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authorQt by Nokia <qt-info@nokia.com>2011-04-27 12:05:43 +0200
committeraxis <qt-info@nokia.com>2011-04-27 12:05:43 +0200
commit38be0d13830efd2d98281c645c3a60afe05ffece (patch)
tree6ea73f3ec77f7d153333779883e8120f82820abe /src/corelib/thread/qatomic.cpp
Initial import from the monolithic Qt.
This is the beginning of revision history for this module. If you want to look at revision history older than this, please refer to the Qt Git wiki for how to use Git history grafting. At the time of writing, this wiki is located here: http://qt.gitorious.org/qt/pages/GitIntroductionWithQt If you have already performed the grafting and you don't see any history beyond this commit, try running "git log" with the "--follow" argument. Branched from the monolithic repo, Qt master branch, at commit 896db169ea224deb96c59ce8af800d019de63f12
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+/****************************************************************************
+**
+** Copyright (C) 2011 Nokia Corporation and/or its subsidiary(-ies).
+** All rights reserved.
+** Contact: Nokia Corporation (qt-info@nokia.com)
+**
+** This file is part of the QtCore module of the Qt Toolkit.
+**
+** $QT_BEGIN_LICENSE:LGPL$
+** No Commercial Usage
+** This file contains pre-release code and may not be distributed.
+** You may use this file in accordance with the terms and conditions
+** contained in the Technology Preview License Agreement accompanying
+** this package.
+**
+** GNU Lesser General Public License Usage
+** Alternatively, this file may be used under the terms of the GNU Lesser
+** General Public License version 2.1 as published by the Free Software
+** Foundation and appearing in the file LICENSE.LGPL included in the
+** packaging of this file. Please review the following information to
+** ensure the GNU Lesser General Public License version 2.1 requirements
+** will be met: http://www.gnu.org/licenses/old-licenses/lgpl-2.1.html.
+**
+** In addition, as a special exception, Nokia gives you certain additional
+** rights. These rights are described in the Nokia Qt LGPL Exception
+** version 1.1, included in the file LGPL_EXCEPTION.txt in this package.
+**
+** If you have questions regarding the use of this file, please contact
+** Nokia at qt-info@nokia.com.
+**
+**
+**
+**
+**
+**
+**
+**
+** $QT_END_LICENSE$
+**
+****************************************************************************/
+
+/*!
+ \class QAtomicInt
+ \brief The QAtomicInt class provides platform-independent atomic operations on integers.
+ \since 4.4
+
+ \ingroup thread
+
+ For atomic operations on pointers, see the QAtomicPointer class.
+
+ An \e atomic operation is a complex operation that completes without interruption.
+ The QAtomicInt class provides atomic reference counting, test-and-set, fetch-and-store,
+ and fetch-and-add for integers.
+
+ \section1 Non-atomic convenience operators
+
+ For convenience, QAtomicInt provides integer comparison, cast, and
+ assignment operators. Note that a combination of these operators
+ is \e not an atomic operation.
+
+ \section1 The Atomic API
+
+ \section2 Reference counting
+
+ The ref() and deref() functions provide an efficient reference
+ counting API. The return value of these functions are used to
+ indicate when the last reference has been released. These
+ functions allow you to implement your own implicitly shared
+ classes.
+
+ \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/src_corelib_thread_qatomic.cpp 0
+
+ \section2 Memory ordering
+
+ QAtomicInt provides several implementations of the atomic
+ test-and-set, fetch-and-store, and fetch-and-add functions. Each
+ implementation defines a memory ordering semantic that describes
+ how memory accesses surrounding the atomic instruction are
+ executed by the processor. Since many modern architectures allow
+ out-of-order execution and memory ordering, using the correct
+ semantic is necessary to ensure that your application functions
+ properly on all processors.
+
+ \list
+
+ \o Relaxed - memory ordering is unspecified, leaving the compiler
+ and processor to freely reorder memory accesses.
+
+ \o Acquire - memory access following the atomic operation (in
+ program order) may not be re-ordered before the atomic operation.
+
+ \o Release - memory access before the atomic operation (in program
+ order) may not be re-ordered after the atomic operation.
+
+ \o Ordered - the same Acquire and Release semantics combined.
+
+ \endlist
+
+ \section2 Test-and-set
+
+ If the current value of the QAtomicInt is an expected value, the
+ test-and-set functions assign a new value to the QAtomicInt and
+ return true. If values are \a not the same, these functions do
+ nothing and return false. This operation equates to the following
+ code:
+
+ \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/src_corelib_thread_qatomic.cpp 1
+
+ There are 4 test-and-set functions: testAndSetRelaxed(),
+ testAndSetAcquire(), testAndSetRelease(), and
+ testAndSetOrdered(). See above for an explanation of the different
+ memory ordering semantics.
+
+ \section2 Fetch-and-store
+
+ The atomic fetch-and-store functions read the current value of the
+ QAtomicInt and then assign a new value, returning the original
+ value. This operation equates to the following code:
+
+ \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/src_corelib_thread_qatomic.cpp 2
+
+ There are 4 fetch-and-store functions: fetchAndStoreRelaxed(),
+ fetchAndStoreAcquire(), fetchAndStoreRelease(), and
+ fetchAndStoreOrdered(). See above for an explanation of the
+ different memory ordering semantics.
+
+ \section2 Fetch-and-add
+
+ The atomic fetch-and-add functions read the current value of the
+ QAtomicInt and then add the given value to the current value,
+ returning the original value. This operation equates to the
+ following code:
+
+ \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/src_corelib_thread_qatomic.cpp 3
+
+ There are 4 fetch-and-add functions: fetchAndAddRelaxed(),
+ fetchAndAddAcquire(), fetchAndAddRelease(), and
+ fetchAndAddOrdered(). See above for an explanation of the
+ different memory ordering semantics.
+
+ \section1 Feature Tests for the Atomic API
+
+ Providing a platform-independent atomic API that works on all
+ processors is challenging. The API provided by QAtomicInt is
+ guaranteed to work atomically on all processors. However, since
+ not all processors implement support for every operation provided
+ by QAtomicInt, it is necessary to expose information about the
+ processor.
+
+ You can check at compile time which features are supported on your
+ hardware using various macros. These will tell you if your
+ hardware always, sometimes, or does not support a particular
+ operation. The macros have the form
+ Q_ATOMIC_INT_\e{OPERATION}_IS_\e{HOW}_NATIVE. \e{OPERATION}
+ is one of REFERENCE_COUNTING, TEST_AND_SET,
+ FETCH_AND_STORE, or FETCH_AND_ADD, and \e{HOW} is one of
+ ALWAYS, SOMETIMES, or NOT. There will always be exactly one
+ defined macro per operation. For example, if
+ Q_ATOMIC_INT_REFERENCE_COUNTING_IS_ALWAYS_NATIVE is defined,
+ neither Q_ATOMIC_INT_REFERENCE_COUNTING_IS_SOMETIMES_NATIVE nor
+ Q_ATOMIC_INT_REFERENCE_COUNTING_IS_NOT_NATIVE will be defined.
+
+ An operation that completes in constant time is said to be
+ wait-free. Such operations are not implemented using locks or
+ loops of any kind. For atomic operations that are always
+ supported, and that are wait-free, Qt defines the
+ Q_ATOMIC_INT_\e{OPERATION}_IS_WAIT_FREE in addition to the
+ Q_ATOMIC_INT_\e{OPERATION}_IS_ALWAYS_NATIVE.
+
+ In cases where an atomic operation is only supported in newer
+ generations of the processor, QAtomicInt also provides a way to
+ check at runtime what your hardware supports with the
+ isReferenceCountingNative(), isTestAndSetNative(),
+ isFetchAndStoreNative(), and isFetchAndAddNative()
+ functions. Wait-free implementations can be detected using the
+ isReferenceCountingWaitFree(), isTestAndSetWaitFree(),
+ isFetchAndStoreWaitFree(), and isFetchAndAddWaitFree() functions.
+
+ Below is a complete list of all feature macros for QAtomicInt:
+
+ \list
+
+ \o Q_ATOMIC_INT_REFERENCE_COUNTING_IS_ALWAYS_NATIVE
+ \o Q_ATOMIC_INT_REFERENCE_COUNTING_IS_SOMETIMES_NATIVE
+ \o Q_ATOMIC_INT_REFERENCE_COUNTING_IS_NOT_NATIVE
+ \o Q_ATOMIC_INT_REFERENCE_COUNTING_IS_WAIT_FREE
+
+ \o Q_ATOMIC_INT_TEST_AND_SET_IS_ALWAYS_NATIVE
+ \o Q_ATOMIC_INT_TEST_AND_SET_IS_SOMETIMES_NATIVE
+ \o Q_ATOMIC_INT_TEST_AND_SET_IS_NOT_NATIVE
+ \o Q_ATOMIC_INT_TEST_AND_SET_IS_WAIT_FREE
+
+ \o Q_ATOMIC_INT_FETCH_AND_STORE_IS_ALWAYS_NATIVE
+ \o Q_ATOMIC_INT_FETCH_AND_STORE_IS_SOMETIMES_NATIVE
+ \o Q_ATOMIC_INT_FETCH_AND_STORE_IS_NOT_NATIVE
+ \o Q_ATOMIC_INT_FETCH_AND_STORE_IS_WAIT_FREE
+
+ \o Q_ATOMIC_INT_FETCH_AND_ADD_IS_ALWAYS_NATIVE
+ \o Q_ATOMIC_INT_FETCH_AND_ADD_IS_SOMETIMES_NATIVE
+ \o Q_ATOMIC_INT_FETCH_AND_ADD_IS_NOT_NATIVE
+ \o Q_ATOMIC_INT_FETCH_AND_ADD_IS_WAIT_FREE
+
+ \endlist
+
+ \sa QAtomicPointer
+*/
+
+/*! \fn QAtomicInt::QAtomicInt(int value)
+
+ Constructs a QAtomicInt with the given \a value.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn QAtomicInt::QAtomicInt(const QAtomicInt &other)
+
+ Constructs a copy of \a other.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn QAtomicInt &QAtomicInt::operator=(int value)
+
+ Assigns the \a value to this QAtomicInt and returns a reference to
+ this QAtomicInt.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn QAtomicInt &QAtomicInt::operator=(const QAtomicInt &other)
+
+ Assigns \a other to this QAtomicInt and returns a reference to
+ this QAtomicInt.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn bool QAtomicInt::operator==(int value) const
+
+ Returns true if the \a value is equal to the value in this
+ QAtomicInt; otherwise returns false.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn bool QAtomicInt::operator!=(int value) const
+
+ Returns true if the value of this QAtomicInt is not equal to \a
+ value; otherwise returns false.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn bool QAtomicInt::operator!() const
+
+ Returns true is the value of this QAtomicInt is zero; otherwise
+ returns false.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn QAtomicInt::operator int() const
+
+ Returns the value stored by the QAtomicInt object as an integer.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn bool QAtomicInt::isReferenceCountingNative()
+
+ Returns true if reference counting is implemented using atomic
+ processor instructions, false otherwise.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn bool QAtomicInt::isReferenceCountingWaitFree()
+
+ Returns true if atomic reference counting is wait-free, false
+ otherwise.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn bool QAtomicInt::ref()
+ Atomically increments the value of this QAtomicInt. Returns true
+ if the new value is non-zero, false otherwise.
+
+ This function uses \e ordered \l {QAtomicInt#Memory
+ ordering}{memory ordering} semantics, which ensures that memory
+ access before and after the atomic operation (in program order)
+ may not be re-ordered.
+
+ \sa deref()
+*/
+
+/*! \fn bool QAtomicInt::deref()
+ Atomically decrements the value of this QAtomicInt. Returns true
+ if the new value is non-zero, false otherwise.
+
+ This function uses \e ordered \l {QAtomicInt#Memory
+ ordering}{memory ordering} semantics, which ensures that memory
+ access before and after the atomic operation (in program order)
+ may not be re-ordered.
+
+ \sa ref()
+*/
+
+/*! \fn bool QAtomicInt::isTestAndSetNative()
+
+ Returns true if test-and-set is implemented using atomic processor
+ instructions, false otherwise.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn bool QAtomicInt::isTestAndSetWaitFree()
+
+ Returns true if atomic test-and-set is wait-free, false otherwise.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn bool QAtomicInt::testAndSetRelaxed(int expectedValue, int newValue)
+
+ Atomic test-and-set.
+
+ If the current value of this QAtomicInt is the \a expectedValue,
+ the test-and-set functions assign the \a newValue to this
+ QAtomicInt and return true. If the values are \e not the same,
+ this function does nothing and returns false.
+
+ This function uses \e relaxed \l {QAtomicInt#Memory
+ ordering}{memory ordering} semantics, leaving the compiler and
+ processor to freely reorder memory accesses.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn bool QAtomicInt::testAndSetAcquire(int expectedValue, int newValue)
+
+ Atomic test-and-set.
+
+ If the current value of this QAtomicInt is the \a expectedValue,
+ the test-and-set functions assign the \a newValue to this
+ QAtomicInt and return true. If the values are \e not the same,
+ this function does nothing and returns false.
+
+ This function uses \e acquire \l {QAtomicInt#Memory
+ ordering}{memory ordering} semantics, which ensures that memory
+ access following the atomic operation (in program order) may not
+ be re-ordered before the atomic operation.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn bool QAtomicInt::testAndSetRelease(int expectedValue, int newValue)
+
+ Atomic test-and-set.
+
+ If the current value of this QAtomicInt is the \a expectedValue,
+ the test-and-set functions assign the \a newValue to this
+ QAtomicInt and return true. If the values are \e not the same,
+ this function does nothing and returns false.
+
+ This function uses \e release \l {QAtomicInt#Memory
+ ordering}{memory ordering} semantics, which ensures that memory
+ access before the atomic operation (in program order) may not be
+ re-ordered after the atomic operation.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn bool QAtomicInt::testAndSetOrdered(int expectedValue, int newValue)
+
+ Atomic test-and-set.
+
+ If the current value of this QAtomicInt is the \a expectedValue,
+ the test-and-set functions assign the \a newValue to this
+ QAtomicInt and return true. If the values are \e not the same,
+ this function does nothing and returns false.
+
+ This function uses \e ordered \l {QAtomicInt#Memory
+ ordering}{memory ordering} semantics, which ensures that memory
+ access before and after the atomic operation (in program order)
+ may not be re-ordered.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn bool QAtomicInt::isFetchAndStoreNative()
+
+ Returns true if fetch-and-store is implemented using atomic
+ processor instructions, false otherwise.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn bool QAtomicInt::isFetchAndStoreWaitFree()
+
+ Returns true if atomic fetch-and-store is wait-free, false
+ otherwise.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn int QAtomicInt::fetchAndStoreRelaxed(int newValue)
+
+ Atomic fetch-and-store.
+
+ Reads the current value of this QAtomicInt and then assigns it the
+ \a newValue, returning the original value.
+
+ This function uses \e relaxed \l {QAtomicInt#Memory
+ ordering}{memory ordering} semantics, leaving the compiler and
+ processor to freely reorder memory accesses.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn int QAtomicInt::fetchAndStoreAcquire(int newValue)
+
+ Atomic fetch-and-store.
+
+ Reads the current value of this QAtomicInt and then assigns it the
+ \a newValue, returning the original value.
+
+ This function uses \e acquire \l {QAtomicInt#Memory
+ ordering}{memory ordering} semantics, which ensures that memory
+ access following the atomic operation (in program order) may not
+ be re-ordered before the atomic operation.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn int QAtomicInt::fetchAndStoreRelease(int newValue)
+
+ Atomic fetch-and-store.
+
+ Reads the current value of this QAtomicInt and then assigns it the
+ \a newValue, returning the original value.
+
+ This function uses \e release \l {QAtomicInt#Memory
+ ordering}{memory ordering} semantics, which ensures that memory
+ access before the atomic operation (in program order) may not be
+ re-ordered after the atomic operation.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn int QAtomicInt::fetchAndStoreOrdered(int newValue)
+
+ Atomic fetch-and-store.
+
+ Reads the current value of this QAtomicInt and then assigns it the
+ \a newValue, returning the original value.
+
+ This function uses \e ordered \l {QAtomicInt#Memory
+ ordering}{memory ordering} semantics, which ensures that memory
+ access before and after the atomic operation (in program order)
+ may not be re-ordered.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn bool QAtomicInt::isFetchAndAddNative()
+
+ Returns true if fetch-and-add is implemented using atomic
+ processor instructions, false otherwise.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn bool QAtomicInt::isFetchAndAddWaitFree()
+
+ Returns true if atomic fetch-and-add is wait-free, false
+ otherwise.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn int QAtomicInt::fetchAndAddRelaxed(int valueToAdd)
+
+ Atomic fetch-and-add.
+
+ Reads the current value of this QAtomicInt and then adds
+ \a valueToAdd to the current value, returning the original value.
+
+ This function uses \e relaxed \l {QAtomicInt#Memory
+ ordering}{memory ordering} semantics, leaving the compiler and
+ processor to freely reorder memory accesses.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn int QAtomicInt::fetchAndAddAcquire(int valueToAdd)
+
+ Atomic fetch-and-add.
+
+ Reads the current value of this QAtomicInt and then adds
+ \a valueToAdd to the current value, returning the original value.
+
+ This function uses \e acquire \l {QAtomicInt#Memory
+ ordering}{memory ordering} semantics, which ensures that memory
+ access following the atomic operation (in program order) may not
+ be re-ordered before the atomic operation.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn int QAtomicInt::fetchAndAddRelease(int valueToAdd)
+
+ Atomic fetch-and-add.
+
+ Reads the current value of this QAtomicInt and then adds
+ \a valueToAdd to the current value, returning the original value.
+
+ This function uses \e release \l {QAtomicInt#Memory
+ ordering}{memory ordering} semantics, which ensures that memory
+ access before the atomic operation (in program order) may not be
+ re-ordered after the atomic operation.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn int QAtomicInt::fetchAndAddOrdered(int valueToAdd)
+
+ Atomic fetch-and-add.
+
+ Reads the current value of this QAtomicInt and then adds
+ \a valueToAdd to the current value, returning the original value.
+
+ This function uses \e ordered \l {QAtomicInt#Memory
+ ordering}{memory ordering} semantics, which ensures that memory
+ access before and after the atomic operation (in program order)
+ may not be re-ordered.
+*/
+
+/*!
+ \macro Q_ATOMIC_INT_REFERENCE_COUNTING_IS_ALWAYS_NATIVE
+ \relates QAtomicInt
+
+ This macro is defined if and only if all generations of your
+ processor support atomic reference counting.
+*/
+
+/*!
+ \macro Q_ATOMIC_INT_REFERENCE_COUNTING_IS_SOMETIMES_NATIVE
+ \relates QAtomicInt
+
+ This macro is defined when only certain generations of the
+ processor support atomic reference counting. Use the
+ QAtomicInt::isReferenceCountingNative() function to check what
+ your processor supports.
+*/
+
+/*!
+ \macro Q_ATOMIC_INT_REFERENCE_COUNTING_IS_NOT_NATIVE
+ \relates QAtomicInt
+
+ This macro is defined when the hardware does not support atomic
+ reference counting.
+*/
+
+/*!
+ \macro Q_ATOMIC_INT_REFERENCE_COUNTING_IS_WAIT_FREE
+ \relates QAtomicInt
+
+ This macro is defined together with
+ Q_ATOMIC_INT_REFERENCE_COUNTING_IS_ALWAYS_NATIVE to indicate that
+ the reference counting is wait-free.
+*/
+
+/*!
+ \macro Q_ATOMIC_INT_TEST_AND_SET_IS_ALWAYS_NATIVE
+ \relates QAtomicInt
+
+ This macro is defined if and only if your processor supports
+ atomic test-and-set on integers.
+*/
+
+/*!
+ \macro Q_ATOMIC_INT_TEST_AND_SET_IS_SOMETIMES_NATIVE
+ \relates QAtomicInt
+
+ This macro is defined when only certain generations of the
+ processor support atomic test-and-set on integers. Use the
+ QAtomicInt::isTestAndSetNative() function to check what your
+ processor supports.
+*/
+
+/*!
+ \macro Q_ATOMIC_INT_TEST_AND_SET_IS_NOT_NATIVE
+ \relates QAtomicInt
+
+ This macro is defined when the hardware does not support atomic
+ test-and-set on integers.
+*/
+
+/*!
+ \macro Q_ATOMIC_INT_TEST_AND_SET_IS_WAIT_FREE
+ \relates QAtomicInt
+
+ This macro is defined together with
+ Q_ATOMIC_INT_TEST_AND_SET_IS_ALWAYS_NATIVE to indicate that the
+ atomic test-and-set on integers is wait-free.
+*/
+
+/*!
+ \macro Q_ATOMIC_INT_FETCH_AND_STORE_IS_ALWAYS_NATIVE
+ \relates QAtomicInt
+
+ This macro is defined if and only if your processor supports
+ atomic fetch-and-store on integers.
+*/
+
+/*!
+ \macro Q_ATOMIC_INT_FETCH_AND_STORE_IS_SOMETIMES_NATIVE
+ \relates QAtomicInt
+
+ This macro is defined when only certain generations of the
+ processor support atomic fetch-and-store on integers. Use the
+ QAtomicInt::isFetchAndStoreNative() function to check what your
+ processor supports.
+*/
+
+/*!
+ \macro Q_ATOMIC_INT_FETCH_AND_STORE_IS_NOT_NATIVE
+ \relates QAtomicInt
+
+ This macro is defined when the hardware does not support atomic
+ fetch-and-store on integers.
+*/
+
+/*!
+ \macro Q_ATOMIC_INT_FETCH_AND_STORE_IS_WAIT_FREE
+ \relates QAtomicInt
+
+ This macro is defined together with
+ Q_ATOMIC_INT_FETCH_AND_STORE_IS_ALWAYS_NATIVE to indicate that the
+ atomic fetch-and-store on integers is wait-free.
+*/
+
+/*!
+ \macro Q_ATOMIC_INT_FETCH_AND_ADD_IS_ALWAYS_NATIVE
+ \relates QAtomicInt
+
+ This macro is defined if and only if your processor supports
+ atomic fetch-and-add on integers.
+*/
+
+/*!
+ \macro Q_ATOMIC_INT_FETCH_AND_ADD_IS_SOMETIMES_NATIVE
+ \relates QAtomicInt
+
+ This macro is defined when only certain generations of the
+ processor support atomic fetch-and-add on integers. Use the
+ QAtomicInt::isFetchAndAddNative() function to check what your
+ processor supports.
+*/
+
+/*!
+ \macro Q_ATOMIC_INT_FETCH_AND_ADD_IS_NOT_NATIVE
+ \relates QAtomicInt
+
+ This macro is defined when the hardware does not support atomic
+ fetch-and-add on integers.
+*/
+
+/*!
+ \macro Q_ATOMIC_INT_FETCH_AND_ADD_IS_WAIT_FREE
+ \relates QAtomicInt
+
+ This macro is defined together with
+ Q_ATOMIC_INT_FETCH_AND_ADD_IS_ALWAYS_NATIVE to indicate that the
+ atomic fetch-and-add on integers is wait-free.
+*/
+
+
+
+
+/*!
+ \class QAtomicPointer
+ \brief The QAtomicPointer class is a template class that provides platform-independent atomic operations on pointers.
+ \since 4.4
+
+ \ingroup thread
+
+ For atomic operations on integers, see the QAtomicInt class.
+
+ An \e atomic operation is a complex operation that completes without interruption.
+ The QAtomicPointer class provides atomic test-and-set, fetch-and-store, and fetch-and-add for pointers.
+
+ \section1 Non-atomic convenience operators
+
+ For convenience, QAtomicPointer provides pointer comparison, cast,
+ dereference, and assignment operators. Note that these operators
+ are \e not atomic.
+
+ \section1 The Atomic API
+
+ \section2 Memory ordering
+
+ QAtomicPointer provides several implementations of the atomic
+ test-and-set, fetch-and-store, and fetch-and-add functions. Each
+ implementation defines a memory ordering semantic that describes
+ how memory accesses surrounding the atomic instruction are
+ executed by the processor. Since many modern architectures allow
+ out-of-order execution and memory ordering, using the correct
+ semantic is necessary to ensure that your application functions
+ properly on all processors.
+
+ \list
+
+ \o Relaxed - memory ordering is unspecified, leaving the compiler
+ and processor to freely reorder memory accesses.
+
+ \o Acquire - memory access following the atomic operation (in
+ program order) may not be re-ordered before the atomic operation.
+
+ \o Release - memory access before the atomic operation (in program
+ order) may not be re-ordered after the atomic operation.
+
+ \o Ordered - the same Acquire and Release semantics combined.
+
+ \endlist
+
+ \section2 Test-and-set
+
+ If the current value of the QAtomicPointer is an expected value,
+ the test-and-set functions assign a new value to the
+ QAtomicPointer and return true. If values are \a not the same,
+ these functions do nothing and return false. This operation
+ equates to the following code:
+
+ \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/src_corelib_thread_qatomic.cpp 4
+
+ There are 4 test-and-set functions: testAndSetRelaxed(),
+ testAndSetAcquire(), testAndSetRelease(), and
+ testAndSetOrdered(). See above for an explanation of the different
+ memory ordering semantics.
+
+ \section2 Fetch-and-store
+
+ The atomic fetch-and-store functions read the current value of the
+ QAtomicPointer and then assign a new value, returning the original
+ value. This operation equates to the following code:
+
+ \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/src_corelib_thread_qatomic.cpp 5
+
+ There are 4 fetch-and-store functions: fetchAndStoreRelaxed(),
+ fetchAndStoreAcquire(), fetchAndStoreRelease(), and
+ fetchAndStoreOrdered(). See above for an explanation of the
+ different memory ordering semantics.
+
+ \section2 Fetch-and-add
+
+ The atomic fetch-and-add functions read the current value of the
+ QAtomicPointer and then add the given value to the current value,
+ returning the original value. This operation equates to the
+ following code:
+
+ \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/src_corelib_thread_qatomic.cpp 6
+
+ There are 4 fetch-and-add functions: fetchAndAddRelaxed(),
+ fetchAndAddAcquire(), fetchAndAddRelease(), and
+ fetchAndAddOrdered(). See above for an explanation of the
+ different memory ordering semantics.
+
+ \section1 Feature Tests for the Atomic API
+
+ Providing a platform-independent atomic API that works on all
+ processors is challenging. The API provided by QAtomicPointer is
+ guaranteed to work atomically on all processors. However, since
+ not all processors implement support for every operation provided
+ by QAtomicPointer, it is necessary to expose information about the
+ processor.
+
+ You can check at compile time which features are supported on your
+ hardware using various macros. These will tell you if your
+ hardware always, sometimes, or does not support a particular
+ operation. The macros have the form
+ Q_ATOMIC_POINTER_\e{OPERATION}_IS_\e{HOW}_NATIVE. \e{OPERATION} is
+ one of TEST_AND_SET, FETCH_AND_STORE, or FETCH_AND_ADD, and
+ \e{HOW} is one of ALWAYS, SOMETIMES, or NOT. There will always be
+ exactly one defined macro per operation. For example, if
+ Q_ATOMIC_POINTER_TEST_AND_SET_IS_ALWAYS_NATIVE is defined, neither
+ Q_ATOMIC_POINTER_TEST_AND_SET_IS_SOMETIMES_NATIVE nor
+ Q_ATOMIC_POINTER_TEST_AND_SET_IS_NOT_NATIVE will be defined.
+
+ An operation that completes in constant time is said to be
+ wait-free. Such operations are not implemented using locks or
+ loops of any kind. For atomic operations that are always
+ supported, and that are wait-free, Qt defines the
+ Q_ATOMIC_POINTER_\e{OPERATION}_IS_WAIT_FREE in addition to the
+ Q_ATOMIC_POINTER_\e{OPERATION}_IS_ALWAYS_NATIVE.
+
+ In cases where an atomic operation is only supported in newer
+ generations of the processor, QAtomicPointer also provides a way
+ to check at runtime what your hardware supports with the
+ isTestAndSetNative(), isFetchAndStoreNative(), and
+ isFetchAndAddNative() functions. Wait-free implementations can be
+ detected using the isTestAndSetWaitFree(),
+ isFetchAndStoreWaitFree(), and isFetchAndAddWaitFree() functions.
+
+ Below is a complete list of all feature macros for QAtomicPointer:
+
+ \list
+
+ \o Q_ATOMIC_POINTER_TEST_AND_SET_IS_ALWAYS_NATIVE
+ \o Q_ATOMIC_POINTER_TEST_AND_SET_IS_SOMETIMES_NATIVE
+ \o Q_ATOMIC_POINTER_TEST_AND_SET_IS_NOT_NATIVE
+ \o Q_ATOMIC_POINTER_TEST_AND_SET_IS_WAIT_FREE
+
+ \o Q_ATOMIC_POINTER_FETCH_AND_STORE_IS_ALWAYS_NATIVE
+ \o Q_ATOMIC_POINTER_FETCH_AND_STORE_IS_SOMETIMES_NATIVE
+ \o Q_ATOMIC_POINTER_FETCH_AND_STORE_IS_NOT_NATIVE
+ \o Q_ATOMIC_POINTER_FETCH_AND_STORE_IS_WAIT_FREE
+
+ \o Q_ATOMIC_POINTER_FETCH_AND_ADD_IS_ALWAYS_NATIVE
+ \o Q_ATOMIC_POINTER_FETCH_AND_ADD_IS_SOMETIMES_NATIVE
+ \o Q_ATOMIC_POINTER_FETCH_AND_ADD_IS_NOT_NATIVE
+ \o Q_ATOMIC_POINTER_FETCH_AND_ADD_IS_WAIT_FREE
+
+ \endlist
+
+ \sa QAtomicInt
+*/
+
+/*! \fn QAtomicPointer::QAtomicPointer(T *value)
+
+ Constructs a QAtomicPointer with the given \a value.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn QAtomicPointer::QAtomicPointer(const QAtomicPointer<T> &other)
+
+ Constructs a copy of \a other.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn QAtomicPointer<T> &QAtomicPointer::operator=(T *value)
+
+ Assigns the \a value to this QAtomicPointer and returns a
+ reference to this QAtomicPointer.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn QAtomicPointer<T> &QAtomicPointer::operator=(const QAtomicPointer<T> &other)
+
+ Assigns \a other to this QAtomicPointer and returns a reference to
+ this QAtomicPointer.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn bool QAtomicPointer::operator==(T *value) const
+
+ Returns true if the \a value is equal to the value in this
+ QAtomicPointer; otherwise returns false.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn bool QAtomicPointer::operator!=(T *value) const
+
+ Returns true if the value of this QAtomicPointer is not equal to
+ \a value; otherwise returns false.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn bool QAtomicPointer::operator!() const
+
+ Returns true is the current value of this QAtomicPointer is zero;
+ otherwise returns false.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn QAtomicPointer::operator T *() const
+
+ Returns the current pointer value stored by this QAtomicPointer
+ object.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn T *QAtomicPointer::operator->() const
+
+*/
+
+/*! \fn bool QAtomicPointer::isTestAndSetNative()
+
+ Returns true if test-and-set is implemented using atomic processor
+ instructions, false otherwise.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn bool QAtomicPointer::isTestAndSetWaitFree()
+
+ Returns true if atomic test-and-set is wait-free, false otherwise.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn bool QAtomicPointer::testAndSetRelaxed(T *expectedValue, T *newValue)
+
+ Atomic test-and-set.
+
+ If the current value of this QAtomicPointer is the \a expectedValue,
+ the test-and-set functions assign the \a newValue to this
+ QAtomicPointer and return true. If the values are \e not the same,
+ this function does nothing and returns false.
+
+ This function uses \e relaxed \l {QAtomicPointer#Memory
+ ordering}{memory ordering} semantics, leaving the compiler and
+ processor to freely reorder memory accesses.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn bool QAtomicPointer::testAndSetAcquire(T *expectedValue, T *newValue)
+
+ Atomic test-and-set.
+
+ If the current value of this QAtomicPointer is the \a expectedValue,
+ the test-and-set functions assign the \a newValue to this
+ QAtomicPointer and return true. If the values are \e not the same,
+ this function does nothing and returns false.
+
+ This function uses \e acquire \l {QAtomicPointer#Memory
+ ordering}{memory ordering} semantics, which ensures that memory
+ access following the atomic operation (in program order) may not
+ be re-ordered before the atomic operation.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn bool QAtomicPointer::testAndSetRelease(T *expectedValue, T *newValue)
+
+ Atomic test-and-set.
+
+ If the current value of this QAtomicPointer is the \a expectedValue,
+ the test-and-set functions assign the \a newValue to this
+ QAtomicPointer and return true. If the values are \e not the same,
+ this function does nothing and returns false.
+
+ This function uses \e release \l {QAtomicPointer#Memory
+ ordering}{memory ordering} semantics, which ensures that memory
+ access before the atomic operation (in program order) may not be
+ re-ordered after the atomic operation.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn bool QAtomicPointer::testAndSetOrdered(T *expectedValue, T *newValue)
+
+ Atomic test-and-set.
+
+ If the current value of this QAtomicPointer is the \a expectedValue,
+ the test-and-set functions assign the \a newValue to this
+ QAtomicPointer and return true. If the values are \e not the same,
+ this function does nothing and returns false.
+
+ This function uses \e ordered \l {QAtomicPointer#Memory
+ ordering}{memory ordering} semantics, which ensures that memory
+ access before and after the atomic operation (in program order)
+ may not be re-ordered.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn bool QAtomicPointer::isFetchAndStoreNative()
+
+ Returns true if fetch-and-store is implemented using atomic
+ processor instructions, false otherwise.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn bool QAtomicPointer::isFetchAndStoreWaitFree()
+
+ Returns true if atomic fetch-and-store is wait-free, false
+ otherwise.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn T *QAtomicPointer::fetchAndStoreRelaxed(T *newValue)
+
+ Atomic fetch-and-store.
+
+ Reads the current value of this QAtomicPointer and then assigns it the
+ \a newValue, returning the original value.
+
+ This function uses \e relaxed \l {QAtomicPointer#Memory
+ ordering}{memory ordering} semantics, leaving the compiler and
+ processor to freely reorder memory accesses.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn T *QAtomicPointer::fetchAndStoreAcquire(T *newValue)
+
+ Atomic fetch-and-store.
+
+ Reads the current value of this QAtomicPointer and then assigns it the
+ \a newValue, returning the original value.
+
+ This function uses \e acquire \l {QAtomicPointer#Memory
+ ordering}{memory ordering} semantics, which ensures that memory
+ access following the atomic operation (in program order) may not
+ be re-ordered before the atomic operation.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn T *QAtomicPointer::fetchAndStoreRelease(T *newValue)
+
+ Atomic fetch-and-store.
+
+ Reads the current value of this QAtomicPointer and then assigns it the
+ \a newValue, returning the original value.
+
+ This function uses \e release \l {QAtomicPointer#Memory
+ ordering}{memory ordering} semantics, which ensures that memory
+ access before the atomic operation (in program order) may not be
+ re-ordered after the atomic operation.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn T *QAtomicPointer::fetchAndStoreOrdered(T *newValue)
+
+ Atomic fetch-and-store.
+
+ Reads the current value of this QAtomicPointer and then assigns it the
+ \a newValue, returning the original value.
+
+ This function uses \e ordered \l {QAtomicPointer#Memory
+ ordering}{memory ordering} semantics, which ensures that memory
+ access before and after the atomic operation (in program order)
+ may not be re-ordered.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn bool QAtomicPointer::isFetchAndAddNative()
+
+ Returns true if fetch-and-add is implemented using atomic
+ processor instructions, false otherwise.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn bool QAtomicPointer::isFetchAndAddWaitFree()
+
+ Returns true if atomic fetch-and-add is wait-free, false
+ otherwise.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn T *QAtomicPointer::fetchAndAddRelaxed(qptrdiff valueToAdd)
+
+ Atomic fetch-and-add.
+
+ Reads the current value of this QAtomicPointer and then adds
+ \a valueToAdd to the current value, returning the original value.
+
+ This function uses \e relaxed \l {QAtomicPointer#Memory
+ ordering}{memory ordering} semantics, leaving the compiler and
+ processor to freely reorder memory accesses.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn T *QAtomicPointer::fetchAndAddAcquire(qptrdiff valueToAdd)
+
+ Atomic fetch-and-add.
+
+ Reads the current value of this QAtomicPointer and then adds
+ \a valueToAdd to the current value, returning the original value.
+
+ This function uses \e acquire \l {QAtomicPointer#Memory
+ ordering}{memory ordering} semantics, which ensures that memory
+ access following the atomic operation (in program order) may not
+ be re-ordered before the atomic operation.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn T *QAtomicPointer::fetchAndAddRelease(qptrdiff valueToAdd)
+
+ Atomic fetch-and-add.
+
+ Reads the current value of this QAtomicPointer and then adds
+ \a valueToAdd to the current value, returning the original value.
+
+ This function uses \e release \l {QAtomicPointer#Memory
+ ordering}{memory ordering} semantics, which ensures that memory
+ access before the atomic operation (in program order) may not be
+ re-ordered after the atomic operation.
+*/
+
+/*! \fn T *QAtomicPointer::fetchAndAddOrdered(qptrdiff valueToAdd)
+
+ Atomic fetch-and-add.
+
+ Reads the current value of this QAtomicPointer and then adds
+ \a valueToAdd to the current value, returning the original value.
+
+ This function uses \e ordered \l {QAtomicPointer#Memory
+ ordering}{memory ordering} semantics, which ensures that memory
+ access before and after the atomic operation (in program order)
+ may not be re-ordered.
+*/
+
+/*!
+ \macro Q_ATOMIC_POINTER_TEST_AND_SET_IS_ALWAYS_NATIVE
+ \relates QAtomicPointer
+
+ This macro is defined if and only if your processor supports
+ atomic test-and-set on pointers.
+*/
+
+/*!
+ \macro Q_ATOMIC_POINTER_TEST_AND_SET_IS_SOMETIMES_NATIVE
+ \relates QAtomicPointer
+
+ This macro is defined when only certain generations of the
+ processor support atomic test-and-set on pointers. Use the
+ QAtomicPointer::isTestAndSetNative() function to check what your
+ processor supports.
+*/
+
+/*!
+ \macro Q_ATOMIC_POINTER_TEST_AND_SET_IS_NOT_NATIVE
+ \relates QAtomicPointer
+
+ This macro is defined when the hardware does not support atomic
+ test-and-set on pointers.
+*/
+
+/*!
+ \macro Q_ATOMIC_POINTER_TEST_AND_SET_IS_WAIT_FREE
+ \relates QAtomicPointer
+
+ This macro is defined together with
+ Q_ATOMIC_POINTER_TEST_AND_SET_IS_ALWAYS_NATIVE to indicate that
+ the atomic test-and-set on pointers is wait-free.
+*/
+
+/*!
+ \macro Q_ATOMIC_POINTER_FETCH_AND_STORE_IS_ALWAYS_NATIVE
+ \relates QAtomicPointer
+
+ This macro is defined if and only if your processor supports
+ atomic fetch-and-store on pointers.
+*/
+
+/*!
+ \macro Q_ATOMIC_POINTER_FETCH_AND_STORE_IS_SOMETIMES_NATIVE
+ \relates QAtomicPointer
+
+ This macro is defined when only certain generations of the
+ processor support atomic fetch-and-store on pointers. Use the
+ QAtomicPointer::isFetchAndStoreNative() function to check what
+ your processor supports.
+*/
+
+/*!
+ \macro Q_ATOMIC_POINTER_FETCH_AND_STORE_IS_NOT_NATIVE
+ \relates QAtomicPointer
+
+ This macro is defined when the hardware does not support atomic
+ fetch-and-store on pointers.
+*/
+
+/*!
+ \macro Q_ATOMIC_POINTER_FETCH_AND_STORE_IS_WAIT_FREE
+ \relates QAtomicPointer
+
+ This macro is defined together with
+ Q_ATOMIC_POINTER_FETCH_AND_STORE_IS_ALWAYS_NATIVE to indicate that
+ the atomic fetch-and-store on pointers is wait-free.
+*/
+
+/*!
+ \macro Q_ATOMIC_POINTER_FETCH_AND_ADD_IS_ALWAYS_NATIVE
+ \relates QAtomicPointer
+
+ This macro is defined if and only if your processor supports
+ atomic fetch-and-add on pointers.
+*/
+
+/*!
+ \macro Q_ATOMIC_POINTER_FETCH_AND_ADD_IS_SOMETIMES_NATIVE
+ \relates QAtomicPointer
+
+ This macro is defined when only certain generations of the
+ processor support atomic fetch-and-add on pointers. Use the
+ QAtomicPointer::isFetchAndAddNative() function to check what your
+ processor supports.
+*/
+
+/*!
+ \macro Q_ATOMIC_POINTER_FETCH_AND_ADD_IS_NOT_NATIVE
+ \relates QAtomicPointer
+
+ This macro is defined when the hardware does not support atomic
+ fetch-and-add on pointers.
+*/
+
+/*!
+ \macro Q_ATOMIC_POINTER_FETCH_AND_ADD_IS_WAIT_FREE
+ \relates QAtomicPointer
+
+ This macro is defined together with
+ Q_ATOMIC_POINTER_FETCH_AND_ADD_IS_ALWAYS_NATIVE to indicate that
+ the atomic fetch-and-add on pointers is wait-free.
+*/