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+"""
+MySQL database backend for Django.
+
+Requires MySQLdb: http://sourceforge.net/projects/mysql-python
+"""
+
+import re
+
+try:
+ import MySQLdb as Database
+except ImportError, e:
+ from django.core.exceptions import ImproperlyConfigured
+ raise ImproperlyConfigured("Error loading MySQLdb module: %s" % e)
+
+# We want version (1, 2, 1, 'final', 2) or later. We can't just use
+# lexicographic ordering in this check because then (1, 2, 1, 'gamma')
+# inadvertently passes the version test.
+version = Database.version_info
+if (version < (1,2,1) or (version[:3] == (1, 2, 1) and
+ (len(version) < 5 or version[3] != 'final' or version[4] < 2))):
+ from django.core.exceptions import ImproperlyConfigured
+ raise ImproperlyConfigured("MySQLdb-1.2.1p2 or newer is required; you have %s" % Database.__version__)
+
+from MySQLdb.converters import conversions
+from MySQLdb.constants import FIELD_TYPE, FLAG
+
+from django.db.backends import *
+from django.db.backends.mysql.client import DatabaseClient
+from django.db.backends.mysql.creation import DatabaseCreation
+from django.db.backends.mysql.introspection import DatabaseIntrospection
+from django.db.backends.mysql.validation import DatabaseValidation
+
+# Raise exceptions for database warnings if DEBUG is on
+from django.conf import settings
+if settings.DEBUG:
+ from warnings import filterwarnings
+ filterwarnings("error", category=Database.Warning)
+
+DatabaseError = Database.DatabaseError
+IntegrityError = Database.IntegrityError
+
+# MySQLdb-1.2.1 supports the Python boolean type, and only uses datetime
+# module for time-related columns; older versions could have used mx.DateTime
+# or strings if there were no datetime module. However, MySQLdb still returns
+# TIME columns as timedelta -- they are more like timedelta in terms of actual
+# behavior as they are signed and include days -- and Django expects time, so
+# we still need to override that.
+django_conversions = conversions.copy()
+django_conversions.update({
+ FIELD_TYPE.TIME: util.typecast_time,
+ FIELD_TYPE.DECIMAL: util.typecast_decimal,
+ FIELD_TYPE.NEWDECIMAL: util.typecast_decimal,
+})
+
+# This should match the numerical portion of the version numbers (we can treat
+# versions like 5.0.24 and 5.0.24a as the same). Based on the list of version
+# at http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/4.1/en/news.html and
+# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/news.html .
+server_version_re = re.compile(r'(\d{1,2})\.(\d{1,2})\.(\d{1,2})')
+
+# MySQLdb-1.2.1 and newer automatically makes use of SHOW WARNINGS on
+# MySQL-4.1 and newer, so the MysqlDebugWrapper is unnecessary. Since the
+# point is to raise Warnings as exceptions, this can be done with the Python
+# warning module, and this is setup when the connection is created, and the
+# standard util.CursorDebugWrapper can be used. Also, using sql_mode
+# TRADITIONAL will automatically cause most warnings to be treated as errors.
+
+class DatabaseFeatures(BaseDatabaseFeatures):
+ empty_fetchmany_value = ()
+ update_can_self_select = False
+
+class DatabaseOperations(BaseDatabaseOperations):
+ def date_extract_sql(self, lookup_type, field_name):
+ # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/date-and-time-functions.html
+ return "EXTRACT(%s FROM %s)" % (lookup_type.upper(), field_name)
+
+ def date_trunc_sql(self, lookup_type, field_name):
+ fields = ['year', 'month', 'day', 'hour', 'minute', 'second']
+ format = ('%%Y-', '%%m', '-%%d', ' %%H:', '%%i', ':%%s') # Use double percents to escape.
+ format_def = ('0000-', '01', '-01', ' 00:', '00', ':00')
+ try:
+ i = fields.index(lookup_type) + 1
+ except ValueError:
+ sql = field_name
+ else:
+ format_str = ''.join([f for f in format[:i]] + [f for f in format_def[i:]])
+ sql = "CAST(DATE_FORMAT(%s, '%s') AS DATETIME)" % (field_name, format_str)
+ return sql
+
+ def drop_foreignkey_sql(self):
+ return "DROP FOREIGN KEY"
+
+ def fulltext_search_sql(self, field_name):
+ return 'MATCH (%s) AGAINST (%%s IN BOOLEAN MODE)' % field_name
+
+ def no_limit_value(self):
+ # 2**64 - 1, as recommended by the MySQL documentation
+ return 18446744073709551615L
+
+ def quote_name(self, name):
+ if name.startswith("`") and name.endswith("`"):
+ return name # Quoting once is enough.
+ return "`%s`" % name
+
+ def random_function_sql(self):
+ return 'RAND()'
+
+ def sql_flush(self, style, tables, sequences):
+ # NB: The generated SQL below is specific to MySQL
+ # 'TRUNCATE x;', 'TRUNCATE y;', 'TRUNCATE z;'... style SQL statements
+ # to clear all tables of all data
+ if tables:
+ sql = ['SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;']
+ for table in tables:
+ sql.append('%s %s;' % (style.SQL_KEYWORD('TRUNCATE'), style.SQL_FIELD(self.quote_name(table))))
+ sql.append('SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;')
+
+ # 'ALTER TABLE table AUTO_INCREMENT = 1;'... style SQL statements
+ # to reset sequence indices
+ sql.extend(["%s %s %s %s %s;" % \
+ (style.SQL_KEYWORD('ALTER'),
+ style.SQL_KEYWORD('TABLE'),
+ style.SQL_TABLE(self.quote_name(sequence['table'])),
+ style.SQL_KEYWORD('AUTO_INCREMENT'),
+ style.SQL_FIELD('= 1'),
+ ) for sequence in sequences])
+ return sql
+ else:
+ return []
+
+ def value_to_db_datetime(self, value):
+ # MySQL doesn't support microseconds
+ if value is None:
+ return None
+ return unicode(value.replace(microsecond=0))
+
+ def value_to_db_time(self, value):
+ # MySQL doesn't support microseconds
+ if value is None:
+ return None
+ return unicode(value.replace(microsecond=0))
+
+ def year_lookup_bounds(self, value):
+ # Again, no microseconds
+ first = '%s-01-01 00:00:00'
+ second = '%s-12-31 23:59:59.99'
+ return [first % value, second % value]
+
+class DatabaseWrapper(BaseDatabaseWrapper):
+
+ operators = {
+ 'exact': '= %s',
+ 'iexact': 'LIKE %s',
+ 'contains': 'LIKE BINARY %s',
+ 'icontains': 'LIKE %s',
+ 'regex': 'REGEXP BINARY %s',
+ 'iregex': 'REGEXP %s',
+ 'gt': '> %s',
+ 'gte': '>= %s',
+ 'lt': '< %s',
+ 'lte': '<= %s',
+ 'startswith': 'LIKE BINARY %s',
+ 'endswith': 'LIKE BINARY %s',
+ 'istartswith': 'LIKE %s',
+ 'iendswith': 'LIKE %s',
+ }
+
+ def __init__(self, **kwargs):
+ super(DatabaseWrapper, self).__init__(**kwargs)
+ self.server_version = None
+
+ self.features = DatabaseFeatures()
+ self.ops = DatabaseOperations()
+ self.client = DatabaseClient()
+ self.creation = DatabaseCreation(self)
+ self.introspection = DatabaseIntrospection(self)
+ self.validation = DatabaseValidation()
+
+ def _valid_connection(self):
+ if self.connection is not None:
+ try:
+ self.connection.ping()
+ return True
+ except DatabaseError:
+ self.connection.close()
+ self.connection = None
+ return False
+
+ def _cursor(self, settings):
+ if not self._valid_connection():
+ kwargs = {
+ 'conv': django_conversions,
+ 'charset': 'utf8',
+ 'use_unicode': True,
+ }
+ if settings.DATABASE_USER:
+ kwargs['user'] = settings.DATABASE_USER
+ if settings.DATABASE_NAME:
+ kwargs['db'] = settings.DATABASE_NAME
+ if settings.DATABASE_PASSWORD:
+ kwargs['passwd'] = settings.DATABASE_PASSWORD
+ if settings.DATABASE_HOST.startswith('/'):
+ kwargs['unix_socket'] = settings.DATABASE_HOST
+ elif settings.DATABASE_HOST:
+ kwargs['host'] = settings.DATABASE_HOST
+ if settings.DATABASE_PORT:
+ kwargs['port'] = int(settings.DATABASE_PORT)
+ kwargs.update(self.options)
+ self.connection = Database.connect(**kwargs)
+ cursor = self.connection.cursor()
+ return cursor
+
+ def _rollback(self):
+ try:
+ BaseDatabaseWrapper._rollback(self)
+ except Database.NotSupportedError:
+ pass
+
+ def get_server_version(self):
+ if not self.server_version:
+ if not self._valid_connection():
+ self.cursor()
+ m = server_version_re.match(self.connection.get_server_info())
+ if not m:
+ raise Exception('Unable to determine MySQL version from version string %r' % self.connection.get_server_info())
+ self.server_version = tuple([int(x) for x in m.groups()])
+ return self.server_version