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diff --git a/chromium/third_party/cygwin/lib/perl5/5.10/pods/perlfaq2.pod b/chromium/third_party/cygwin/lib/perl5/5.10/pods/perlfaq2.pod deleted file mode 100644 index 6b4d3dad8b5..00000000000 --- a/chromium/third_party/cygwin/lib/perl5/5.10/pods/perlfaq2.pod +++ /dev/null @@ -1,550 +0,0 @@ -=head1 NAME - -perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 10144 $) - -=head1 DESCRIPTION - -This section of the FAQ answers questions about where to find -source and documentation for Perl, support, and -related matters. - -=head2 What machines support perl? Where do I get it? - -The standard release of perl (the one maintained by the perl -development team) is distributed only in source code form. You -can find this at http://www.cpan.org/src/latest.tar.gz , which -is in a standard Internet format (a gzipped archive in POSIX tar format). - -Perl builds and runs on a bewildering number of platforms. Virtually -all known and current Unix derivatives are supported (perl's native -platform), as are other systems like VMS, DOS, OS/2, Windows, -QNX, BeOS, OS X, MPE/iX and the Amiga. - -Binary distributions for some proprietary platforms, including -Apple systems, can be found http://www.cpan.org/ports/ directory. -Because these are not part of the standard distribution, they may -and in fact do differ from the base perl port in a variety of ways. -You'll have to check their respective release notes to see just -what the differences are. These differences can be either positive -(e.g. extensions for the features of the particular platform that -are not supported in the source release of perl) or negative (e.g. -might be based upon a less current source release of perl). - -=head2 How can I get a binary version of perl? - -For Windows, ActiveState provides a pre-built Perl for free: - - http://www.activestate.com/ - -Sunfreeware.com provides binaries for many utilities, including -Perl, for Solaris on both Intel and SPARC hardware: - - http://www.sunfreeware.com/ - -If you don't have a C compiler because your vendor for whatever -reasons did not include one with your system, the best thing to do is -grab a binary version of gcc from the net and use that to compile perl -with. CPAN only has binaries for systems that are terribly hard to -get free compilers for, not for Unix systems. - -Some URLs that might help you are: - - http://www.cpan.org/ports/ - http://www.perl.com/pub/language/info/software.html - -Someone looking for a perl for Win16 might look to Laszlo Molnar's -djgpp port in http://www.cpan.org/ports/#msdos , which comes with -clear installation instructions. - -=head2 I don't have a C compiler. How can I build my own Perl interpreter? - -Since you don't have a C compiler, you're doomed and your vendor -should be sacrificed to the Sun gods. But that doesn't help you. - -What you need to do is get a binary version of gcc for your system -first. Consult the Usenet FAQs for your operating system for -information on where to get such a binary version. - -You might look around the net for a pre-built binary of Perl (or a -C compiler!) that meets your needs, though: - -For Windows, Vanilla Perl ( http://vanillaperl.com/ ) and Strawberry Perl -( http://strawberryperl.com/ ) come with a -bundled C compiler. ActivePerl is a pre-compiled version of Perl -ready-to-use. - -For Sun systems, SunFreeware.com provides binaries of most popular -applications, including compilers and Perl. - -=head2 I copied the perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts don't work. - -That's probably because you forgot libraries, or library paths differ. -You really should build the whole distribution on the machine it will -eventually live on, and then type C<make install>. Most other -approaches are doomed to failure. - -One simple way to check that things are in the right place is to print out -the hard-coded @INC that perl looks through for libraries: - - % perl -le 'print for @INC' - -If this command lists any paths that don't exist on your system, then you -may need to move the appropriate libraries to these locations, or create -symbolic links, aliases, or shortcuts appropriately. @INC is also printed as -part of the output of - - % perl -V - -You might also want to check out -L<perlfaq8/"How do I keep my own module/library directory?">. - -=head2 I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work? - -Read the F<INSTALL> file, which is part of the source distribution. -It describes in detail how to cope with most idiosyncrasies that the -Configure script can't work around for any given system or -architecture. - -=head2 What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN? What does CPAN/src/... mean? - -CPAN stands for Comprehensive Perl Archive Network, a multi-gigabyte -archive replicated on hundreds of machines all over the world. CPAN -contains source code, non-native ports, documentation, scripts, and -many third-party modules and extensions, designed for everything from -commercial database interfaces to keyboard/screen control to web -walking and CGI scripts. The master web site for CPAN is -http://www.cpan.org/ and there is the CPAN Multiplexer at -http://www.cpan.org/CPAN.html which will choose a mirror near you via -DNS. See http://www.perl.com/CPAN (without a slash at the end) for -how this process works. Also, http://mirror.cpan.org/ has a nice -interface to the http://www.cpan.org/MIRRORED.BY mirror directory. - -See the CPAN FAQ at http://www.cpan.org/misc/cpan-faq.html for answers -to the most frequently asked questions about CPAN including how to -become a mirror. - -CPAN/path/... is a naming convention for files available on CPAN -sites. CPAN indicates the base directory of a CPAN mirror, and the -rest of the path is the path from that directory to the file. For -instance, if you're using ftp://ftp.funet.fi/pub/languages/perl/CPAN -as your CPAN site, the file CPAN/misc/japh is downloadable as -ftp://ftp.funet.fi/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/misc/japh . - -Considering that, as of 2006, there are over ten thousand existing -modules in the archive, one probably exists to do nearly anything you -can think of. Current categories under CPAN/modules/by-category/ -include Perl core modules; development support; operating system -interfaces; networking, devices, and interprocess communication; data -type utilities; database interfaces; user interfaces; interfaces to -other languages; filenames, file systems, and file locking; -internationalization and locale; world wide web support; server and -daemon utilities; archiving and compression; image manipulation; mail -and news; control flow utilities; filehandle and I/O; Microsoft -Windows modules; and miscellaneous modules. - -See http://www.cpan.org/modules/00modlist.long.html or -http://search.cpan.org/ for a more complete list of modules by -category. - -CPAN is a free service and is not affiliated with O'Reilly Media. - -=head2 Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl? - -Certainly not. Larry expects that he'll be certified before Perl is. - -=head2 Where can I get information on Perl? - -The complete Perl documentation is available with the Perl distribution. -If you have Perl installed locally, you probably have the documentation -installed as well: type C<man perl> if you're on a system resembling Unix. -This will lead you to other important man pages, including how to set your -$MANPATH. If you're not on a Unix system, access to the documentation -will be different; for example, documentation might only be in HTML format. All -proper perl installations have fully-accessible documentation. - -You might also try C<perldoc perl> in case your system doesn't -have a proper man command, or it's been misinstalled. If that doesn't -work, try looking in /usr/local/lib/perl5/pod for documentation. - -If all else fails, consult http://perldoc.perl.org/ which has the -complete documentation in HTML and PDF format. - -Many good books have been written about Perl--see the section later in -L<perlfaq2> for more details. - -Tutorial documents are included in current or upcoming Perl releases -include L<perltoot> for objects or L<perlboot> for a beginner's -approach to objects, L<perlopentut> for file opening semantics, -L<perlreftut> for managing references, L<perlretut> for regular -expressions, L<perlthrtut> for threads, L<perldebtut> for debugging, -and L<perlxstut> for linking C and Perl together. There may be more -by the time you read this. These URLs might also be useful: - - http://perldoc.perl.org/ - http://bookmarks.cpan.org/search.cgi?cat=Training%2FTutorials - -=head2 What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions? - -Several groups devoted to the Perl language are on Usenet: - - comp.lang.perl.announce Moderated announcement group - comp.lang.perl.misc High traffic general Perl discussion - comp.lang.perl.moderated Moderated discussion group - comp.lang.perl.modules Use and development of Perl modules - comp.lang.perl.tk Using Tk (and X) from Perl - - comp.infosystems.www.authoring.cgi Writing CGI scripts for the Web. - -Some years ago, comp.lang.perl was divided into those groups, and -comp.lang.perl itself officially removed. While that group may still -be found on some news servers, it is unwise to use it, because -postings there will not appear on news servers which honour the -official list of group names. Use comp.lang.perl.misc for topics -which do not have a more-appropriate specific group. - -There is also a Usenet gateway to Perl mailing lists sponsored by -perl.org at nntp://nntp.perl.org , a web interface to the same lists -at http://nntp.perl.org/group/ and these lists are also available -under the C<perl.*> hierarchy at http://groups.google.com . Other -groups are listed at http://lists.perl.org/ ( also known as -http://lists.cpan.org/ ). - -A nice place to ask questions is the PerlMonks site, -http://www.perlmonks.org/ , or the Perl Beginners mailing list -http://lists.perl.org/showlist.cgi?name=beginners . - -Note that none of the above are supposed to write your code for you: -asking questions about particular problems or general advice is fine, -but asking someone to write your code for free is not very cool. - -=head2 Where should I post source code? - -You should post source code to whichever group is most appropriate, but -feel free to cross-post to comp.lang.perl.misc. If you want to cross-post -to alt.sources, please make sure it follows their posting standards, -including setting the Followup-To header line to NOT include alt.sources; -see their FAQ ( http://www.faqs.org/faqs/alt-sources-intro/ ) for details. - -If you're just looking for software, first use Google -( http://www.google.com ), Google's usenet search interface -( http://groups.google.com ), and CPAN Search ( http://search.cpan.org ). -This is faster and more productive than just posting a request. - -=head2 Perl Books - -A number of books on Perl and/or CGI programming are available. A few -of these are good, some are OK, but many aren't worth your money. -There is a list of these books, some with extensive reviews, at -http://books.perl.org/ . If you don't see your book listed here, you -can write to perlfaq-workers@perl.org . - -The incontestably definitive reference book on Perl, written by -the creator of Perl, is Programming Perl: - - Programming Perl (the "Camel Book"): - by Larry Wall, Tom Christiansen, and Jon Orwant - ISBN 0-596-00027-8 [3rd edition July 2000] - http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/pperl3/ - (English, translations to several languages are also available) - -The companion volume to the Camel containing thousands -of real-world examples, mini-tutorials, and complete programs is: - - The Perl Cookbook (the "Ram Book"): - by Tom Christiansen and Nathan Torkington, - with Foreword by Larry Wall - ISBN 0-596-00313-7 [2nd Edition August 2003] - http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/perlckbk2/ - -If you're already a seasoned programmer, then the Camel Book might -suffice for you to learn Perl. If you're not, check out the -Llama book: - - Learning Perl - by Randal L. Schwartz, Tom Phoenix, and brian d foy - ISBN 0-596-10105-8 [4th edition July 2005] - http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/learnperl4/ - -And for more advanced information on writing larger programs, -presented in the same style as the Llama book, continue your education -with the Alpaca book: - - Intermediate Perl (the "Alpaca Book") - by Randal L. Schwartz and brian d foy, with Tom Phoenix (foreword by Damian Conway) - ISBN 0-596-10206-2 [1st edition March 2006] - http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/lrnperlorm/ - -Addison-Wesley ( http://www.awlonline.com/ ) and Manning -( http://www.manning.com/ ) are also publishers of some fine Perl books -such as I<Object Oriented Programming with Perl> by Damian Conway and -I<Network Programming with Perl> by Lincoln Stein. - -An excellent technical book discounter is Bookpool at -http://www.bookpool.com/ where a 30% discount or more is not unusual. - -What follows is a list of the books that the FAQ authors found personally -useful. Your mileage may (but, we hope, probably won't) vary. - -Recommended books on (or mostly on) Perl follow. - -=over 4 - -=item References - - Programming Perl - by Larry Wall, Tom Christiansen, and Jon Orwant - ISBN 0-596-00027-8 [3rd edition July 2000] - http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/pperl3/ - - Perl 5 Pocket Reference - by Johan Vromans - ISBN 0-596-00032-4 [3rd edition May 2000] - http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/perlpr3/ - -=item Tutorials - - Beginning Perl - by James Lee - ISBN 1-59059-391-X [2nd edition August 2004] - http://apress.com/book/bookDisplay.html?bID=344 - - Elements of Programming with Perl - by Andrew L. Johnson - ISBN 1-884777-80-5 [1st edition October 1999] - http://www.manning.com/johnson/ - - Learning Perl - by Randal L. Schwartz, Tom Phoenix, and brian d foy - ISBN 0-596-10105-8 [4th edition July 2005] - http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/learnperl4/ - - Intermediate Perl (the "Alpaca Book") - by Randal L. Schwartz and brian d foy, with Tom Phoenix (foreword by Damian Conway) - ISBN 0-596-10206-2 [1st edition March 2006] - http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/intermediateperl/ - - Mastering Perl - by brian d foy - ISBN 0-596-52724-1 [1st edition July 2007] - http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/9780596527242/ - -=item Task-Oriented - - Writing Perl Modules for CPAN - by Sam Tregar - ISBN 1-59059-018-X [1st edition Aug 2002] - http://apress.com/book/bookDisplay.html?bID=14 - - The Perl Cookbook - by Tom Christiansen and Nathan Torkington - with foreword by Larry Wall - ISBN 1-56592-243-3 [1st edition August 1998] - http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/cookbook/ - - Effective Perl Programming - by Joseph Hall - ISBN 0-201-41975-0 [1st edition 1998] - http://www.awl.com/ - - Real World SQL Server Administration with Perl - by Linchi Shea - ISBN 1-59059-097-X [1st edition July 2003] - http://apress.com/book/bookDisplay.html?bID=171 - -=item Special Topics - - Perl Best Practices - by Damian Conway - ISBN: 0-596-00173-8 [1st edition July 2005] - http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/perlbp/ - - Higher Order Perl - by Mark-Jason Dominus - ISBN: 1558607013 [1st edition March 2005] - http://hop.perl.plover.com/ - - Perl 6 Now: The Core Ideas Illustrated with Perl 5 - by Scott Walters - ISBN 1-59059-395-2 [1st edition December 2004] - http://apress.com/book/bookDisplay.html?bID=355 - - Mastering Regular Expressions - by Jeffrey E. F. Friedl - ISBN 0-596-00289-0 [2nd edition July 2002] - http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/regex2/ - - Network Programming with Perl - by Lincoln Stein - ISBN 0-201-61571-1 [1st edition 2001] - http://www.awlonline.com/ - - Object Oriented Perl - Damian Conway - with foreword by Randal L. Schwartz - ISBN 1-884777-79-1 [1st edition August 1999] - http://www.manning.com/conway/ - - Data Munging with Perl - Dave Cross - ISBN 1-930110-00-6 [1st edition 2001] - http://www.manning.com/cross - - Mastering Perl/Tk - by Steve Lidie and Nancy Walsh - ISBN 1-56592-716-8 [1st edition January 2002] - http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/mastperltk/ - - Extending and Embedding Perl - by Tim Jenness and Simon Cozens - ISBN 1-930110-82-0 [1st edition August 2002] - http://www.manning.com/jenness - - Perl Debugger Pocket Reference - by Richard Foley - ISBN 0-596-00503-2 [1st edition January 2004] - http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/perldebugpr/ - - Pro Perl Debugging - by Richard Foley with Andy Lester - ISBN 1-59059-454-1 [1st edition July 2005] - http://www.apress.com/book/view/1590594541 - -=back - -=head2 Which magazines have Perl content? - -I<The Perl Review> ( http://www.theperlreview.com ) focuses on Perl -almost completely (although it sometimes sneaks in an article about -another language). There's also I<$foo Magazin>, a german magazine -dedicated to Perl, at ( http://www.foo-magazin.de ). - -Magazines that frequently carry quality articles on Perl include I<The -Perl Review> ( http://www.theperlreview.com ), I<Unix Review> ( -http://www.unixreview.com/ ), I<Linux Magazine> ( -http://www.linuxmagazine.com/ ), and Usenix's newsletter/magazine to -its members, I<login:> ( http://www.usenix.org/ ) - -The Perl columns of Randal L. Schwartz are available on the web at -http://www.stonehenge.com/merlyn/WebTechniques/ , -http://www.stonehenge.com/merlyn/UnixReview/ , and -http://www.stonehenge.com/merlyn/LinuxMag/ . - -The first (and for a long time, only) periodical devoted to All Things -Perl, I<The Perl Journal> contains tutorials, demonstrations, case -studies, announcements, contests, and much more. I<TPJ> has columns -on web development, databases, Win32 Perl, graphical programming, -regular expressions, and networking, and sponsors the Obfuscated Perl -Contest and the Perl Poetry Contests. Beginning in November 2002, TPJ -moved to a reader-supported monthly e-zine format in which subscribers -can download issues as PDF documents. In 2006, TPJ merged with Dr. -Dobbs Journal (online edition). To read old TPJ articles, see -http://www.ddj.com/ . - -=head2 What mailing lists are there for Perl? - -Most of the major modules (Tk, CGI, libwww-perl) have their own -mailing lists. Consult the documentation that came with the module for -subscription information. - -A comprehensive list of Perl related mailing lists can be found at: - - http://lists.perl.org/ - -=head2 Where are the archives for comp.lang.perl.misc? - -The Google search engine now carries archived and searchable newsgroup -content. - -http://groups.google.com/groups?group=comp.lang.perl.misc - -If you have a question, you can be sure someone has already asked the -same question at some point on c.l.p.m. It requires some time and patience -to sift through all the content but often you will find the answer you -seek. - -=head2 Where can I buy a commercial version of perl? - -In a real sense, perl already I<is> commercial software: it has a license -that you can grab and carefully read to your manager. It is distributed -in releases and comes in well-defined packages. There is a very large -user community and an extensive literature. The comp.lang.perl.* -newsgroups and several of the mailing lists provide free answers to your -questions in near real-time. Perl has traditionally been supported by -Larry, scores of software designers and developers, and myriad -programmers, all working for free to create a useful thing to make life -better for everyone. - -However, these answers may not suffice for managers who require a -purchase order from a company whom they can sue should anything go awry. -Or maybe they need very serious hand-holding and contractual obligations. -Shrink-wrapped CDs with perl on them are available from several sources if -that will help. For example, many Perl books include a distribution of perl, -as do the O'Reilly Perl Resource Kits (in both the Unix flavor -and in the proprietary Microsoft flavor); the free Unix distributions -also all come with perl. - -=head2 Where do I send bug reports? - -If you are reporting a bug in the perl interpreter or the modules -shipped with Perl, use the I<perlbug> program in the Perl distribution or -mail your report to perlbug@perl.org or at http://rt.perl.org/perlbug/ . - -For Perl modules, you can submit bug reports to the Request Tracker set -up at http://rt.cpan.org . - -If you are posting a bug with a non-standard port (see the answer to -"What platforms is perl available for?"), a binary distribution, or a -non-standard module (such as Tk, CGI, etc), then please see the -documentation that came with it to determine the correct place to post -bugs. - -Read the perlbug(1) man page (perl5.004 or later) for more information. - -=head2 What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? cpan.org? - -Perl.com at http://www.perl.com/ is part of the O'Reilly Network, a -subsidiary of O'Reilly Media. - -The Perl Foundation is an advocacy organization for the Perl language -which maintains the web site http://www.perl.org/ as a general -advocacy site for the Perl language. It uses the domain to provide -general support services to the Perl community, including the hosting -of mailing lists, web sites, and other services. There are also many -other sub-domains for special topics like learning Perl, Perl news, jobs -in Perl, such as: - - http://learn.perl.org/ - http://use.perl.org/ - http://jobs.perl.org/ - http://lists.perl.org/ - -Perl Mongers uses the pm.org domain for services related to Perl user -groups, including the hosting of mailing lists and web sites. See the -Perl user group web site at http://www.pm.org/ for more information about -joining, starting, or requesting services for a Perl user group. - -http://www.cpan.org/ is the Comprehensive Perl Archive Network, -a replicated worldwide repository of Perl software, see -the I<What is CPAN?> question earlier in this document. - -=head1 REVISION - -Revision: $Revision: 10144 $ - -Date: $Date: 2007-10-31 13:50:01 +0100 (Wed, 31 Oct 2007) $ - -See L<perlfaq> for source control details and availability. - -=head1 AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT - -Copyright (c) 1997-2007 Tom Christiansen, Nathan Torkington, and -other authors as noted. All rights reserved. - -This documentation is free; you can redistribute it and/or modify it -under the same terms as Perl itself. - -Irrespective of its distribution, all code examples here are in the public -domain. You are permitted and encouraged to use this code and any -derivatives thereof in your own programs for fun or for profit as you -see fit. A simple comment in the code giving credit to the FAQ would -be courteous but is not required. |