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-package utf8;
-
-$utf8::hint_bits = 0x00800000;
-
-our $VERSION = '1.07';
-
-sub import {
- $^H |= $utf8::hint_bits;
- $enc{caller()} = $_[1] if $_[1];
-}
-
-sub unimport {
- $^H &= ~$utf8::hint_bits;
-}
-
-sub AUTOLOAD {
- require "utf8_heavy.pl";
- goto &$AUTOLOAD if defined &$AUTOLOAD;
- require Carp;
- Carp::croak("Undefined subroutine $AUTOLOAD called");
-}
-
-1;
-__END__
-
-=head1 NAME
-
-utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source code
-
-=head1 SYNOPSIS
-
- use utf8;
- no utf8;
-
- # Convert a Perl scalar to/from UTF-8.
- $num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string);
- $success = utf8::downgrade($string[, FAIL_OK]);
-
- # Change the native bytes of a Perl scalar to/from UTF-8 bytes.
- utf8::encode($string);
- utf8::decode($string);
-
- $flag = utf8::is_utf8(STRING); # since Perl 5.8.1
- $flag = utf8::valid(STRING);
-
-=head1 DESCRIPTION
-
-The C<use utf8> pragma tells the Perl parser to allow UTF-8 in the
-program text in the current lexical scope (allow UTF-EBCDIC on EBCDIC based
-platforms). The C<no utf8> pragma tells Perl to switch back to treating
-the source text as literal bytes in the current lexical scope.
-
-B<Do not use this pragma for anything else than telling Perl that your
-script is written in UTF-8.> The utility functions described below are
-directly usable without C<use utf8;>.
-
-Because it is not possible to reliably tell UTF-8 from native 8 bit
-encodings, you need either a Byte Order Mark at the beginning of your
-source code, or C<use utf8;>, to instruct perl.
-
-When UTF-8 becomes the standard source format, this pragma will
-effectively become a no-op. For convenience in what follows the term
-I<UTF-X> is used to refer to UTF-8 on ASCII and ISO Latin based
-platforms and UTF-EBCDIC on EBCDIC based platforms.
-
-See also the effects of the C<-C> switch and its cousin, the
-C<$ENV{PERL_UNICODE}>, in L<perlrun>.
-
-Enabling the C<utf8> pragma has the following effect:
-
-=over 4
-
-=item *
-
-Bytes in the source text that have their high-bit set will be treated
-as being part of a literal UTF-X sequence. This includes most
-literals such as identifier names, string constants, and constant
-regular expression patterns.
-
-On EBCDIC platforms characters in the Latin 1 character set are
-treated as being part of a literal UTF-EBCDIC character.
-
-=back
-
-Note that if you have bytes with the eighth bit on in your script
-(for example embedded Latin-1 in your string literals), C<use utf8>
-will be unhappy since the bytes are most probably not well-formed
-UTF-X. If you want to have such bytes under C<use utf8>, you can disable
-this pragma until the end the block (or file, if at top level) by
-C<no utf8;>.
-
-=head2 Utility functions
-
-The following functions are defined in the C<utf8::> package by the
-Perl core. You do not need to say C<use utf8> to use these and in fact
-you should not say that unless you really want to have UTF-8 source code.
-
-=over 4
-
-=item * $num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string)
-
-Converts in-place the internal octet sequence in the native encoding
-(Latin-1 or EBCDIC) to the equivalent character sequence in I<UTF-X>.
-I<$string> already encoded as characters does no harm. Returns the
-number of octets necessary to represent the string as I<UTF-X>. Can be
-used to make sure that the UTF-8 flag is on, so that C<\w> or C<lc()>
-work as Unicode on strings containing characters in the range 0x80-0xFF
-(on ASCII and derivatives).
-
-B<Note that this function does not handle arbitrary encodings.>
-Therefore Encode is recommended for the general purposes; see also
-L<Encode>.
-
-=item * $success = utf8::downgrade($string[, FAIL_OK])
-
-Converts in-place the internal octet sequence in I<UTF-X> to the
-equivalent octet sequence in the native encoding (Latin-1 or EBCDIC).
-I<$string> already encoded as native 8 bit does no harm. Can be used to
-make sure that the UTF-8 flag is off, e.g. when you want to make sure
-that the substr() or length() function works with the usually faster
-byte algorithm.
-
-Fails if the original I<UTF-X> sequence cannot be represented in the
-native 8 bit encoding. On failure dies or, if the value of C<FAIL_OK> is
-true, returns false.
-
-Returns true on success.
-
-B<Note that this function does not handle arbitrary encodings.>
-Therefore Encode is recommended for the general purposes; see also
-L<Encode>.
-
-=item * utf8::encode($string)
-
-Converts in-place the character sequence to the corresponding octet
-sequence in I<UTF-X>. The UTF8 flag is turned off, so that after this
-operation, the string is a byte string. Returns nothing.
-
-B<Note that this function does not handle arbitrary encodings.>
-Therefore Encode is recommended for the general purposes; see also
-L<Encode>.
-
-=item * $success = utf8::decode($string)
-
-Attempts to convert in-place the octet sequence in I<UTF-X> to the
-corresponding character sequence. The UTF-8 flag is turned on only if
-the source string contains multiple-byte I<UTF-X> characters. If
-I<$string> is invalid as I<UTF-X>, returns false; otherwise returns
-true.
-
-B<Note that this function does not handle arbitrary encodings.>
-Therefore Encode is recommended for the general purposes; see also
-L<Encode>.
-
-=item * $flag = utf8::is_utf8(STRING)
-
-(Since Perl 5.8.1) Test whether STRING is in UTF-8 internally.
-Functionally the same as Encode::is_utf8().
-
-=item * $flag = utf8::valid(STRING)
-
-[INTERNAL] Test whether STRING is in a consistent state regarding
-UTF-8. Will return true is well-formed UTF-8 and has the UTF-8 flag
-on B<or> if string is held as bytes (both these states are 'consistent').
-Main reason for this routine is to allow Perl's testsuite to check
-that operations have left strings in a consistent state. You most
-probably want to use utf8::is_utf8() instead.
-
-=back
-
-C<utf8::encode> is like C<utf8::upgrade>, but the UTF8 flag is
-cleared. See L<perlunicode> for more on the UTF8 flag and the C API
-functions C<sv_utf8_upgrade>, C<sv_utf8_downgrade>, C<sv_utf8_encode>,
-and C<sv_utf8_decode>, which are wrapped by the Perl functions
-C<utf8::upgrade>, C<utf8::downgrade>, C<utf8::encode> and
-C<utf8::decode>. Also, the functions utf8::is_utf8, utf8::valid,
-utf8::encode, utf8::decode, utf8::upgrade, and utf8::downgrade are
-actually internal, and thus always available, without a C<require utf8>
-statement.
-
-=head1 BUGS
-
-One can have Unicode in identifier names, but not in package/class or
-subroutine names. While some limited functionality towards this does
-exist as of Perl 5.8.0, that is more accidental than designed; use of
-Unicode for the said purposes is unsupported.
-
-One reason of this unfinishedness is its (currently) inherent
-unportability: since both package names and subroutine names may need
-to be mapped to file and directory names, the Unicode capability of
-the filesystem becomes important-- and there unfortunately aren't
-portable answers.
-
-=head1 SEE ALSO
-
-L<perlunitut>, L<perluniintro>, L<perlrun>, L<bytes>, L<perlunicode>
-
-=cut