De-d-pointer QRhiShaderResourceBinding

Sad to see this go since the d pointer pattern with implicit sharing
would have been perfect for this class, had this been a public API.

However, as binary compatibility will not be a concern for QRhi classes,
it is wasteful to allocate memory on every QRhiShaderResourceBinding.
This allows users, such as Qt Quick, to use QRhiShaderResourceBinding as
a cheap, simple, value class, without having to invent their own
alternatives in performance critical places.

The change brings a not insignficant improvement in certain qmlbench scenes
(the ones with thousands of unbatched geometry nodes).

Change-Id: I6d1dced6498d9ad625f90ead78bc0a417ea99ed8
Reviewed-by: Christian Strømme <christian.stromme@qt.io>

7 files changed, 118 insertions, 190 deletions

diff --git a/src/gui/rhi/qrhi.cpp b/src/gui/rhi/qrhi.cpp
index cd813d8665..2bf8c3c7b6 100644
--- a/src/gui/rhi/qrhi.cpp
+++ b/src/gui/rhi/qrhi.cpp
@@ -2645,43 +2645,10 @@ bool QRhiShaderResourceBindings::isLayoutCompatible(const QRhiShaderResourceBind
     \internal
  */
 QRhiShaderResourceBinding::QRhiShaderResourceBinding()
-    : d(new QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate)
 {
-}
-
-/*!
-    \internal
- */
-void QRhiShaderResourceBinding::detach()
-{
-    qAtomicDetach(d);
-}
-
-/*!
-    \internal
- */
-QRhiShaderResourceBinding::QRhiShaderResourceBinding(const QRhiShaderResourceBinding &other)
-    : d(other.d)
-{
-    d->ref.ref();
-}
-
-/*!
-    \internal
- */
-QRhiShaderResourceBinding &QRhiShaderResourceBinding::operator=(const QRhiShaderResourceBinding &other)
-{
-    qAtomicAssign(d, other.d);
-    return *this;
-}
-
-/*!
-    Destructor.
- */
-QRhiShaderResourceBinding::~QRhiShaderResourceBinding()
-{
-    if (!d->ref.deref())
-        delete d;
+    // Zero out everything, including possible padding, because will use
+    // qHashBits on it.
+    memset(&d.u, 0, sizeof(d.u));
 }
 
 /*!
@@ -2698,8 +2665,7 @@ QRhiShaderResourceBinding::~QRhiShaderResourceBinding()
  */
 bool QRhiShaderResourceBinding::isLayoutCompatible(const QRhiShaderResourceBinding &other) const
 {
-    return (d == other.d)
-            || (d->binding == other.d->binding && d->stage == other.d->stage && d->type == other.d->type);
+    return d.binding == other.d.binding && d.stage == other.d.stage && d.type == other.d.type;
 }
 
 /*!
@@ -2712,15 +2678,13 @@ QRhiShaderResourceBinding QRhiShaderResourceBinding::uniformBuffer(
         int binding, StageFlags stage, QRhiBuffer *buf)
 {
     QRhiShaderResourceBinding b;
-    QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate *d = QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate::get(&b);
-    Q_ASSERT(d->ref.loadRelaxed() == 1);
-    d->binding = binding;
-    d->stage = stage;
-    d->type = UniformBuffer;
-    d->u.ubuf.buf = buf;
-    d->u.ubuf.offset = 0;
-    d->u.ubuf.maybeSize = 0; // entire buffer
-    d->u.ubuf.hasDynamicOffset = false;
+    b.d.binding = binding;
+    b.d.stage = stage;
+    b.d.type = UniformBuffer;
+    b.d.u.ubuf.buf = buf;
+    b.d.u.ubuf.offset = 0;
+    b.d.u.ubuf.maybeSize = 0; // entire buffer
+    b.d.u.ubuf.hasDynamicOffset = false;
     return b;
 }
 
@@ -2741,9 +2705,8 @@ QRhiShaderResourceBinding QRhiShaderResourceBinding::uniformBuffer(
 {
     Q_ASSERT(size > 0);
     QRhiShaderResourceBinding b = uniformBuffer(binding, stage, buf);
-    QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate *d = QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate::get(&b);
-    d->u.ubuf.offset = offset;
-    d->u.ubuf.maybeSize = size;
+    b.d.u.ubuf.offset = offset;
+    b.d.u.ubuf.maybeSize = size;
     return b;
 }
 
@@ -2762,8 +2725,7 @@ QRhiShaderResourceBinding QRhiShaderResourceBinding::uniformBufferWithDynamicOff
         int binding, StageFlags stage, QRhiBuffer *buf, int size)
 {
     QRhiShaderResourceBinding b = uniformBuffer(binding, stage, buf, 0, size);
-    QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate *d = QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate::get(&b);
-    d->u.ubuf.hasDynamicOffset = true;
+    b.d.u.ubuf.hasDynamicOffset = true;
     return b;
 }
 
@@ -2776,13 +2738,11 @@ QRhiShaderResourceBinding QRhiShaderResourceBinding::sampledTexture(
         int binding, StageFlags stage, QRhiTexture *tex, QRhiSampler *sampler)
 {
     QRhiShaderResourceBinding b;
-    QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate *d = QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate::get(&b);
-    Q_ASSERT(d->ref.loadRelaxed() == 1);
-    d->binding = binding;
-    d->stage = stage;
-    d->type = SampledTexture;
-    d->u.stex.tex = tex;
-    d->u.stex.sampler = sampler;
+    b.d.binding = binding;
+    b.d.stage = stage;
+    b.d.type = SampledTexture;
+    b.d.u.stex.tex = tex;
+    b.d.u.stex.sampler = sampler;
     return b;
 }
 
@@ -2798,13 +2758,11 @@ QRhiShaderResourceBinding QRhiShaderResourceBinding::imageLoad(
         int binding, StageFlags stage, QRhiTexture *tex, int level)
 {
     QRhiShaderResourceBinding b;
-    QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate *d = QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate::get(&b);
-    Q_ASSERT(d->ref.loadRelaxed() == 1);
-    d->binding = binding;
-    d->stage = stage;
-    d->type = ImageLoad;
-    d->u.simage.tex = tex;
-    d->u.simage.level = level;
+    b.d.binding = binding;
+    b.d.stage = stage;
+    b.d.type = ImageLoad;
+    b.d.u.simage.tex = tex;
+    b.d.u.simage.level = level;
     return b;
 }
 
@@ -2820,8 +2778,7 @@ QRhiShaderResourceBinding QRhiShaderResourceBinding::imageStore(
         int binding, StageFlags stage, QRhiTexture *tex, int level)
 {
     QRhiShaderResourceBinding b = imageLoad(binding, stage, tex, level);
-    QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate *d = QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate::get(&b);
-    d->type = ImageStore;
+    b.d.type = ImageStore;
     return b;
 }
 
@@ -2837,8 +2794,7 @@ QRhiShaderResourceBinding QRhiShaderResourceBinding::imageLoadStore(
         int binding, StageFlags stage, QRhiTexture *tex, int level)
 {
     QRhiShaderResourceBinding b = imageLoad(binding, stage, tex, level);
-    QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate *d = QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate::get(&b);
-    d->type = ImageLoadStore;
+    b.d.type = ImageLoadStore;
     return b;
 }
 
@@ -2852,14 +2808,12 @@ QRhiShaderResourceBinding QRhiShaderResourceBinding::bufferLoad(
         int binding, StageFlags stage, QRhiBuffer *buf)
 {
     QRhiShaderResourceBinding b;
-    QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate *d = QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate::get(&b);
-    Q_ASSERT(d->ref.loadRelaxed() == 1);
-    d->binding = binding;
-    d->stage = stage;
-    d->type = BufferLoad;
-    d->u.sbuf.buf = buf;
-    d->u.sbuf.offset = 0;
-    d->u.sbuf.maybeSize = 0; // entire buffer
+    b.d.binding = binding;
+    b.d.stage = stage;
+    b.d.type = BufferLoad;
+    b.d.u.sbuf.buf = buf;
+    b.d.u.sbuf.offset = 0;
+    b.d.u.sbuf.maybeSize = 0; // entire buffer
     return b;
 }
 
@@ -2875,9 +2829,8 @@ QRhiShaderResourceBinding QRhiShaderResourceBinding::bufferLoad(
 {
     Q_ASSERT(size > 0);
     QRhiShaderResourceBinding b = bufferLoad(binding, stage, buf);
-    QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate *d = QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate::get(&b);
-    d->u.sbuf.offset = offset;
-    d->u.sbuf.maybeSize = size;
+    b.d.u.sbuf.offset = offset;
+    b.d.u.sbuf.maybeSize = size;
     return b;
 }
 
@@ -2891,8 +2844,7 @@ QRhiShaderResourceBinding QRhiShaderResourceBinding::bufferStore(
         int binding, StageFlags stage, QRhiBuffer *buf)
 {
     QRhiShaderResourceBinding b = bufferLoad(binding, stage, buf);
-    QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate *d = QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate::get(&b);
-    d->type = BufferStore;
+    b.d.type = BufferStore;
     return b;
 }
 
@@ -2908,9 +2860,8 @@ QRhiShaderResourceBinding QRhiShaderResourceBinding::bufferStore(
 {
     Q_ASSERT(size > 0);
     QRhiShaderResourceBinding b = bufferStore(binding, stage, buf);
-    QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate *d = QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate::get(&b);
-    d->u.sbuf.offset = offset;
-    d->u.sbuf.maybeSize = size;
+    b.d.u.sbuf.offset = offset;
+    b.d.u.sbuf.maybeSize = size;
     return b;
 }
 
@@ -2924,8 +2875,7 @@ QRhiShaderResourceBinding QRhiShaderResourceBinding::bufferLoadStore(
         int binding, StageFlags stage, QRhiBuffer *buf)
 {
     QRhiShaderResourceBinding b = bufferLoad(binding, stage, buf);
-    QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate *d = QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate::get(&b);
-    d->type = BufferLoadStore;
+    b.d.type = BufferLoadStore;
     return b;
 }
 
@@ -2941,9 +2891,8 @@ QRhiShaderResourceBinding QRhiShaderResourceBinding::bufferLoadStore(
 {
     Q_ASSERT(size > 0);
     QRhiShaderResourceBinding b = bufferLoadStore(binding, stage, buf);
-    QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate *d = QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate::get(&b);
-    d->u.sbuf.offset = offset;
-    d->u.sbuf.maybeSize = size;
+    b.d.u.sbuf.offset = offset;
+    b.d.u.sbuf.maybeSize = size;
     return b;
 }
 
@@ -2959,28 +2908,32 @@ QRhiShaderResourceBinding QRhiShaderResourceBinding::bufferLoadStore(
  */
 bool operator==(const QRhiShaderResourceBinding &a, const QRhiShaderResourceBinding &b) Q_DECL_NOTHROW
 {
-    if (a.d == b.d)
+    const QRhiShaderResourceBinding::Data *da = a.data();
+    const QRhiShaderResourceBinding::Data *db = b.data();
+
+    if (da == db)
         return true;
 
-    if (a.d->binding != b.d->binding
-            || a.d->stage != b.d->stage
-            || a.d->type != b.d->type)
+
+    if (da->binding != db->binding
+            || da->stage != db->stage
+            || da->type != db->type)
     {
         return false;
     }
 
-    switch (a.d->type) {
+    switch (da->type) {
     case QRhiShaderResourceBinding::UniformBuffer:
-        if (a.d->u.ubuf.buf != b.d->u.ubuf.buf
-                || a.d->u.ubuf.offset != b.d->u.ubuf.offset
-                || a.d->u.ubuf.maybeSize != b.d->u.ubuf.maybeSize)
+        if (da->u.ubuf.buf != db->u.ubuf.buf
+                || da->u.ubuf.offset != db->u.ubuf.offset
+                || da->u.ubuf.maybeSize != db->u.ubuf.maybeSize)
         {
             return false;
         }
         break;
     case QRhiShaderResourceBinding::SampledTexture:
-        if (a.d->u.stex.tex != b.d->u.stex.tex
-                || a.d->u.stex.sampler != b.d->u.stex.sampler)
+        if (da->u.stex.tex != db->u.stex.tex
+                || da->u.stex.sampler != db->u.stex.sampler)
         {
             return false;
         }
@@ -2990,8 +2943,8 @@ bool operator==(const QRhiShaderResourceBinding &a, const QRhiShaderResourceBind
     case QRhiShaderResourceBinding::ImageStore:
         Q_FALLTHROUGH();
     case QRhiShaderResourceBinding::ImageLoadStore:
-        if (a.d->u.simage.tex != b.d->u.simage.tex
-                || a.d->u.simage.level != b.d->u.simage.level)
+        if (da->u.simage.tex != db->u.simage.tex
+                || da->u.simage.level != db->u.simage.level)
         {
             return false;
         }
@@ -3001,9 +2954,9 @@ bool operator==(const QRhiShaderResourceBinding &a, const QRhiShaderResourceBind
     case QRhiShaderResourceBinding::BufferStore:
         Q_FALLTHROUGH();
     case QRhiShaderResourceBinding::BufferLoadStore:
-        if (a.d->u.sbuf.buf != b.d->u.sbuf.buf
-                || a.d->u.sbuf.offset != b.d->u.sbuf.offset
-                || a.d->u.sbuf.maybeSize != b.d->u.sbuf.maybeSize)
+        if (da->u.sbuf.buf != db->u.sbuf.buf
+                || da->u.sbuf.offset != db->u.sbuf.offset
+                || da->u.sbuf.maybeSize != db->u.sbuf.maybeSize)
         {
             return false;
         }
@@ -3034,16 +2987,16 @@ bool operator!=(const QRhiShaderResourceBinding &a, const QRhiShaderResourceBind
  */
 uint qHash(const QRhiShaderResourceBinding &b, uint seed) Q_DECL_NOTHROW
 {
-    const char *u = reinterpret_cast<const char *>(&b.d->u);
-    return seed + uint(b.d->binding) + 10 * uint(b.d->stage) + 100 * uint(b.d->type)
-            + qHash(QByteArray::fromRawData(u, sizeof(b.d->u)), seed);
+    const QRhiShaderResourceBinding::Data *d = b.data();
+    return seed + uint(d->binding) + 10 * uint(d->stage) + 100 * uint(d->type)
+            + qHashBits(&d->u, sizeof(d->u), seed);
 }
 
 #ifndef QT_NO_DEBUG_STREAM
 QDebug operator<<(QDebug dbg, const QRhiShaderResourceBinding &b)
 {
-    const QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate *d = b.d;
     QDebugStateSaver saver(dbg);
+    const QRhiShaderResourceBinding::Data *d = b.data();
     dbg.nospace() << "QRhiShaderResourceBinding("
                   << "binding=" << d->binding
                   << " stage=" << d->stage
diff --git a/src/gui/rhi/qrhi_p.h b/src/gui/rhi/qrhi_p.h
index c73f03cf72..fec69c607f 100644
--- a/src/gui/rhi/qrhi_p.h
+++ b/src/gui/rhi/qrhi_p.h
@@ -320,10 +320,6 @@ public:
     Q_DECLARE_FLAGS(StageFlags, StageFlag)
 
     QRhiShaderResourceBinding();
-    QRhiShaderResourceBinding(const QRhiShaderResourceBinding &other);
-    QRhiShaderResourceBinding &operator=(const QRhiShaderResourceBinding &other);
-    ~QRhiShaderResourceBinding();
-    void detach();
 
     bool isLayoutCompatible(const QRhiShaderResourceBinding &other) const;
 
@@ -344,19 +340,49 @@ public:
     static QRhiShaderResourceBinding bufferLoadStore(int binding, StageFlags stage, QRhiBuffer *buf);
     static QRhiShaderResourceBinding bufferLoadStore(int binding, StageFlags stage, QRhiBuffer *buf, int offset, int size);
 
+    struct Data
+    {
+        int binding;
+        QRhiShaderResourceBinding::StageFlags stage;
+        QRhiShaderResourceBinding::Type type;
+        struct UniformBufferData {
+            QRhiBuffer *buf;
+            int offset;
+            int maybeSize;
+            bool hasDynamicOffset;
+        };
+        struct SampledTextureData {
+            QRhiTexture *tex;
+            QRhiSampler *sampler;
+        };
+        struct StorageImageData {
+            QRhiTexture *tex;
+            int level;
+        };
+        struct StorageBufferData {
+            QRhiBuffer *buf;
+            int offset;
+            int maybeSize;
+        };
+        union {
+            UniformBufferData ubuf;
+            SampledTextureData stex;
+            StorageImageData simage;
+            StorageBufferData sbuf;
+        } u;
+    };
+
+    Data *data() { return &d; }
+    const Data *data() const { return &d; }
+
 private:
-    QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate *d;
-    friend class QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate;
-    friend Q_GUI_EXPORT bool operator==(const QRhiShaderResourceBinding &, const QRhiShaderResourceBinding &) Q_DECL_NOTHROW;
-    friend Q_GUI_EXPORT bool operator!=(const QRhiShaderResourceBinding &, const QRhiShaderResourceBinding &) Q_DECL_NOTHROW;
-    friend Q_GUI_EXPORT uint qHash(const QRhiShaderResourceBinding &, uint) Q_DECL_NOTHROW;
-#ifndef QT_NO_DEBUG_STREAM
-    friend Q_GUI_EXPORT QDebug operator<<(QDebug, const QRhiShaderResourceBinding &);
-#endif
+    Data d;
 };
 
 Q_DECLARE_OPERATORS_FOR_FLAGS(QRhiShaderResourceBinding::StageFlags)
 
+Q_DECLARE_TYPEINFO(QRhiShaderResourceBinding, Q_MOVABLE_TYPE);
+
 Q_GUI_EXPORT bool operator==(const QRhiShaderResourceBinding &a, const QRhiShaderResourceBinding &b) Q_DECL_NOTHROW;
 Q_GUI_EXPORT bool operator!=(const QRhiShaderResourceBinding &a, const QRhiShaderResourceBinding &b) Q_DECL_NOTHROW;
 Q_GUI_EXPORT uint qHash(const QRhiShaderResourceBinding &b, uint seed = 0) Q_DECL_NOTHROW;
diff --git a/src/gui/rhi/qrhi_p_p.h b/src/gui/rhi/qrhi_p_p.h
index be2808549c..2cb96ebaf5 100644
--- a/src/gui/rhi/qrhi_p_p.h
+++ b/src/gui/rhi/qrhi_p_p.h
@@ -381,57 +381,6 @@ Q_DECLARE_TYPEINFO(QRhiResourceUpdateBatchPrivate::DynamicBufferUpdate, Q_MOVABL
 Q_DECLARE_TYPEINFO(QRhiResourceUpdateBatchPrivate::StaticBufferUpload, Q_MOVABLE_TYPE);
 Q_DECLARE_TYPEINFO(QRhiResourceUpdateBatchPrivate::TextureOp, Q_MOVABLE_TYPE);
 
-class Q_GUI_EXPORT QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate
-{
-public:
-    QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate()
-        : ref(1)
-    {
-    }
-
-    QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate(const QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate *other)
-        : ref(1),
-          binding(other->binding),
-          stage(other->stage),
-          type(other->type),
-          u(other->u)
-    {
-    }
-
-    static QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate *get(QRhiShaderResourceBinding *s) { return s->d; }
-    static const QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate *get(const QRhiShaderResourceBinding *s) { return s->d; }
-
-    QAtomicInt ref;
-    int binding;
-    QRhiShaderResourceBinding::StageFlags stage;
-    QRhiShaderResourceBinding::Type type;
-    struct UniformBufferData {
-        QRhiBuffer *buf;
-        int offset;
-        int maybeSize;
-        bool hasDynamicOffset;
-    };
-    struct SampledTextureData {
-        QRhiTexture *tex;
-        QRhiSampler *sampler;
-    };
-    struct StorageImageData {
-        QRhiTexture *tex;
-        int level;
-    };
-    struct StorageBufferData {
-        QRhiBuffer *buf;
-        int offset;
-        int maybeSize;
-    };
-    union {
-        UniformBufferData ubuf;
-        SampledTextureData stex;
-        StorageImageData simage;
-        StorageBufferData sbuf;
-    } u;
-};
-
 template<typename T>
 struct QRhiBatchedBindings
 {
diff --git a/src/gui/rhi/qrhid3d11.cpp b/src/gui/rhi/qrhid3d11.cpp
index e076bc7def..a47f1ff86c 100644
--- a/src/gui/rhi/qrhid3d11.cpp
+++ b/src/gui/rhi/qrhid3d11.cpp
@@ -598,7 +598,7 @@ void QRhiD3D11::setShaderResources(QRhiCommandBuffer *cb, QRhiShaderResourceBind
     bool hasDynamicOffsetInSrb = false;
     bool srbUpdate = false;
     for (int i = 0, ie = srbD->sortedBindings.count(); i != ie; ++i) {
-        const QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate *b = QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate::get(&srbD->sortedBindings[i]);
+        const QRhiShaderResourceBinding::Data *b = srbD->sortedBindings.at(i).data();
         QD3D11ShaderResourceBindings::BoundResourceData &bd(srbD->boundResourceData[i]);
         switch (b->type) {
         case QRhiShaderResourceBinding::UniformBuffer:
@@ -1746,7 +1746,7 @@ void QRhiD3D11::updateShaderResourceBindings(QD3D11ShaderResourceBindings *srbD)
     srbD->csUAVs.clear();
 
     for (int i = 0, ie = srbD->sortedBindings.count(); i != ie; ++i) {
-        const QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate *b = QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate::get(&srbD->sortedBindings[i]);
+        const QRhiShaderResourceBinding::Data *b = srbD->sortedBindings.at(i).data();
         QD3D11ShaderResourceBindings::BoundResourceData &bd(srbD->boundResourceData[i]);
         switch (b->type) {
         case QRhiShaderResourceBinding::UniformBuffer:
@@ -3086,7 +3086,7 @@ bool QD3D11ShaderResourceBindings::build()
     std::sort(sortedBindings.begin(), sortedBindings.end(),
               [](const QRhiShaderResourceBinding &a, const QRhiShaderResourceBinding &b)
     {
-        return QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate::get(&a)->binding < QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate::get(&b)->binding;
+        return a.data()->binding < b.data()->binding;
     });
 
     boundResourceData.resize(sortedBindings.count());
diff --git a/src/gui/rhi/qrhigles2.cpp b/src/gui/rhi/qrhigles2.cpp
index 11beda5b92..5afba774a9 100644
--- a/src/gui/rhi/qrhigles2.cpp
+++ b/src/gui/rhi/qrhigles2.cpp
@@ -868,7 +868,7 @@ void QRhiGles2::setShaderResources(QRhiCommandBuffer *cb, QRhiShaderResourceBind
     QGles2ShaderResourceBindings *srbD = QRHI_RES(QGles2ShaderResourceBindings, srb);
     bool hasDynamicOffsetInSrb = false;
     for (int i = 0, ie = srbD->m_bindings.count(); i != ie; ++i) {
-        const QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate *b = QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate::get(&srbD->m_bindings[i]);
+        const QRhiShaderResourceBinding::Data *b = srbD->m_bindings.at(i).data();
         switch (b->type) {
         case QRhiShaderResourceBinding::UniformBuffer:
             // no BufUniformRead / AccessUniform because no real uniform buffers are used
@@ -2306,7 +2306,7 @@ void QRhiGles2::bindShaderResources(QRhiGraphicsPipeline *maybeGraphicsPs, QRhiC
     int texUnit = 0;
 
     for (int i = 0, ie = srbD->m_bindings.count(); i != ie; ++i) {
-        const QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate *b = QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate::get(&srbD->m_bindings[i]);
+        const QRhiShaderResourceBinding::Data *b = srbD->m_bindings.at(i).data();
 
         switch (b->type) {
         case QRhiShaderResourceBinding::UniformBuffer:
diff --git a/src/gui/rhi/qrhimetal.mm b/src/gui/rhi/qrhimetal.mm
index 68886a6edf..ca6f829acf 100644
--- a/src/gui/rhi/qrhimetal.mm
+++ b/src/gui/rhi/qrhimetal.mm
@@ -656,7 +656,7 @@ void QRhiMetal::enqueueShaderResourceBindings(QMetalShaderResourceBindings *srbD
     } res[KNOWN_STAGES];
 
     for (const QRhiShaderResourceBinding &binding : qAsConst(srbD->sortedBindings)) {
-        const QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate *b = QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate::get(&binding);
+        const QRhiShaderResourceBinding::Data *b = binding.data();
         switch (b->type) {
         case QRhiShaderResourceBinding::UniformBuffer:
         {
@@ -875,7 +875,7 @@ void QRhiMetal::setShaderResources(QRhiCommandBuffer *cb, QRhiShaderResourceBind
 
     // do buffer writes, figure out if we need to rebind, and mark as in-use
     for (int i = 0, ie = srbD->sortedBindings.count(); i != ie; ++i) {
-        const QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate *b = QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate::get(&srbD->sortedBindings[i]);
+        const QRhiShaderResourceBinding::Data *b = srbD->sortedBindings.at(i).data();
         QMetalShaderResourceBindings::BoundResourceData &bd(srbD->boundResourceData[i]);
         switch (b->type) {
         case QRhiShaderResourceBinding::UniformBuffer:
@@ -2772,17 +2772,17 @@ bool QMetalShaderResourceBindings::build()
     std::sort(sortedBindings.begin(), sortedBindings.end(),
               [](const QRhiShaderResourceBinding &a, const QRhiShaderResourceBinding &b)
     {
-        return QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate::get(&a)->binding < QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate::get(&b)->binding;
+        return a.data()->binding < b.data()->binding;
     });
     if (!sortedBindings.isEmpty())
-        maxBinding = QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate::get(&sortedBindings.last())->binding;
+        maxBinding = sortedBindings.last().data()->binding;
     else
         maxBinding = -1;
 
     boundResourceData.resize(sortedBindings.count());
 
     for (int i = 0, ie = sortedBindings.count(); i != ie; ++i) {
-        const QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate *b = QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate::get(&sortedBindings[i]);
+        const QRhiShaderResourceBinding::Data *b = srbD->sortedBindings.at(i).data();
         QMetalShaderResourceBindings::BoundResourceData &bd(boundResourceData[i]);
         switch (b->type) {
         case QRhiShaderResourceBinding::UniformBuffer:
diff --git a/src/gui/rhi/qrhivulkan.cpp b/src/gui/rhi/qrhivulkan.cpp
index 3668aaa47b..36cbc06f5a 100644
--- a/src/gui/rhi/qrhivulkan.cpp
+++ b/src/gui/rhi/qrhivulkan.cpp
@@ -2313,7 +2313,7 @@ void QRhiVulkan::updateShaderResourceBindings(QRhiShaderResourceBindings *srb, i
     while (frameSlot < (updateAll ? QVK_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT : descSetIdx + 1)) {
         srbD->boundResourceData[frameSlot].resize(srbD->sortedBindings.count());
         for (int i = 0, ie = srbD->sortedBindings.count(); i != ie; ++i) {
-            const QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate *b = QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate::get(&srbD->sortedBindings[i]);
+            const QRhiShaderResourceBinding::Data *b = srbD->sortedBindings.at(i).data();
             QVkShaderResourceBindings::BoundResourceData &bd(srbD->boundResourceData[frameSlot][i]);
 
             VkWriteDescriptorSet writeInfo;
@@ -3870,7 +3870,7 @@ void QRhiVulkan::setShaderResources(QRhiCommandBuffer *cb, QRhiShaderResourceBin
     bool hasDynamicOffsetInSrb = false;
 
     for (const QRhiShaderResourceBinding &binding : qAsConst(srbD->sortedBindings)) {
-        const QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate *b = QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate::get(&binding);
+        const QRhiShaderResourceBinding::Data *b = binding.data();
         switch (b->type) {
         case QRhiShaderResourceBinding::UniformBuffer:
             if (QRHI_RES(QVkBuffer, b->u.ubuf.buf)->m_type == QRhiBuffer::Dynamic)
@@ -3889,7 +3889,7 @@ void QRhiVulkan::setShaderResources(QRhiCommandBuffer *cb, QRhiShaderResourceBin
     // Do host writes and mark referenced shader resources as in-use.
     // Also prepare to ensure the descriptor set we are going to bind refers to up-to-date Vk objects.
     for (int i = 0, ie = srbD->sortedBindings.count(); i != ie; ++i) {
-        const QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate *b = QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate::get(&srbD->sortedBindings[i]);
+        const QRhiShaderResourceBinding::Data *b = srbD->sortedBindings.at(i).data();
         QVkShaderResourceBindings::BoundResourceData &bd(srbD->boundResourceData[descSetIdx][i]);
         QRhiPassResourceTracker &passResTracker(cbD->passResTrackers[cbD->currentPassResTrackerIndex]);
         switch (b->type) {
@@ -4022,7 +4022,7 @@ void QRhiVulkan::setShaderResources(QRhiCommandBuffer *cb, QRhiShaderResourceBin
             // and neither srb nor dynamicOffsets has any such ordering
             // requirement.
             for (const QRhiShaderResourceBinding &binding : qAsConst(srbD->sortedBindings)) {
-                const QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate *b = QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate::get(&binding);
+                const QRhiShaderResourceBinding::Data *b = binding.data();
                 if (b->type == QRhiShaderResourceBinding::UniformBuffer && b->u.ubuf.hasDynamicOffset) {
                     uint32_t offset = 0;
                     for (int i = 0; i < dynamicOffsetCount; ++i) {
@@ -4750,7 +4750,7 @@ static inline void fillVkStencilOpState(VkStencilOpState *dst, const QRhiGraphic
     dst->compareOp = toVkCompareOp(src.compareOp);
 }
 
-static inline VkDescriptorType toVkDescriptorType(const QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate *b)
+static inline VkDescriptorType toVkDescriptorType(const QRhiShaderResourceBinding::Data *b)
 {
     switch (b->type) {
     case QRhiShaderResourceBinding::UniformBuffer:
@@ -5701,12 +5701,12 @@ bool QVkShaderResourceBindings::build()
     std::sort(sortedBindings.begin(), sortedBindings.end(),
               [](const QRhiShaderResourceBinding &a, const QRhiShaderResourceBinding &b)
     {
-        return QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate::get(&a)->binding < QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate::get(&b)->binding;
+        return a.data()->binding < b.data()->binding;
     });
 
     QVarLengthArray<VkDescriptorSetLayoutBinding, 4> vkbindings;
     for (const QRhiShaderResourceBinding &binding : qAsConst(sortedBindings)) {
-        const QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate *b = QRhiShaderResourceBindingPrivate::get(&binding);
+        const QRhiShaderResourceBinding::Data *b = binding.data();
         VkDescriptorSetLayoutBinding vkbinding;
         memset(&vkbinding, 0, sizeof(vkbinding));
         vkbinding.binding = uint32_t(b->binding);