summaryrefslogtreecommitdiffstats
path: root/src/3rdparty/libtiff/html/man/tiffcrop.1.html
diff options
context:
space:
mode:
authorQt by Nokia <qt-info@nokia.com>2011-04-27 12:05:43 +0200
committeraxis <qt-info@nokia.com>2011-04-27 12:05:43 +0200
commit38be0d13830efd2d98281c645c3a60afe05ffece (patch)
tree6ea73f3ec77f7d153333779883e8120f82820abe /src/3rdparty/libtiff/html/man/tiffcrop.1.html
Initial import from the monolithic Qt.
This is the beginning of revision history for this module. If you want to look at revision history older than this, please refer to the Qt Git wiki for how to use Git history grafting. At the time of writing, this wiki is located here: http://qt.gitorious.org/qt/pages/GitIntroductionWithQt If you have already performed the grafting and you don't see any history beyond this commit, try running "git log" with the "--follow" argument. Branched from the monolithic repo, Qt master branch, at commit 896db169ea224deb96c59ce8af800d019de63f12
Diffstat (limited to 'src/3rdparty/libtiff/html/man/tiffcrop.1.html')
-rw-r--r--src/3rdparty/libtiff/html/man/tiffcrop.1.html851
1 files changed, 851 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/src/3rdparty/libtiff/html/man/tiffcrop.1.html b/src/3rdparty/libtiff/html/man/tiffcrop.1.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4c25c2921b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/3rdparty/libtiff/html/man/tiffcrop.1.html
@@ -0,0 +1,851 @@
+<!-- Creator : groff version 1.18.1 -->
+<!-- CreationDate: Fri Jul 13 17:43:19 2007 -->
+<html>
+<head>
+<meta name="generator" content="groff -Thtml, see www.gnu.org">
+<meta name="Content-Style" content="text/css">
+<title>TIFFCROP</title>
+</head>
+<body>
+
+<h1 align=center>TIFFCROP</h1>
+<a href="#NAME">NAME</a><br>
+<a href="#SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a><br>
+<a href="#DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a><br>
+<a href="#OPTIONS">OPTIONS</a><br>
+<a href="#EXAMPLES">EXAMPLES</a><br>
+<a href="#SEE ALSO">SEE ALSO</a><br>
+
+<hr>
+<a name="NAME"></a>
+<h2>NAME</h2>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="8%"></td>
+<td width="91%">
+<p>tiffcrop &minus; copy, convert, crop, extract, or process
+a <small>TIFF</small> file</p>
+</td>
+</table>
+<a name="SYNOPSIS"></a>
+<h2>SYNOPSIS</h2>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="8%"></td>
+<td width="91%">
+<p><b>tiffcrop</b> [ <i>options</i> ] <i>src1.tif ...
+srcN.tif dst.tif</i></p>
+</td>
+</table>
+<a name="DESCRIPTION"></a>
+<h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="8%"></td>
+<td width="91%">
+<p><i>tiffcrop</i> combines one or more files created
+according to the Tag Image File Format, Revision 6.0 into a
+single <small>TIFF</small> file. The output file may be
+compressed using a different algorithm than the input files.
+<i>tiffcrop</i> is most often used to extract portions of an
+image for processing with bar code recognizer or OCR
+software when that software cannot restrict the region of
+interest to a specific portion of the image or to improve
+efficiency when the regions of interest must be rotated. It
+can also be used to subdivide all or part of a processed
+image into smaller sections.</p>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<p>Functions are applied to the input image in the following
+order:</p></td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="17%"></td>
+<td width="82%">
+<pre>cropping, fixed area extraction, zones, inversion, mirroring, rotation.
+</pre>
+</td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="8%"></td>
+<td width="91%">
+<p>Functions are applied to the output image in the
+following order:</p></td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="17%"></td>
+<td width="82%">
+<p>output resolution, output margins, rows and columns
+<b>or</b> page size divisions, orientation options, strip,
+tile, byte order, and compression options.</p></td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="8%"></td>
+<td width="91%">
+<p>By default, <i>tiffcrop</i> will copy all the understood
+tags in a <small>TIFF</small> directory of an input file to
+the associated directory in the output file. Options can be
+used to force the resultant image to be written as strips or
+tiles of data, respectively.</p>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<p><i>tiffcrop</i> can be used to reorganize the storage
+characteristics of data in a file, and to reorganize,
+extract, rotate, and otherwise process the image data as
+specified at the same time whereas tiffcp does not alter the
+image data itself.</p>
+</td>
+</table>
+<a name="OPTIONS"></a>
+<h2>OPTIONS</h2>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="8%"></td>
+<td width="91%">
+<p><b>&minus;N odd|even|#,#-#,#|last</b></p></td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="19%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+<p>Specify one or more series or range(s) of images within
+file to process. The words <b>odd</b> or <b>even</b> may be
+used to specify all odd or even numbered images. The word
+<b>last</b> may be used in place of a number in the sequence
+to indicate the final image in the file without knowing how
+many images there are. Ranges of images may be specified
+with a dash and multiple sets can be indicated by joining
+them in a comma-separated list. eg. use <b>&minus;N
+1,5-7,last</b> to process the 1st, 5th through 7th, and
+final image in the file.</p>
+</td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="8%"></td>
+<td width="91%">
+<p><b>&minus;E top|bottom|left|right</b></p></td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="19%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+<p>Specify the top, bottom, left, or right edge as the
+reference from which to calcuate the width and length of
+crop regions or sequence of postions for zones. May be
+abbreviated to first letter.</p>
+</td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="8%"></td>
+<td width="91%">
+<p><b>&minus;U in|cm|px</b></p></td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="19%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+<p>Specify the type of units to apply to dimensions for
+margins and crop regions for input and output images. Inches
+or centimeters are converted to pixels using the resolution
+unit specified in the TIFF file (which defaults to inches if
+not specified in the IFD).</p>
+</td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="8%"></td>
+<td width="91%">
+<p><b>&minus;m #,#,#,#</b></p></td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="19%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+<p>Specify margins to be removed from the input image. The
+order must be top, left, bottom, right with only commas
+separating the elements of the list. Margins are scaled
+according to the current units and removed before any other
+extractions are computed. Captial M was in use.</p>
+</td>
+</table>
+<!-- TABS -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="5" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="10%"></td>
+<td width="6%">
+
+<p><b>&minus;X #</b></p>
+</td>
+<td width="2%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+
+<p>Set the horizontal (X-axis) dimension of a region to
+extract relative to the specified origin reference. If the
+origin is the top or bottom edge, the X axis value will be
+assumed to start at the left edge.</p>
+</td>
+<td width="0%">
+</td>
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="10%"></td>
+<td width="6%">
+
+<p><b>&minus;Y #</b></p>
+</td>
+<td width="2%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+
+<p>Set the vertical (Y-axis) dimension of a region to
+extract relative to the specified origin reference. If the
+origin is the left or right edge, the Y axis value will be
+assumed to start at the top.</p>
+</td>
+<td width="0%">
+</td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="8%"></td>
+<td width="91%">
+<p><b>&minus;Z #:#,#:#</b></p></td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="19%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+<p>Specify zones of the image designated as position X of Y
+equal sized portions measured from the reference edge, eg
+1:3 would be first third of the image starting from the
+reference edge minus any margins specified for the confining
+edges. Multiple zones can be specified as a comma separated
+list but they must reference the same edge. To extract the
+top quarter and the bottom third of an image you would use
+<b>&minus;Z 1:4,3:3.</b></p>
+</td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="8%"></td>
+<td width="91%">
+<p><b>&minus;F horiz|vert</b></p></td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="19%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+<p>Flip, ie mirror, the image or extracted region
+horizontally or vertically.</p>
+</td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="8%"></td>
+<td width="91%">
+<p><b>&minus;R 90|180|270</b></p></td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="19%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+<p>Rotate the image or extracted region 90, 180, or 270
+degrees clockwise.</p>
+</td>
+</table>
+<!-- TABS -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="5" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="10%"></td>
+<td width="6%">
+
+<p><b>&minus;I</b></p>
+</td>
+<td width="2%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+
+<p>Invert the colorspace values for grayscale and bilevel
+images. This would be used to correct negative images that
+have incorrect PHOTMETRIC INTERPRETATION tags. No support
+for color images.</p>
+</td>
+<td width="0%">
+</td>
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="10%"></td>
+<td width="6%">
+
+<p><b>&minus;H #</b></p>
+</td>
+<td width="2%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+
+<p>Set the horizontal resolution of output images to #
+expressed in the current units.</p>
+</td>
+<td width="0%">
+</td>
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="10%"></td>
+<td width="6%">
+
+<p><b>&minus;V #</b></p>
+</td>
+<td width="2%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+
+<p>Set the vertical resolution of the output images to #
+expressed in the current units.</p>
+</td>
+<td width="0%">
+</td>
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="10%"></td>
+<td width="6%">
+
+<p><b>&minus;J #</b></p>
+</td>
+<td width="2%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+
+<p>Set the horizontal margin of an output page size to #
+expressed in the current units.</p>
+</td>
+<td width="0%">
+</td>
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="10%"></td>
+<td width="6%">
+
+<p><b>&minus;K #</b></p>
+</td>
+<td width="2%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+
+<p>Set the vertical margin of an output page size to #
+expressed in the current units.</p>
+</td>
+<td width="0%">
+</td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="8%"></td>
+<td width="91%">
+<p><b>&minus;O portrait|landscape|auto</b></p></td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="19%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+<p>Set the output orientation of the pages or sections. Auto
+will use the arrangement that requires the fewest pages.</p>
+</td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="8%"></td>
+<td width="91%">
+<p><b>&minus;S cols:rows</b></p></td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="19%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+<p>Divide each image into cols across and rows down equal
+sections.</p>
+</td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="8%"></td>
+<td width="91%">
+<p><b>&minus;P page</b></p></td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="19%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+<p>Format the output images to fit on page size paper. Use
+-P list to show the supported page sizes and dimensions.</p>
+</td>
+</table>
+<!-- TABS -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="5" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="10%"></td>
+<td width="3%">
+
+<p><b>&minus;B</b></p>
+</td>
+<td width="5%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+
+<p>Force output to be written with Big-Endian byte order.
+This option only has an effect when the output file is
+created or overwritten and not when it is appended to.</p>
+</td>
+<td width="0%">
+</td>
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="10%"></td>
+<td width="3%">
+
+<p><b>&minus;C</b></p>
+</td>
+<td width="5%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+
+<p>Suppress the use of &lsquo;&lsquo;strip
+chopping&rsquo;&rsquo; when reading images that have a
+single strip/tile of uncompressed data.</p>
+</td>
+<td width="0%">
+</td>
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="10%"></td>
+<td width="3%">
+
+<p><b>&minus;c</b></p>
+</td>
+<td width="5%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+
+<p>Specify the compression to use for data written to the
+output file: <b>none</b> for no compression, <b>packbits</b>
+for PackBits compression, <b>lzw</b> for Lempel-Ziv &amp;
+Welch compression, <b>jpeg</b> for baseline JPEG
+compression, <b>zip</b> for Deflate compression, <b>g3</b>
+for CCITT Group 3 (T.4) compression, and <b>g4</b> for CCITT
+Group 4 (T.6) compression. By default <i>tiffcrop</i> will
+compress data according to the value of the
+<i>Compression</i> tag found in the source file.</p>
+</td>
+<td width="0%">
+</td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="17%"></td>
+<td width="82%">
+<p>The <small>CCITT</small> Group 3 and Group 4 compression
+algorithms can only be used with bilevel data.</p>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<p>Group 3 compression can be specified together with
+several T.4-specific options: <b>1d</b> for 1-dimensional
+encoding, <b>2d</b> for 2-dimensional encoding, and
+<b>fill</b> to force each encoded scanline to be zero-filled
+so that the terminating EOL code lies on a byte boundary.
+Group 3-specific options are specified by appending a
+&lsquo;&lsquo;:&rsquo;&rsquo;-separated list to the
+&lsquo;&lsquo;g3&rsquo;&rsquo; option; e.g. <b>&minus;c
+g3:2d:fill</b> to get 2D-encoded data with byte-aligned EOL
+codes.</p>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<p><small>LZW</small> compression can be specified together
+with a <i>predictor</i> value. A predictor value of 2 causes
+each scanline of the output image to undergo horizontal
+differencing before it is encoded; a value of 1 forces each
+scanline to be encoded without differencing. LZW-specific
+options are specified by appending a
+&lsquo;&lsquo;:&rsquo;&rsquo;-separated list to the
+&lsquo;&lsquo;lzw&rsquo;&rsquo; option; e.g. <b>&minus;c
+lzw:2</b> for <small>LZW</small> compression with horizontal
+differencing.</p>
+</td>
+</table>
+<!-- TABS -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="5" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="10%"></td>
+<td width="3%">
+
+<p><b>&minus;f</b></p>
+</td>
+<td width="5%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+
+<p>Specify the bit fill order to use in writing output
+data. By default, <i>tiffcrop</i> will create a new file
+with the same fill order as the original. Specifying
+<b>&minus;f lsb2msb</b> will force data to be written with
+the FillOrder tag set to <small>LSB2MSB,</small> while
+<b>&minus;f msb2lsb</b> will force data to be written with
+the FillOrder tag set to <small>MSB2LSB.</small></p>
+</td>
+<td width="0%">
+</td>
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="10%"></td>
+<td width="3%">
+
+<p><b>&minus;i</b></p>
+</td>
+<td width="5%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+
+<p>Ignore non-fatal read errors and continue processing of
+the input file.</p>
+</td>
+<td width="0%">
+</td>
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="10%"></td>
+<td width="3%">
+
+<p><b>&minus;l</b></p>
+</td>
+<td width="5%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+
+<p>Specify the length of a tile (in pixels).
+<i>tiffcrop</i> attempts to set the tile dimensions so that
+no more than 8 kilobytes of data appear in a tile.</p>
+</td>
+<td width="0%">
+</td>
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="10%"></td>
+<td width="3%">
+
+<p><b>&minus;L</b></p>
+</td>
+<td width="5%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+
+<p>Force output to be written with Little-Endian byte
+order. This option only has an effect when the output file
+is created or overwritten and not when it is appended
+to.</p>
+</td>
+<td width="0%">
+</td>
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="10%"></td>
+<td width="3%">
+
+<p><b>&minus;M</b></p>
+</td>
+<td width="5%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+
+<p>Suppress the use of memory-mapped files when reading
+images.</p>
+</td>
+<td width="0%">
+</td>
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="10%"></td>
+<td width="3%">
+
+<p><b>&minus;p</b></p>
+</td>
+<td width="5%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+
+<p>Specify the planar configuration to use in writing image
+data that has more than one 8-bit sample per pixel. By
+default, <i>tiffcrop</i> will create a new file with the
+same planar configuration as the original. Specifying
+<b>&minus;p contig</b> will force data to be written with
+multi-sample data packed together, while <b>&minus;p
+separate</b> will force samples to be written in separate
+planes.</p>
+</td>
+<td width="0%">
+</td>
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="10%"></td>
+<td width="3%">
+
+<p><b>&minus;r</b></p>
+</td>
+<td width="5%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+
+<p>Specify the number of rows (scanlines) in each strip of
+data written to the output file. By default (or when value
+<b>0</b> is specified), <i>tiffcrop</i> attempts to set the
+rows/strip that no more than 8 kilobytes of data appear in a
+strip. If you specify the special value <b>-1</b> it will
+results in infinite number of the rows per strip. The entire
+image will be the one strip in that case.</p>
+</td>
+<td width="0%">
+</td>
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="10%"></td>
+<td width="3%">
+
+<p><b>&minus;s</b></p>
+</td>
+<td width="5%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+
+<p>Force the output file to be written with data organized
+in strips (rather than tiles).</p>
+</td>
+<td width="0%">
+</td>
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="10%"></td>
+<td width="3%">
+
+<p><b>&minus;t</b></p>
+</td>
+<td width="5%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+
+<p>Force the output file to be written with data organized
+in tiles (rather than strips).</p>
+</td>
+<td width="0%">
+</td>
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="10%"></td>
+<td width="3%">
+
+<p><b>&minus;w</b></p>
+</td>
+<td width="5%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+
+<p>Specify the width of a tile (in pixels). <i>tiffcrop</i>
+attempts to set the tile dimensions so that no more than 8
+kilobytes of data appear in a tile. <i>tiffcrop</i> attempts
+to set the tile dimensions so that no more than 8 kilobytes
+of data appear in a tile.</p>
+</td>
+<td width="0%">
+</td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="8%"></td>
+<td width="91%">
+<p><b>&minus;,={character}</b></p></td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="19%"></td>
+<td width="80%">
+<p>substitute {character} for &rsquo;,&rsquo; in parsing
+image directory indices in files. This is necessary if
+filenames contain commas. Note that &rsquo;,=&rsquo; with
+whitespace immediately following will disable the special
+meaning of the &rsquo;,&rsquo; entirely. See examples.</p>
+</td>
+</table>
+<a name="EXAMPLES"></a>
+<h2>EXAMPLES</h2>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="8%"></td>
+<td width="91%">
+<p>The following concatenates two files and writes the
+result using <small>LZW</small> encoding:</p></td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="17%"></td>
+<td width="82%">
+<pre>tiffcrop -c lzw a.tif b.tif result.tif
+</pre>
+</td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="8%"></td>
+<td width="91%">
+<p>To convert a G3 1d-encoded <small>TIFF</small> to a
+single strip of G4-encoded data the following might be
+used:</p></td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="17%"></td>
+<td width="82%">
+<pre>tiffcrop -c g4 -r 10000 g3.tif g4.tif
+</pre>
+</td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="8%"></td>
+<td width="91%">
+<p>(1000 is just a number that is larger than the number of
+rows in the source file.)</p>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<p>To extract a selected set of images from a multi-image
+TIFF file use the -N option described above. Thus, to copy
+the 1st and 3rd images of image file &quot;album.tif&quot;
+to &quot;result.tif&quot;:</p></td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="17%"></td>
+<td width="82%">
+<pre>tiffcrop -N 1,3 album.tif result.tif
+</pre>
+</td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="8%"></td>
+<td width="91%">
+<p>Invert a bilevel image scan of a microfilmed document and
+crop off margins of 0.25 inches on the left and right, 0.5
+inch on the top, nad 0.75 inch on the bottom. From the
+remaining portion of the image, select the second and third
+quarters, ie, one half of the area left from the center to
+each margin.</p></td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="17%"></td>
+<td width="82%">
+<pre>tiffcrop -U in -m 0.5,0.25,0.75,0.25 -E left -Z 2:4,3:4 -I MicrofilmNegative.tif MicrofilmPostiveCenter.tif
+</pre>
+</td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="8%"></td>
+<td width="91%">
+<p>Extract only the final image of a large Architectural E
+sized multipage TIFF file and rotate it 90 degrees clockwise
+while reformatting the output to fit on tabloid sized sheets
+with one quarter of an inch on each side:</p></td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="17%"></td>
+<td width="82%">
+<pre>tiffcrop -N last -R 90 -O auto -P tabloid -U in -J 0.25 -K 0.25 -H 300 -V 300 Big-PlatMap.tif BigPlatMap-Tabloid.tif
+</pre>
+</td>
+</table>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="8%"></td>
+<td width="91%">
+<p>The output images will have a specified resolution of 300
+dpi in both directions. The orientation of each page will be
+determined by whichever choice requires the fewest pages. To
+specify a specific orientation, use the portrait or
+landscape option.</p>
+</td>
+</table>
+<a name="SEE ALSO"></a>
+<h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
+ cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+<tr valign="top" align="left">
+<td width="8%"></td>
+<td width="91%">
+<p><b>pal2rgb</b>(1), <b>tiffinfo</b>(1), <b>tiffcmp</b>(1),
+<b>tiffcp</b>(1), <b>tiffmedian</b>(1), <b>tiffsplit</b>(1),
+<b>libtiff</b>(3TIFF)</p>
+<!-- INDENTATION -->
+<p>Libtiff library home page:
+<b>http://www.remotesensing.org/libtiff/</b></p>
+</td>
+</table>
+<hr>
+</body>
+</html>