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/****************************************************************************
**
** Copyright (C) 2021 The Qt Company Ltd.
** Contact: https://www.qt.io/licensing/
**
** This file is part of the documentation of the Qt Toolkit.
**
** $QT_BEGIN_LICENSE:FDL$
** Commercial License Usage
** Licensees holding valid commercial Qt licenses may use this file in
** accordance with the commercial license agreement provided with the
** Software or, alternatively, in accordance with the terms contained in
** a written agreement between you and The Qt Company. For licensing terms
** and conditions see https://www.qt.io/terms-conditions. For further
** information use the contact form at https://www.qt.io/contact-us.
**
** GNU Free Documentation License Usage
** Alternatively, this file may be used under the terms of the GNU Free
** Documentation License version 1.3 as published by the Free Software
** Foundation and appearing in the file included in the packaging of
** this file. Please review the following information to ensure
** the GNU Free Documentation License version 1.3 requirements
** will be met: https://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl-1.3.html.
** $QT_END_LICENSE$
**
****************************************************************************/
/*!
\page android-manifest-file-configuration.html
\title Qt Android Manifest File Configuration
\ingroup androidplatform
\brief Provides details on the AndroidManifest.xml configuration.
\previouspage android-openssl-support.html
\nextpage android-services.html
The Android Manifest is an XML file necessary for any Android app. It contains
app configuration for different settings and features that the app use, as well
as details on the app itself, such as, package name, app name, version, etc.
Permissions and hardware features can also be set from the manifest.
Qt for Android maintains a version of \c {AndroidManifest.xml} with default
configuration that include features, permissions and other configuration
used by the build system which are needed for building and running Qt apps
on Android.
\section1 Qt Project to Manifest Configuration
Qt defines some \l {Android: App Manifest <meta-data>}{meta-data} that is passed
from the build systems and to \l {Deploying an Application on Android}{androiddeployqt}
which populates the manifest with the correct values without explicitly setting
these in the manifest file. Such \l {Android: App Manifest <meta-data>}{meta-data}
is assigned a value in the form \c {"-- %%INSERT_VALUE%% --"}, for example:
\badcode
<manifest ...
android:versionCode="-- %%INSERT_VERSION_CODE%% --"
...
</manifest>
\endcode
This would be populated with the version code that is set in, for example,
\c CMake.
\section1 Qt Default Configuration
Qt sets the following manifest configuration by default:
\table
\header
\li Section
\li Option
\li Description
\row
\li {1, 5} \l {Android: App Manifest <manifest>}{<manifest>}
\li package
\li Sets the package name. Default: \c {org.qtproject.example.app_name}.
\row
\li \c {android:installLocation}
\li Sets the app's installation location, whether internal or external storage.
Default: \c auto.
\row
\li android:versionCode
\li Sets the internal version code. Populated from \c ANDROID_VERSION_CODE (qmake)
and \c QT_ANDROID_VERSION_CODE (CMake). Default: \c 1.
\row
\li android:versionName
\li Sets the public version name. Populated from \c ANDROID_VERSION_NAME (qmake)
and \c QT_ANDROID_VERSION_NAME (CMake). Default: \c {1.0}.
\row
\li \c {<supports-screens>}
\li Sets the screen sizes that the app supports,
default values are \c anyDensity, \c largeScreens,
\c normalScreens, and \c smallScreens.
\row
\li {1, 5} \l {Android: App Manifest <application>}{<application>}
\li android:name
\li The application class name. Default:
\c {org.qtproject.qt.android.bindings.QtApplication}.
\row
\li android:label
\li The application name label. Default: the Qt project's target name.
\row
\li android:extractNativeLibs
\li Extracts the native C++ libraries on installation. Default: \c true.
\row
\li android:hardwareAccelerated
\li Sets hardware acceleration preference. Default: \c true.
\row
\li android:requestLegacyExternalStorage
\li Whether to use Android scoped storage. Default \c true.
\row
\li {1, 6} \l {Android: App Manifest <activity>}{<activity>}
\li android:name
\li The activity class name. Default: \c {org.qtproject.qt.android.bindings.QtActivity}.
\row
\li android:label
\li The activity name label. Default: the Qt project's target name.
\row
\li android:configChanges
\li Lists configuration changes that the activity handles. Default:
\c orientation, \c uiMode, \c screenLayout, \c screenSize,
\c smallestScreenSize, \c layoutDirection, \c locale, \c fontScale,
\c keyboard, \c keyboardHidden, \c navigation, \c mcc, \c mnc, \c density.
\row
\li android:launchMode
\li The method used to launch the activity. Default: \c singleTop.
\row
\li android:screenOrientation
\li The orientation of the activity's display on the device. Default: \c unspecified.
\row
\li <intent-filter>
\li Specifies the types of intents that the activity can respond to. Default:
\badcode
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN"/>
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"/>
\endcode
\endtable
\section1 Qt Specific Meta-data
In addition to the default manifest configuration that Qt sets, Qt defines
some meta-data that is valid for Qt apps only. Such meta-data is usually
under the \c <activity> section in the form:
\badcode
<meta-data
android:name="meta-data-name"
android:value="meta-data-value" />
\endcode
The following is a list of such meta-data defined by Qt:
\table
\header
\li meta-data name
\li Description
\row
\target android.app.lib_name
\li android.app.lib_name
\li The filename of the native C++ library that is used by the activity.
\note This attribute is mandatory and shouldn't be removed.
Default: the Qt project's target name.
\row
\li android.app.extract_android_style
\li The method used to extract the native Android Style information.
For more information, see \l {Style Extraction}.
Default: \c minimal.
\row
\target android.app.background_running
\li android.app.background_running
\li Sets whether the app keeps running tasks in the background.
Setting this to \c true is the equivalent of setting the environment
variable \c QT_BLOCK_EVENT_LOOPS_WHEN_SUSPENDED to \c 0.
Default: \c false.
\warning Setting this to \c true may cause unexpected crash if the
application tries to draw after \l {QGuiApplication::applicationStateChanged()}
signal is sent with a \l {Qt::ApplicationSuspended} state.
\row
\target android.app.arguments
\li android.app.arguments
\li Sets a list of arguments to pass to the app \c {"arg1 arg2"}.
Populated from \c ANDROID_APPLICATION_ARGUMENTS (qmake) and
\c QT_ANDROID_APPLICATION_ARGUMENTS (CMake).
Default: not set.
\row
\li android.app.splash_screen_drawable_portrait
\li Sets a drawable for a splash screen specific to portrait mode.
For example: \c {android:resource="@drawable/splash_portrait"}.
Default: not set.
\row
\li android.app.splash_screen_drawable_landscape
\li Sets a drawable for a splash screen specific to landscape mode.
For example: \c {android:resource="@drawable/splash_landscape"}.
Default: not set.
\row
\li android.app.splash_screen_drawable
\li Sets a drawable for a splash screen at the start of the app.
\note Orientation specific splash screens are checked first,
if not set, this is used instead.
For example: \c {android:resource="@drawable/splash"}.
Default: not set.
\row
\li android.app.splash_screen_sticky
\li Sets whether the splash screen stays visible until explicitly hidden
by the app.
For more information, see
\l {QNativeInterface::}{QAndroidApplication::hideSplashScreen()}.
\row
\target android.app.system_libs_prefix
\li android.app.system_libs_prefix
\li Specifies a custom system library path to use for library loading lookup.
This is necessary when running as a system app.
Default: \c {/system/lib/}.
\endtable
\section2 Meta-data in Services
Some meta-data attributes can also be used in \l {Android Services}{Services}.
The main ones are:
\list
\li \l {android.app.lib_name}
\li \l {android.app.background_running}
\li \l {android.app.arguments}
\li \l {android.app.system_libs_prefix}
\endlist
\section2 Qt Permissions and Features
Different Qt modules might require some Android permissions or features to
function properly, for example, Camera permission in \l {QtMultimedia}.
l{The androiddeployqt Tool} takes care of including such requirements into the
Android manifest during the build. Qt defines the following lines into the
manifest, which they get replaced by
the actual values:
\badcode
<manifest ...
<!-- %%INSERT_PERMISSIONS -->
<!-- %%INSERT_FEATURES -->
...
</manifest>
\endcode
\note If those lines are removed from the project manifest, Qt won't be
able to include the correct permissions. So some functionalities
might not work properly.
\section2 Style Extraction
Qt uses different methods to determine how Qt Widgets and Qt Quick Controls
should be styled:
\list
\li \c default or \c full: when using Qt Widgets or Qt Quick Controls 1.
\note This method uses some Android non-SDK interfaces, that are being
restricted and removed by Google starting from Android 9.0 (API 28).
For that reason, this is not recommended for Android 9.0 or greater.
\li \c minimal: when using Qt Quick Controls 2 and no Qt Widgets or Qt Quick
Controls 1. This is faster than using the default or full options.
\li \c none: no style extraction.
\endlist
\section1 Qt Manifest before 6.2 Release
Versions of Qt earlier than 6.2 used to have an additional set of meta-data
defined by Qt. These attributes used to manage dependencies and some were
used by the discontinued \c Ministro service. With Qt 6.2, they should be removed.
Here is a list of these attributes:
\list
\li android.app.qt_sources_resource_id
\li android.app.repository
\li android.app.bundled_libs_resource_id
\li android.app.bundle_local_qt_libs
\li android.app.use_local_qt_libs
\li android.app.libs_prefix
\li android.app.load_local_libs_resource_id
\li android.app.load_local_jars
\li android.app.static_init_classes
\li android.app.qt_libs_resource_id
\li android.app.ministro_not_found_msg
\li android.app.ministro_needed_msg
\li android.app.fatal_error_msg
\endlist
For more information on the Android Manifest, see
\l{Android: App Manifest}{Android App Manifest}.
*/
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