it, then write it (aka, "Sound like a human")**
-
-Say out loud, to a friend or to yourself, what you want to tell the user. Write
-*that* down: it's going to be much more conversational than your first written
-attempt.
-
-* Before you keep reading, go and actually write it down in a note or
- document.
-* As you read on, edit your string during each step.
-
-**2. Focus on the user**
-
-The user is the star! One way to literally do this when writing is to **set the
-user as the subject** of the string ("You can do this action" instead of "Chrome
-has released this feature").
-
-* **Lead with the goal:** It catches users' eyes and incentivizes them
- to keep reading. Prepositional intro phrases are useful: "*To
- perform your goal,* do this action."
-* **Offer a solution:** Instead of only describing what went wrong,
- explain how to fix it!
-* **Don't go behind the scenes:** Are you describing how a feature
- works? Take it out: users really, really don't care. \[*Exceptions:
- mandatory data transparency & privacy/legal text*\]
-
-**3. Be consistent**
-
-Are there any other pieces of related UI where we want to maintain consistency?
-We have patterns for permissions prompts, settings, etc. Also, consider whether
-there are others in our industry who do it well!
-
-**4. Include everyone**
-
-Use language that’s neutral to different cultures, races, genders, and age
-groups. Avoid colloquialisms and US-centric references.
-
-* **Accessibility:** Does the string rely on color or position to
- identify a component? This won't work for people who are colorblind
- or use screen readers: find a **non-visual way to distinguish**
- components.
-
-**5. Sound human**
-
-User-facing text should be **useful, honest, and conversational**. Look for
-words or phrases that sound formal or technical, and replace them with simple
-words and phrases. [Plain language is for everyone, even
-experts](https://www.nngroup.com/articles/plain-language-experts/), so this
-applies as much as possible to developer-facing spaces as well.
-
-Contractions are encouraged; for example: "Linux won't remember a USB device
-after it's removed."
-
-**6. Speak simply**
-
-Ideally, UI text can be easily understood by a typical 11- or 12-year-old
-student. Some tips:
-
-* Find the longest words in your sentence and swap them out for
- shorter synonyms. Example: "buy" instead of "purchase."
-* Look for conjunctions ("and," "or"): can you split one sentence into
- two sentences?
-* Count the words. Aim for 5-15 words per sentence.
-
-**7. Be positive**
-
-Are you telling a user what can't be done? Try flipping it around and telling
-them what *can* be done, instead. You can describe limits with phrases like "up
-to 25 MB" or "when it's available."
-
-**8. Write globally**
-
-Will the string translate well?
-
-* In some languages, it's hard to localize pronouns like "it" or
- "this." Avoid them when you can; or, at least, make sure they are as
- close as possible to the word they refer to.
-* If you can, avoid gerunds (verbs that act as nouns; end in "-ing").
-* Remove repetition: it's perceived as patronizing and a waste of
- time. For example: don't use the same string for both title & body;
- don't mention the product name multiple times.
-
-**9. Keep it short (aka, "Short beats good")**
-
-Does the string have to fit in a limited space? Keep in mind that English
-strings may increase by at least 30% after translation (test with an [automated
-translation](https://translate.google.com/) in Filipino, Greek, or German). Cut
-everything that isn't *super critical*.
-
-**10. Check the basics**
-
-Here are some answers to common string questions:
-
-* Do we use the [serial
- comma](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serial_comma)?
- * Yes!
-* Does the string need a period?
- * Apple OSes:
- * Fragments in titles/headings: no period
- * Complete (single or multi) sentences: use periods
- * Google OSes, Win & Linux:
- * Single sentence: no period
- * Multiple sentences: use periods
-* Which words do I capitalize?
- * Apple OSes:
- * Title Case = titles, buttons menus, menu items
- * Sentence case = labels, instructional text
- * Google OSes, Win & Linux:
- * Sentence case = everything (except where strings overlap
- with Apple OSes) \ No newline at end of file